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Actual Status, Activities and Perspectives of the Space Geodesy Laboratory in Marine and Satellite

Positioning

Claudia Pereira Krueger (UFPR)

Satellite and Marine Geodesy Laboratory

Federal University of Paraná (UFPR)

February, 2011

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Federal University of Paraná - UFPR

Sources: www.maps-continents.com/globe-north-america.htm (2005)

www.cobveget.cnpm.embrapa.br/.../brasil.jpg (2005)

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UFPR:

- foundation 1912;

-Campus c.a 905 ha. With four campi in the city of Curitiba and other four

campi in seven other cities of the State of Paraná;

-has close cooperative relations with about 110 universities different countries;

-Undergraduate Students c.a 25,000;

-Graduate Students (Master and Doctoral) c.a 3,200;

-Post Graduation Specialization c.a 2,100

-Professors and Lecturers 2,197

-Supporting Staff 3,460

-Faculties/Sectors 12

-Departments 69

-Libraries 15

-School Hospitals 3

-University Restaurants 3

-Undergraduate Degrees 101

-Graduate Degrees 90Source:International Affairs Office (ARI)

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UFPR (Geoscience):

- Campus of Centro Politecnico;

-Undergraduate Students in Geoscience: ca 900 each semester;

-Graduate Students (Master and Doctoral) in Geoscience: ca 154 in 2010;

-Professors in Geoscience: 98

- Supporting Staff in Geoscience: 54

-Departments: 04 (Geomatic, Geology, Geography and Oceanography)

-Undergraduate Degrees in Geoscience: 04

-Graduate Degrees in Geoscience: 05Source: PROPLAN (2010)

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Departament of Geomatics:Undergraduate Students in Cartography Engineering

Postgraduation Program in Earth Science:

- Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing;

- Cartography and Geographic Information Systems;

- Geodesy:

-Optimization of Geodetic Surveys (SIRGAS project: integration of high-

precision geodetic networks in South America, altimetric Datum, Satellite

altimetry (DGFI/GIK))

-Positioning and Navigation Based on Space Techniques

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Spatial and Marine Geodetic Laboratory

Federal University of Paraná-UFPR

Campus of Centro Politécnico

LAGE

- Professors (UFPR): 04

- Professors (other institutions): 05

- Undergraduate Students in IC: 04

- Graduate Students (Master and

Doctoral): 10

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Our Research group at UFPR/Geoscience

• Positioning and Navigation Based on Space Techniques

This line of research is promising and attractive, andhas been increasingly developed theme of national andinternational interest. Its primary objectives are:development methodologies and techniques inpositioning and navigation, based on space technologyresearch, and human resources training.

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Research Areas

• Space Geodesy;

• Marine Geodesy and Hydrography; and

• Positioning and Navigation.

Subjects

• Positioning and Navigation Based on Space Techniques;

• Satellite Geodesy;

• Potencial of the Earth;

• Hydrography;

• Marine Geodesy.

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• The beginning occurred with the satellite tracking

station, in 1979, with the aim of developing

research on the Doppler positioning (Marconi

CMA 751 receiver).

• Several national and international cooperations,

such as: GTZ, KFA, DLR, IfE (UH), GIK (KIT),

DAAD, CAPES, CNPQ, FA, IBGE, Marine Navy,

RFFSA...

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View of Old Researches

• Study of GPS observations in area of large ionospheric

disturbances (1990)

• Control of the railroads of Paraná (IfE/UH and

RFFSA) (1994)

• Investigations on the application of high precision GPS

in marine environment (1996)

• Establishment of a local geodetic network along the

Brazilian coast (1996)

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• Development of local reference networks with the aim of applications in GPS high accuracy in real time (2001) (DLR/KFA/CNPQ).

• Extracting depths from images upon of high resolution based on reflectance values (2003).

• Assessment methodologies to update the coastlines inthe Brazilian ecossystem. Study of Case: CoastalMatinhos, PR (2006) (FA).

• Extracting depths from images upon of high resolution based on reflectance values (2003).


