WWII. Anyone know any strong leaders? As things grew bad during the Great Depression, people started turning to strong leaders to solve the world problems.

WWIIWWII

Anyone know any strong leaders?Anyone know any strong leaders?

As things grew bad during the Great As things grew bad during the Great Depression, people started turning to Depression, people started turning to strong leaders to solve the world strong leaders to solve the world problems.problems.Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler, a German leader, led a , a German leader, led a political party called the Nazis.political party called the Nazis.The Nazis believed in fascism where the The Nazis believed in fascism where the government controls the economy, culture, government controls the economy, culture, and most parts of people’s lives.and most parts of people’s lives.

Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

A Nazi DictatorA Nazi Dictator

The Nazi Party took power in GermanyThe Nazi Party took power in Germany

Hitler ruled as a dictator, or a ruler who Hitler ruled as a dictator, or a ruler who has total control of a country and its has total control of a country and its peoplepeople

Hitler wanted to make Germany a strong Hitler wanted to make Germany a strong nationnation

Meanwhile, around the world…Meanwhile, around the world…

In Italy, Benito Mussolini ruled as a dictatorIn Italy, Benito Mussolini ruled as a dictatorIn Japan, nationalist leaders took controlIn Japan, nationalist leaders took controlThese leaders in Japan, Germany, and These leaders in Japan, Germany, and Italy, believed in racismItaly, believed in racismRacism is the idea that one race, or group Racism is the idea that one race, or group of people is betterof people is betterFor example, Hitler blamed the Jewish For example, Hitler blamed the Jewish people for all of Germany’s problemspeople for all of Germany’s problems

Imperialism is baack!Imperialism is baack!

Germany, Italy, and Japan began to Germany, Italy, and Japan began to invade other countriesinvade other countriesThey formed an alliance to protect each They formed an alliance to protect each other called the other called the Axis PowersAxis PowersHitler annexed, or added, Austria to Hitler annexed, or added, Austria to Germany and later, CzechoslovakiaGermany and later, CzechoslovakiaThen Hitler made a secret agreement with Then Hitler made a secret agreement with Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet UnionUnion

Germany’s Aggression in Germany’s Aggression in EuropeEurope

Track the following on your mapTrack the following on your map::• 1938- Hitler takes over Austria and western 1938- Hitler takes over Austria and western

CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia• 1939- Germany invades Poland (war begins)1939- Germany invades Poland (war begins)• 1940- Germany invades Denmark and Norway, 1940- Germany invades Denmark and Norway,

France, Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, and France, Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, and reaches the British Channelreaches the British Channel

• They later go for the British Channel IslandsThey later go for the British Channel Islands

Japan’s Aggression in the Japan’s Aggression in the PacificPacific

Track the following on your mapTrack the following on your map::• 1937- Japan already occupies Manchuria 1937- Japan already occupies Manchuria

and invades central Chinaand invades central China• 1941- Japan invades Vietnam, Laos, and 1941- Japan invades Vietnam, Laos, and

Cambodia, Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, and Cambodia, Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, and attacks the Philippinesattacks the Philippines

• 1942- Japan occupies Manila, Indonesia, 1942- Japan occupies Manila, Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma, the Solomon Islands, and Malaysia, Burma, the Solomon Islands, and SingaporeSingapore

Stalin and Hitler: BFFsStalin and Hitler: BFFs

The AlliesThe Allies

Great Britain and France formed an Great Britain and France formed an alliance known as the Allied Powersalliance known as the Allied Powers

They tried to stop Germany by signing an They tried to stop Germany by signing an agreement with Hitleragreement with Hitler

In the agreement, Hitler promised not to In the agreement, Hitler promised not to invade any more countries and in return, invade any more countries and in return, they got to keep the land they already hadthey got to keep the land they already had

Hitler soon broke his promise….Hitler soon broke his promise….

Broken PromisesBroken Promises

Germany broke the agreement by Germany broke the agreement by attacking Polandattacking PolandThe Allies then declared war on GermanyThe Allies then declared war on GermanyItaly and Japan soon declared war on the Italy and Japan soon declared war on the AlliesAlliesThe Allies could not stop the strong The Allies could not stop the strong German armyGerman armyBy the end of 1941, Germany controlled By the end of 1941, Germany controlled most of Europemost of Europe

Great Britain stays strongGreat Britain stays strong

Only Britain had not fallen to GermanyOnly Britain had not fallen to Germany

German planes bombed parts of London German planes bombed parts of London and other citiesand other cities

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill inspired his people to keep fighting!inspired his people to keep fighting!

