WWII This nation will remain a neutral nation, but I cannot ask that every American remain neutral in thought as well. FDR, 1939.

WWIIWWII

““This nation will remain a This nation will remain a neutral nation, but I cannot neutral nation, but I cannot

ask that every American ask that every American remain neutral in thought as remain neutral in thought as

well.” FDR, 1939well.” FDR, 1939

Dictators Threaten World Dictators Threaten World PeacePeace

Mussolini, Dictator of Italy. Extreme Mussolini, Dictator of Italy. Extreme Nationalism, and Militaristic.Nationalism, and Militaristic.

Hitler, Germany. Extreme Racism Hitler, Germany. Extreme Racism and militaristic. Nazi Party.and militaristic. Nazi Party.

Stalin, Soviet Union, Communist, Stalin, Soviet Union, Communist, Revolution by workers.Revolution by workers.

Japan, Military Leaders.Japan, Military Leaders.

Reasons for Rise of Reasons for Rise of DictatorshipsDictatorships

Economic Turmoil: World wide Economic Turmoil: World wide depression, Germany paying war depression, Germany paying war reparationsreparations

Sagging National Spirit: Restore past Sagging National Spirit: Restore past gloriesglories

ItalyItaly

Individual had no rights.Individual had no rights.Only the “state” is importantOnly the “state” is importantRestore past glory of RomeRestore past glory of RomeGain overseas colonies: attacked Gain overseas colonies: attacked

Ethiopia 1935Ethiopia 1935

RussiaRussia

Aimed to be an industrial giant.Aimed to be an industrial giant. Initiated the “Great Purge” 3 million Initiated the “Great Purge” 3 million

political opponents removed.political opponents removed.Stopped political, religious, and Stopped political, religious, and

human rights.human rights.Wanted communism to spreadWanted communism to spread

JapanJapan

Military groups in 1920’sMilitary groups in 1920’sRevive Samurai Code-Glorify WarriorsRevive Samurai Code-Glorify WarriorsEngage in naval armament race with Engage in naval armament race with

Great BritainGreat BritainLook to expand, and gain raw Look to expand, and gain raw

materials for industrymaterials for industryLooks at the U.S. as the chief rival of Looks at the U.S. as the chief rival of

the U.S.the U.S.

GermanyGermany

Created the National Socialist Party: Created the National Socialist Party: NazisNazis

Hitler: Tremendous motivator of the Hitler: Tremendous motivator of the massesmasses

Restore national prideRestore national pride Promised order out of chaos.Promised order out of chaos.Germany’s problems blamed on the Jews, Germany’s problems blamed on the Jews,

International Bankers, Communists, Old International Bankers, Communists, Old German Leaders, and nations who signed German Leaders, and nations who signed the Treaty of Versaillesthe Treaty of Versailles

HitlerHitler

Wrote “Mein Kampf” in jail and plans a new Wrote “Mein Kampf” in jail and plans a new German Empire (Reich) that would last 100 German Empire (Reich) that would last 100 years.years.

Belief that Germans are the master race and Belief that Germans are the master race and all other races such as Jews, Slavs were all other races such as Jews, Slavs were inferior and less than human.inferior and less than human.

Final Solution: Exterminate Jews from the Final Solution: Exterminate Jews from the earth.earth.

Dictatorship was the only form of government Dictatorship was the only form of government that would work. Give power to the strong.that would work. Give power to the strong.

Members of the Nazi Members of the Nazi HierarchyHierarchy

Herman Goerring: Leader of Luftwaffe, Herman Goerring: Leader of Luftwaffe, old-time friend of Hitlerold-time friend of Hitler

Heinrich Himmler: Head of Nazi SS, in Heinrich Himmler: Head of Nazi SS, in charge of dealing with the final solutioncharge of dealing with the final solution

Joseph Goebels: Minister of Propaganda, Joseph Goebels: Minister of Propaganda, kept final solution a secret.kept final solution a secret.

Rudolph Hess: Head of Gestapo (Secret Rudolph Hess: Head of Gestapo (Secret Police)Police)

Minister of PropagandaMinister of Propaganda

Hitler’s Goals/Movement Hitler’s Goals/Movement Towards WarTowards War

Restore National PrideRestore National PrideRegain lost territoryRegain lost territoryGain living spaceGain living spaceDestroy BolshevismDestroy BolshevismPurify Europe: Final SolutionPurify Europe: Final Solution

German Territorial German Territorial AcquisitionsAcquisitions

1936: Germany marches into Rhineland. 1936: Germany marches into Rhineland. Mussolini and Hitler signs Rome-Berlin AxisMussolini and Hitler signs Rome-Berlin Axis

1938: German marches into Austria to 1938: German marches into Austria to quiet civil disorder, next day Austria is quiet civil disorder, next day Austria is declared part of Germanydeclared part of Germany

Hitler demands Czechoslovakia to Hitler demands Czechoslovakia to evacuate the Sudentland. Policy of evacuate the Sudentland. Policy of appeasement is at its highest, Sudentland appeasement is at its highest, Sudentland is signed over.is signed over.

Germany can’t achieve goalsGermany can’t achieve goals

England has radarEngland has radarGerman planes too far to fly no German planes too far to fly no

escortescortDo not stick to original plan of Do not stick to original plan of

eliminating RAFeliminating RAF

U.S. Increases involvementU.S. Increases involvement

Involvement with lend-lease programInvolvement with lend-lease programFDR worries allies will run out of FDR worries allies will run out of

moneymoneyBecomes arsenal of democracyBecomes arsenal of democracy7 billion $ for ships, planes, tanks7 billion $ for ships, planes, tanks

Amer. InvolvementAmer. Involvement

American warships begin convoy dutyAmerican warships begin convoy dutyAtlantic charter August 1941 Atlantic charter August 1941

Roosevelt meets with Churchill to Roosevelt meets with Churchill to discuss the post war world.discuss the post war world.

Countries have the right to determine Countries have the right to determine their own government.their own government.

Japan sees America as a sleeping Japan sees America as a sleeping giant, U.S. will enter war after the giant, U.S. will enter war after the attack on Pearl Harbor.attack on Pearl Harbor.

Benito MussoliniBenito Mussolini

Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin

Nazi PropagandaNazi Propaganda

““I have seen war, and I hate I have seen war, and I hate war.”war.”FDRFDR