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• High Precision GPS positioning: investigation of some sources of errors and their modeling and deployment of the 1st. Calibration Base Antennas GNSS in Brazil (MCT / CNPq) and PROBRAL (CAPES/DAAD) (2006).

• Investigating parameters which influence GPS data process aiming at a volumetric model of sandy espur at Ilha do Mel (2006).

• Method to the oceanic bottom relief modelling using Artificial Neural Network (2006) (UH/UFPR/AWI).


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• Analysis of Horizontal Accuracy of Differential GPS

Positioning in employee Hydrographic surveys from

systems DGPS, RTK and RTG (2007).

• Application, investigation and an analysis of

bathymetric reduction methodology by diferencial

precise GPS method (2007).

• The application of GPS bathymetric tidal reduction in

hydrographic surveys (2008).


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Actual Status - Researches

1. The establishment of the Baseline Calibration

Station for GNSS Antennas at UFPR.

The first service in Brazil and Latin America.

The calibration basis was possible especially due to

technology transfer from Germany within the international

cooperation PROBRAL: Precise positioning and height

determination by means of GPS – Modelling of errors and

transformation into physical heights, which was funded by

CAPES (Brazil) and DAAD (Germany) (GIK/UFPR).

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1. The establishment of the Baseline Calibration

Station for GNSS Antennas at UFPR.

The phase center variations for L1 and L2 TRM22020.00+GP antenna

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2. Geodesic Surveys on Coast of Paraná.

Investigations and Application of High Precision GNSS in

Marine Environment.

Dynamics of the coastline located at the Paraná State:

positioning, mapping and monitoring.

Hydrographic surveys.

Determining the environmental impact of human actions on the

coastline of the Matinhos (PR)

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2. Geodesic Surveys on Coast of Paraná

The surface of the island covers an area of 27 km² and the length of the coastline is about 36.5 km.

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Aerialview of Mel Island: Isthmus,Nova Brasília and Farol dasConchas

The temporal coastal changes, the isthmus and the “sandy spur” with geodetic survey at the island “Ilha do Mel” (since 1996).

In 1997

View of the Mel Island isthmus in 1997

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Aerialview of Mel Island: Isthmus,Nova Brasília and Farol dasConchas

Ex: the temporal coastal changes

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Geodesic Surveys on Coast of Paraná

Matinhos Beach in 2001 – Occupation

Matinhos Beach in 1920

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(a) represents the

temporal shoreline

extracted by

aerofotogrametry

(b) represents the

shoreline extracted

by relative cinematic

positioning using

GPS.

For each temporal

shoreline there is a

database associate

showing in the system

information about the

shoreline mapping.

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Actual Status - Researches3. Technology Innovation

Developed a material called Attenuator of Multipath Effect (AEM-

LAGE) that might be coupled to an antenna in order to decrease

the multipath effects and mitigate the indirect signals that reach the

positioning receiver.

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3. Technology Innovation

Attenuator of Multipath Effect (AEM-LAGE)

Multipath Effect L1

ca 10%

ca 30%

Multipath Effect L2

Without material x AEM-LAGE x C-RAM_LF

L1 (12% x 30%)

L2 (15% x 15%)

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Prototypes of monitoring devices for water levels and currents in

coastal and the barrages waters. The prototypes was tested in

Vossoroca reservoir. Can be verified that the prototypes were

efficient in collecting data and that these, post-processed,

represent, within the precision of the equipment used, the reality

of hydraulic dynamics of the test area.

The prototypes provide data shall go through the analysis of

velocity fields, which supplied research support for the LAGE to

determine fragility of coastal areas of environmental

preservation supported by specialists systems.


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Vossoroca reservoir

located about 60 km

from Curitiba, in the

Tijucas do Sul district

(BR-376).

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Prototype of monitoring devices for

water levels

12 cm

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Prototype of monitoring currents.

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Prototype of digital level.

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4. Approaching the total vertical uncertainty of the

reduced depth

the methodology developed is

able to detect and highlight and fix

the errors present in hydrographic

surveys conducted with multibeam

echo sounder.

