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Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States 403-256 B.C.
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Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Dec 18, 2015

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Page 1: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Zhou Dynastyabout 800 years

The Zhou dynasty1045 BC–256 BC

Western Zhou1046-771 B.C.

Eastern ZhouSpring & Autumn

770-403 B.C

Eastern ZhouWarring States403-256 B.C.

Page 2: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

武王伐纣King Wu of Zhou Attacked/Punished

King Zhou of Shang

King Wǔ of Zhōu (Chinese: 周武王 ; pinyin: zhōu wǔ wáng) or King Wu of Chou was the first sovereign, or ruler of the Chinese Zhōu Dynasty. The dates of his reign are 1046-1043 BCE or 1049/45-1043 (Cambridge History of Ancient China).

讨伐【 tǎofá 】 send a punitive expedition against (associated with justice, 口诛笔伐

【 kǒuzhūbǐfá 】 condemn both in speech and in writing.)

Page 3: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Battle of MuyeVictor Huang Weide as King Wu

The Battle of Muye (or Mu) ( 牧野之戰 ) was fought in China perhaps 1046 BC. The battle led to the end of the Shang dynasty, and the beginning of the Zhou dynasty.

Page 4: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Portrait of the Duke of ZhouIdol for Confucius

the brother of King Wu of Zhou, the first king of the ancient Chinese Zhou Dynasty

he annotated the 64 hexagrams and completed the classic of I Ching (The Book of Changes or the Classic of Changes), established the Rites of Zhou, and created the Yayue 雅乐 of Chinese classical music.

Page 5: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Elegant/Refined MusicCourt Music

The basic conventions of yayue 雅乐 were established in the Western Zhou. Together with law and rites, it formed the formal representation of aristocratic political power. Its entertaining function is secondary. [ 雅【 yǎ 】 standard; proper; correct]

According to tradition, yayue was created by the Duke of Zhou under commission from King Wu of Zhou, shortly after the latter's conquest of Shang. Incorporated within yayue were elements of shamanistic or religious traditions, as well as early Chinese folk music.

Page 6: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

“Metal Bound Box”Patricia Ebrey’s Sourcebook 6-7

http://ctext.org/shang-shu/metal-bound-coffer https://catalyst.uw.edu/gopost/conversation/weigao/6

36193 Partial knowledge leads to

misunderstanding/prejudice 隔阂【 géhé 】 estrangement; misunderstanding;

barrier. Gestalt 1920–25;  < German:  figure, form, structure,

unified whole

Page 7: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Mandate of Heaven天命【 tiānmìng 】 God's will; the mandate of heaven; destiny; fate.

In order to counter the Shang's claims to divine right of rule due to their descent from the god Ti, the Duke of Zhou formulated the doctrine of the Mandate of Heaven. According to this doctrine, the Shang had grossly offended Heaven: thus Heaven had commanded the reluctant Zhou to replace them and restore order. He is also credited with the creation of the fengjian (feudalistic) enfeoffment system, a political ideology that used ranking methods and regional governors to keep control of the expanding Zhou Dynasty.

Consult Ebrey’s East Asia 17;

Page 8: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Divine right of kings

君权神授【 jūnquánshénshòu 】moꞌnarchical power granted by heaven; divine power

The divine right of kings, or divine-right theory of kingship, is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving his right to rule directly from the will of God.

Page 9: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

the system of enfeoffment

分封制【 fēnfēngzhì 】 the system of enfeoffment (of the Western Zhou Dynasty, c.11th. century-771 B.C., investing the nobility with hereditary titles, territories and slaves).

Page 10: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Enfeoffmentin the Zhou Dynasty

井田制【 jǐngtiánzhì 】the 'nine squares' system with one large square divided into 9 small ones (like the Chinese character 井 ), the 8 outer ones being allocated to serfs who had to cultivate the central one for the serf owner.

Page 11: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

Principles on Enfeoffment

1. who shared the same family name ( 嫡系【 díxì 】 direct line of descent; one's own

clique; 庶出【 shùchū 】 <old> of or by the concubine (as distinguished from the legal wife);

2. founding generals; 3. descendants of the ancient kings The system of enfeoffment was one of the major

measures adopted by the Western Zhou dynasty to consolidate its power.

Page 12: Zhou Dynasty about 800 years The Zhou dynasty 1045 BC–256 BC Western Zhou 1046-771 B.C. Eastern Zhou Spring & Autumn 770-403 B.C Eastern Zhou Warring States.

King You of Zhou周幽王 r. 781 to 771 BCE.

烽火台【 fēnghuǒ 】 beacon tower on the Great Wall for the military purpose;

The Wolf is coming…

褒姒 baosi, his concubine