America to the Rescue!America to the Rescue!

At the beginning of the war, Americans At the beginning of the war, Americans believed in isolationismbelieved in isolationism

However, FDR wanted to help Britain, so However, FDR wanted to help Britain, so he sent military equipment and supplieshe sent military equipment and supplies

FDR was growing worried about Japan-FDR was growing worried about Japan-they had invaded China and were planning they had invaded China and were planning to conquer other Asian countriesto conquer other Asian countries

The Leader of JapanThe Leader of Japan

The Japanese Prime Minister Hirohito The Japanese Prime Minister Hirohito knew that only the US Navy was strong knew that only the US Navy was strong enough to stop themenough to stop them

Japanese leaders planned to destroy the Japanese leaders planned to destroy the US Navy with a surprise attack…US Navy with a surprise attack…

ATTACK on U.S. soilATTACK on U.S. soil

On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, Japanese On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, Japanese airplanes bombed Pearl Harbor, a US airplanes bombed Pearl Harbor, a US Naval base in HawaiiNaval base in HawaiiThe US fleet suffered terrible damage and The US fleet suffered terrible damage and thousands of soldiers and sailors diedthousands of soldiers and sailors diedAmericans were stunned and most Americans were stunned and most believed that they had no choice but to believed that they had no choice but to fight backfight backFDR called for a war against JapanFDR called for a war against Japan

ATTACK!

Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

WAR!WAR!

The day after the bombing, Congress The day after the bombing, Congress declared war on Japandeclared war on Japan

Three days later, Germany and Italy Three days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the USdeclared war on the US

Our military was not prepared for a big warOur military was not prepared for a big war

After the attack, the US had to mobilize, or After the attack, the US had to mobilize, or get ready for warget ready for war

Preparing for War…Preparing for War…

Americans joined the army or were draftedAmericans joined the army or were drafted

Factories stopped making consumer Factories stopped making consumer goods and started making military goodsgoods and started making military goods

For example, the Ford Motor Company, For example, the Ford Motor Company, went from making cars to building went from making cars to building airplanes and airplane enginesairplanes and airplane engines

Scientists created new technology to help Scientists created new technology to help with the war like new designs for airplaneswith the war like new designs for airplanes

A Helping HandA Helping Hand

Women and African-Americans worked in Women and African-Americans worked in factories that made supplies for the warfactories that made supplies for the war

Women worked jobs that only men had Women worked jobs that only men had worked beforeworked before

Rosie the Riveter

““United” StatesUnited” States

Everyone helped with the war effortEveryone helped with the war effort

People made sacrifices like food rationingPeople made sacrifices like food rationing

Victory gardens were grownVictory gardens were grown

People paid close attention to what was People paid close attention to what was happening in the warhappening in the war

People read newspapers and watched People read newspapers and watched newsreelsnewsreels

Propaganda was everywhere!Propaganda was everywhere!

Tough Times for Japanese Tough Times for Japanese AmericansAmericans

After Pearl Harbor, people worried that After Pearl Harbor, people worried that Japanese Americans would help Japan Japanese Americans would help Japan attack the U.S.attack the U.S.FDR signed an order that forced over FDR signed an order that forced over 100,000 Japanese Americans to leave 100,000 Japanese Americans to leave their homes and move to internment their homes and move to internment campscampsThese camps were places where These camps were places where prisoners were held during wartimeprisoners were held during wartime

Internment CampsInternment Camps

Most of the people sent to these camps Most of the people sent to these camps were American citizenswere American citizens

This was happening while thousands of This was happening while thousands of Japanese Americans fought for the US in Japanese Americans fought for the US in the warthe war

Germany’s Surprising StrengthGermany’s Surprising Strength

The Axis Powers had prepared well for The Axis Powers had prepared well for war- they had trained many soldiers and war- they had trained many soldiers and built tons of suppliesbuilt tons of suppliesGermany conquered much of Europe, Germany conquered much of Europe, including the Soviet Unionincluding the Soviet UnionJapan’s army took over much of the Japan’s army took over much of the PacificPacificIn 1942, the Allies began to move against In 1942, the Allies began to move against the Axis Powersthe Axis Powers

African American FightersAfrican American Fighters

A group of African American pilots known A group of African American pilots known as the Tuskegee Airmen flew many as the Tuskegee Airmen flew many successful missions over Italysuccessful missions over Italy