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-surveys at 2009 and 2010 by

Brazilian Navy;

- regular lines x verify lines

4. Approaching the total vertical uncertainty of the

reduced depth

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5. Specialists Systems

The development of an expert system for determination levels

of fragility has been studied.

This research discusses the criteria for the expert basic of

knowledge system and also introduces a new mathematical

model for determining the fragility index. All elements related

to natural and human interventions that can be part off the

equilibrium or disequilibrium in an environment complex. This

research that climbs through the data from the Geodetic

Sciences together with other sciences can be generated

subsidies for the planning and management of the territory.

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Actual Status - Researches6. Shoreline prediction

Other researches aim to demonstrate a comparison andassessment between three different models of shorelineprediction: robust parameter estimation, artificial neural networkand linear regression. From this propose temporal data, relatedto the years 1954, 1963, 1980, 1991 and 1997, were used forshoreline extraction in a 6 km section of Matinhos beach in thestate of Paraná, Brazil.

Some hypotheses changing the weight matrix for the case oflinear regression and robust estimation were done. The beststatistics result shows the MAPE (Mean Absolute PercentageError) when compared with the residuals between the predictionand the shoreline of control. With these criteria an ideal modelfor the study area has been evaluated.

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Actual Status - Researches7. NTRIP - Networked Transport of RTCM via

Internet Protocol

•26 Stations from RBMCparticipate;

•Data transmission: internetconnection (celular/modem(GSM, GPRS ou 3G)

•Free service;

•Several users at the same time;

•Differential corrections from anytype of GNSS data;

•Since 2009.

Source:http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/geociencias/geodesia/rbmc/ntrip/mapa_localizacao.shtm

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The SIRGAS Real Time (SIRGAS-RT) project was established in the

SIRGAS 2008 General Meeting (May 2008). Its main objective is to

evaluate the possibility of providing near real time corrections for

GNSS positioning based on the SIRGAS-CON stations. After one

year, Brazil, Uruguay, and Venezuela, who are applying the NTRIP

tool.

7. NTRIP - Networked Transport of RTCM via

Internet Protocol

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SIRGAS (2000)

• SIRGAS (2000) is the new

Geodetic System of Brazil since

25/02/2005

Realization 2000:- 184 stations in America;- Campane from 10 until 19 May of

2000, coordinates in ITRF2000,ephoca 2000,4;

- Processing data in IBGE and DGFI.

Source:www.ibge.gov.br

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Internet Protocol

Service Components RBMC-IP

Service Componentes RBMC-IP

Source:http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/geociencias/geodesia/rbmc/ntrip/mapa_localizacao.shtm

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•Accuracy: comparison between the coordinates obtained by RTK and

DGPS coordinates of the station;

•The lenght of the baseline it is very important.


Internet Protocol

A very short baseline <1km

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Perspectives

Calibration GNSS antennas:

• Develop standards to Brazil and Latin America;

• Calibration GNSS antennas in Brazil and Latin America

high precise positioning

GNSS Networks

• More investigations about the influence of temperatures and

atmospheric pressure in the BCAL.

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Perspectives

Coastal Areas:

• to be continuous to positioning, mapping and monitoring;

• more integration with other groups in national and internationallevel;

• new models for coastal areas with different variables (like:atmospheric temperature, winds, tides, atmospheric pressure,wave energy and variation in the mean sea level);

• database in Paraná or better Organized a GIS to our coastalareas;

• interdisciplinary researches.

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Perspectives

Reservoirs waters:

• new systems to monitoring the reservoirs, such as: develop asystem for monitoring water bodies of low cost and develop alow cost photogrammetric platform in order to determine thecoordinates of the drifting buoys and floats;

• more integration with other groups in national and internationallevel;

• interdisciplinary researches: are reservoirs waters contributingwith the “greenhouse effect”?

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Perspectives

Serra do Mar:

• It is a very nice place to make a research special after it washappened in Petrópolis, Teresópolis

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Thanks for your attention!Vielen Danke!

Obrigada!

Claudia Pereira Krueger (UFPR)

[email protected]

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02 12 Krueger