BSLT

• Introduction to services and workshops provided by the Centre for Teaching and Learning

• Principles of SLT style• Self-appraisal• (extra notes: some basics of APA

citation and referencing)

Academic Writing Orientation

CENTRE FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING SERVICES

http://owll.massey.ac.nz Online Writing and Learning Link

http://tinyurl.com/albanyworkshops2014 Workshops

Book on 09 441-8143 or [email protected]

OR in person at the library (LEVEL 3)

ONE-TO-ONE OR SMALL GROUP CONSULTATIONS

Research studies have found that the prevalence of CONDITION X varies according to type, age group, and gender, although the progression and course of CONDITION also differs significantly among individuals from the same demographic group (Brown, 2005; Smith & Howell, 2008). Y is the most common variant of CONDITION X affecting around 90% of all individuals with the disorder (Singh, 2005). CONDITION X is considered to be a rare disease affecting an estimated 40,000 Americans with two thirds of the total affected population thought to be female (Colenso & Schmitt, 2007). While CONDITION X can develop at any stage, the most common age of emergence is 46 (Wang et al., 2011). The onset of CONDITION X can be either sudden or gradual with the severity of symptoms peaking to an unknown intensity within months or increasing years after onset (Faleolo et al., 2006). This study also indicates that CONDITION X is most prevalent among females over the age of 40 with no accurate prognosis able to be made regarding the progression and severity of its symptoms.

An example of effective SLT writing

precise

concise, objective and evidence-based

SLT style is:

CONDITION X is most prevalent among females over the age of 40

Research studies have found that prevalence of CONDITION varies according to type, age group, and gender, although the progression and course of CONDITION also differs significantly among individuals from the same demographic group (Brown, 2005; Smith & Howell, 2008)

all individuals with the disorder

person-first

Stroke is the most common cause of aphasia in New Zealand  and head injury is the second most common cause. This heart-wrenching condition can also result from brain tumours or infections. It is very common and roughly 16,000 New Zealanders suffer from aphasia. Even though it is so common in New Zealand, not a lot of people know about it. Up until, a family member has acquired it  (Aphasia Blog NZ, 2011). Some concepts of aphasia that will be explored in this report include, what Broca’s aphasia is, what causes Broca’s aphasia, the diagnosis, and associated disorders. As well as, its  impact on stroke survivors’ language and lifestyle. I’ll conclude with an overview of treatment available for stroke victims.   

How could this example of ineffective SLT writing be improved?

Stroke is the most common cause of aphasia in New Zealand  and head injury is the second most common cause. This heart-wrenching condition can also result from brain tumours or infections. It is very common and roughly 16,000 New Zealanders suffer from aphasia. Even though it is so common in New Zealand, not a lot of people know about it. Up until, a family member has acquired it  (Aphasia Blog NZ, 2011). Some concepts of aphasia that will be explored in this report include, what Broca’s aphasia is, what causes Broca’s aphasia, the diagnosis, and associated disorders. As well as, its  impact on stroke survivors’ language and lifestyle. I’ll conclude with an overview of treatment available for stroke victims.   

How could this example of ineffective SLT writing be improved?

cut out repetition and irrelevant information

Stroke is the most common cause of aphasia in New Zealand  and head injury is the second most common cause. This heart-wrenching condition can also result from brain tumours or infections. It is very common and roughly 16,000 New Zealanders suffer from aphasia. Even though it is so common in New Zealand, not a lot of people know about it. Up until, a family member has acquired it  (Aphasia Blog NZ, 2011). Some concepts of aphasia that will be explored in this report include, what Broca’s aphasia is, what causes Broca’s aphasia, the diagnosis, and associated disorders. As well as, its  impact on stroke survivors’ language and lifestyle. I’ll conclude with an overview of treatment available for stroke victims.   

How could this example of ineffective SLT writing be improved?

cut out vague, colloquial, personal or emotional language

and support your claims with evidence from peer-reviewed journals, not blogs or hot air

Stroke is the most common cause of aphasia in New Zealand  and head injury is the second most common cause. This heart-wrenching condition can also result from brain tumours or infections. It is very common and roughly 16,000 New Zealanders suffer from aphasia. Even though it is so common in New Zealand, not a lot of people know about it. Up until, a family member has acquired it  (Aphasia Blog NZ, 2011). Some concepts of aphasia that will be explored in this report include, what Broca’s aphasia is, what causes Broca’s aphasia, the diagnosis, and associated disorders. As well as, its  impact on stroke survivors’ language and lifestyle. I’ll conclude with an overview of treatment available for stroke victims.   