Trouble in ParadiseTrouble in Paradise

By early 1944, Germany was in troubleBy early 1944, Germany was in trouble

On D-Day, nearly 200,000 Allied forcesOn D-Day, nearly 200,000 Allied forces

invaded Northern Franceinvaded Northern FranceThis landing allowed the surviving US This landing allowed the surviving US

soldiers to move toward Germanysoldiers to move toward GermanyAt the same time, Soviet soldiers were At the same time, Soviet soldiers were

advancing on Germany from the eastadvancing on Germany from the east

D-DAYD-DAY

The largest water-to-land invasion in historyThe largest water-to-land invasion in history

General Eisenhower led the attackGeneral Eisenhower led the attackTroops entered the beaches of Normandy to meet Troops entered the beaches of Normandy to meet German troopsGerman troops

V-E Day!V-E Day!

In May 1945, Germany was forced to In May 1945, Germany was forced to surrendersurrender

The Allies declared May 8The Allies declared May 8thth to be V-E Day! to be V-E Day!

Meanwhile, in the Pacific, fighting raged Meanwhile, in the Pacific, fighting raged on…on…

Japan had many victories after Pearl Japan had many victories after Pearl Harbor and controlled a large part of Asia Harbor and controlled a large part of Asia and the Pacificand the Pacific

Victory in the PacificVictory in the Pacific

The Allies had a major victory over Japan The Allies had a major victory over Japan in the Battle of Midwayin the Battle of Midway

In it, they used aircraft carriers, or large In it, they used aircraft carriers, or large ships that carry airplanes far from landships that carry airplanes far from land

The ships were so large that planes can The ships were so large that planes can take off and land on the deck of the shiptake off and land on the deck of the ship

The PlanThe Plan

Our plan to defeat Japan was called Island Our plan to defeat Japan was called Island HoppingHopping

The US hopped from island to island, The US hopped from island to island, taking it from Japantaking it from Japan

Each island became a place where they Each island became a place where they could attack Japan and they got closer could attack Japan and they got closer and closerand closer

The Battle of Iwo JimaThe Battle of Iwo Jima

This battle was a key victory for the United This battle was a key victory for the United States where they captured back the States where they captured back the island of Iwo Jimaisland of Iwo Jima

Victory over JapanVictory over Japan

By the summer of 1945, the US was close By the summer of 1945, the US was close enough to invade Japanenough to invade Japan

However, Harry Truman, our new However, Harry Truman, our new president, thought it would be too president, thought it would be too dangerous for our troopsdangerous for our troops

He decided to go with a different plan…He decided to go with a different plan…

The Atomic BombThe Atomic Bomb

The Atomic BombThe Atomic Bomb

A powerful bomb that can destroy an A powerful bomb that can destroy an entire cityentire city

President Truman hoped that the bomb President Truman hoped that the bomb would be able to end the warwould be able to end the war

On Aug. 6, 1945, an American plane On Aug. 6, 1945, an American plane dropped an atomic bomb on the city of dropped an atomic bomb on the city of HiroshimaHiroshima

The explosion killed nearly 100,000 peopleThe explosion killed nearly 100,000 people

HiroshimaHiroshima

NagasakiNagasaki

Three days later, the US dropped another Three days later, the US dropped another atomic bomb on the city of Nagasakiatomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki

The emperor, Hirohito, soon surrenderedThe emperor, Hirohito, soon surrendered

August 14, 1945 became known as V-J August 14, 1945 became known as V-J Day!Day!

Destruction of WarDestruction of War

Now that the war was over, people had to Now that the war was over, people had to face the massive destruction it had causedface the massive destruction it had caused

Many soldiers and civilians had been killedMany soldiers and civilians had been killed

Cities laid in ruinsCities laid in ruins

Civilians were left without jobs, food, and Civilians were left without jobs, food, and homeshomes

The HolocaustThe Holocaust

Before and during the war, the Nazis had Before and during the war, the Nazis had been putting people in concentration been putting people in concentration campscamps

The people they put there included Jews, The people they put there included Jews, gypsies, and people with disabilitiesgypsies, and people with disabilities

Conditions were terrible in these campsConditions were terrible in these camps

People were forced to work, were beaten, People were forced to work, were beaten, starved, and killedstarved, and killed

Hitler’s “Final Solution”Hitler’s “Final Solution”

His final solution was a plan of mass His final solution was a plan of mass murdermurder

The mass murder was called the The mass murder was called the HolocaustHolocaust

Only when the war was over did people Only when the war was over did people realize what Hitler had been doingrealize what Hitler had been doing

Over 12 million people had been killed, 6 Over 12 million people had been killed, 6 million of them Jewsmillion of them Jews