How could this example of ineffective SLT writing be improved?

Person-first language is a must

So is correct sentence structure and punctuation

Citations are a short way of indicating the source of your theories, models, concepts, examples or facts

In APA style, all you need to do is to put the author and date of publication of the book, article or website you used

The most common way to do this is to put these in brackets AFTER you’ve used the information

CITATIONS AND REFERENCES

Cognitive behavioural therapy is increasingly preferred to more traditional medical interventions in such cases (Dunbar & Holmes, 2003).

As an alternative you can use ‘according to’ and include the author(s) in your sentence

Or make the author(s) the subject of your sentence, choosing an appropriate reporting verb, for example:

claim argue explain point out find / foundsuggest

According to Dunbar and Holmes (2003), cognitive behavioural therapy is increasingly preferred …..

Dunbar and Holmes (2003) claim that cognitive behavioural therapy is increasingly preferred …..

Breen, C. R., Paulin, K. M., & Singh, T. L. (2008). The consequences of condition x on communication-related quality of life: A qualitative study of the insider’s experiences. Journal of Communication Disorders, 63, 104-213.

Breen, C. R., Paulin, K. M., Singh, T. L., Reilly, R. M., & Ghosh, D. (2009). Developing the communication item bank: Rasch analysis results from a condition x sample. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 68, 1209-1221.

Collins, B. K., Haughey, M. P., Mallory, T., & Williams, G. E. (2010). Speech intelligibility in severe condition x. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 59, 31-38.

Davison, M. F., Jolly, A., & Seligson, M. (2009). Disorders of the larynx. In A. Bennett, A. Jolly, & P. Stern (Eds.), Neurologic speech and language disorders (2nd ed.) (pp. 216-318). New York, NY: Heinemann Medical.

Your citations need to match up with complete references to sources in a list at the end

References

Smith, P., & Davidoff, R. (2003). Equal opportunities: From policy topractice. Central Islip, NY: Progressive Press.

(year) title of book

city publisher

In academic writing, most references are to books and journal articles

surname, initial

Brown, P. (2012). Equal opportunities in New Zealand: Myth or reality? Australasian Journal of Human Resources, 41(3), 46-68.doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

(year) title of articlesurname, initial

volume / issue number

page numbers

name of journaldoi number

CHAPTER INEDITED BOOK

Biggins, G. (2009). Why I became a social worker. In P. Te Ara & T. Rogers (Eds.), Social work and social workers in New Zealand/Aotearoa (pp.102-120). Auckland, New Zealand: Insight Press.

Title of chapter – not in italics

Editors’ names – initial goes before and (Eds.), goes after!

Title of book – in italics

Page numbers of chapter – in brackets with pp. before

Author of chapter and year of publication

City & Publisher

CITY OF PUBLICATION

UK, NZ etc city, country

Harmondsworth, England: Penguin.

Palmerston North, New Zealand: Dunmore Press.

USAcity, state initials

Upper Saddle River, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Check title of book in library catalogue and/or Google if city of publication is not clear from the book itself

AustraliaEither state OR country

Milton, Qld: McGraw-Hill.

Milton, Australia: McGraw-Hill.

WEB PAGE REFERENCE

Statistics New Zealand. (2009). Mapping trends in the Auckland region. Retrieved from http://www.stats.govt.nz/Publications/PopulationStatistics/mapping-trends-in-the-auckland-region.aspx.

author’s name (or organisation that owns the web site)

Year (if it’s missing put (n.d.)

Retrieved from followed by full internet address

Title of page (in italics)

Only use the internet, rarely, as the source for data from Government Ministries etc.

REFERENCING SOFTWARE

Endnote ($36 from library – and make sure you go to a tutorial)

http://tinyurl.com/endnoteguide

http://www.zotero.org/

Free Programmes to download (but you’ll need to learn how to use them, through online tutorials etc)

Use the references tab in the toolbar

Microsoft Word 2007 +

Click ‘insert citation’ + add new sourceTake care with names (Hamel, Gary) and type of source

http://www.mendeley.com