World War II. Womens Auxillary Army Corps (WAACs) women in the army Womens Auxillary Army Corps (WAACs) women in the army Womens Air Force Service Pilots.

World War IIWorld War II

World War IIWorld War II Women’s Auxillary Army Corps (WAACs)Women’s Auxillary Army Corps (WAACs)

women in the armywomen in the army

Women’s Air Force Service Pilots Women’s Air Force Service Pilots (WASPs)(WASPs)

women in the air forcewomen in the air force

WAVESWAVES

women in the navywomen in the navy

World War IIWorld War II The entire economy The entire economy

needed to be needed to be focused on the war focused on the war effort.effort.

Automobiles Automobiles → → TanksTanks

More women began More women began working in the working in the factories.factories.

World War IIWorld War II Office of Price Administration Office of Price Administration

(OPA)(OPA) fought inflation by setting a fought inflation by setting a maximum price for most goods.maximum price for most goods.

War Productions Board (WPB)War Productions Board (WPB) - - chose companies to produce wartime chose companies to produce wartime products.products.

World War IIWorld War II RationingRationing - -

fixed amount of fixed amount of goods needed goods needed for the military.for the military.

Families Families received received coupons to buy coupons to buy meat, shoes, meat, shoes, coffee, gas, etc.coffee, gas, etc.

World War IIWorld War II About 120,000 Japanese Americans About 120,000 Japanese Americans

lived in the U.S. (West Coast).lived in the U.S. (West Coast).

NiseiNisei – Japanese born in the U.S. – Japanese born in the U.S.

Americans feared attack, invasion, or Americans feared attack, invasion, or sabotage.sabotage.

PREJUDICE PREJUDICE

World War IIWorld War II

Executive Executive Order 9066Order 9066

FDR ordered the FDR ordered the removal of removal of Japanese Japanese Americans from Americans from the West Coastthe West Coast

World War IIWorld War II Japanese Americans were forced to Japanese Americans were forced to

relocate to work/prison camps.relocate to work/prison camps.

World War IIWorld War II Korematsu vs. United States (1944)Korematsu vs. United States (1944) - -

Supreme Court ruled the Japanese internment Supreme Court ruled the Japanese internment camps as a “military necessity.”camps as a “military necessity.”

TIME OF CRISIS!!!TIME OF CRISIS!!!

““We can never fully right the wrongs of the past. We can never fully right the wrongs of the past. But we can take a clear stand for justice and But we can take a clear stand for justice and

recognize that serious injustices were done to the recognize that serious injustices were done to the Japanese Americans during WWII.”Japanese Americans during WWII.”

- President George Bush in 1990- President George Bush in 1990

War in War in EuropeEurope

World War IIWorld War II

AlliesAllies – Great Britain, Soviet Union, – Great Britain, Soviet Union, and the U.S.and the U.S.

AxisAxis – Germany, Italy, and Japan – Germany, Italy, and Japan

““Germany first”Germany first”

World War IIWorld War II Battle of the Atlantic . . . Battle of the Atlantic . . .

Hitler ordered German u-boats to sink Hitler ordered German u-boats to sink American ships.American ships.

Allies used sonar to detect submarines.Allies used sonar to detect submarines.

ENIGMA . . . ENIGMA . . .

Allies destroyed u-boats faster than Allies destroyed u-boats faster than Germany could build them!!!Germany could build them!!!

World War IIWorld War II In 1942 . . . In 1942 . . . Battle of StalingradBattle of Stalingrad (Soviet (Soviet

Union)Union)

Stalin ordered his troops to defend no matter Stalin ordered his troops to defend no matter what (1.1 million lives)!!!what (1.1 million lives)!!!

Napoleon . . . Napoleon . . .

TURNING POINT (EASTERN FRONT)TURNING POINT (EASTERN FRONT)

Soviets now attacked Germany!!!Soviets now attacked Germany!!!

World War IIWorld War II Stalin begged Allies to open a “second Stalin begged Allies to open a “second

front” in Western Europe.front” in Western Europe.

Not ready yet!!!Not ready yet!!!

Operation TorchOperation Torch – Allies invaded – Allies invaded North Africa.North Africa.

**Need to light a torch under Europe!!!****Need to light a torch under Europe!!!**

World War IIWorld War II Erwin RommelErwin Rommel

((Desert FoxDesert Fox) ) surrendered to surrendered to Allies in May Allies in May 1943.1943.

Allied troops now Allied troops now marched to Italy.marched to Italy.

World War IIWorld War II Tuskegee AirmenTuskegee Airmen - African-American - African-American

pilots who fought successfully in Italy.pilots who fought successfully in Italy.

World War IIWorld War II

Tehran ConferenceTehran Conference – Churchill, Stalin, – Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt met in 1943 to discuss a and Roosevelt met in 1943 to discuss a two-front war against Germany.two-front war against Germany.

““Big Big ThreeThree””

World War IIWorld War II READY . . . READY . . .

D-Day (Operation Overlord)D-Day (Operation Overlord) – June 6, – June 6, 1944 - Allied invasion at Normandy, 1944 - Allied invasion at Normandy, FranceFrance

Nearly 3 million Allied troops Nearly 3 million Allied troops

TURNING POINTTURNING POINT

World War IIWorld War II Dwight D. Dwight D.

EisenhowerEisenhower commanded commanded allall Allied troops in Allied troops in France. France.

World War IIWorld War II George C. PattonGeorge C. Patton

commanded the commanded the U.S. Third Army U.S. Third Army against the against the Germans.Germans.

““Blood ‘n Guts”Blood ‘n Guts”

““Lafayette, we are Lafayette, we are here againhere again””

World War IIWorld War II Battle of the Bulge . . . Battle of the Bulge . . .

Hitler lost soldiers and weapons that Hitler lost soldiers and weapons that couldn’t be replaced.couldn’t be replaced.

Hitler’s last offensive attack . . . Hitler’s last offensive attack . . .

World War IIWorld War II

Soviet troops invaded Berlin, Germany.Soviet troops invaded Berlin, Germany.

Hitler was dead.Hitler was dead.

One week later, Eisenhower accepted One week later, Eisenhower accepted Germany’s surrender.Germany’s surrender.

V-E DayV-E Day – – May 8, 1945May 8, 1945

World War IIWorld War II

Liberated Nazi concentration camps . . . Liberated Nazi concentration camps . . .

HORRORHORROR

Nuremberg TrialsNuremberg Trials – Nazi leaders put – Nazi leaders put on trial for crimes against humanity and on trial for crimes against humanity and war crimes.war crimes.

““I was only following orders.”I was only following orders.”

War in the War in the PacificPacific

World War IIWorld War II ““Germany first”Germany first”

Japan continued to attack islands in the Japan continued to attack islands in the Pacific.Pacific.

General Douglas MacArthurGeneral Douglas MacArthur – – commander of Allied forces in the commander of Allied forces in the Philippines.Philippines.

1942 - “I shall return”1942 - “I shall return”

World War IIWorld War II 1942 . . . 1942 . . .

Doolittle’s RaidDoolittle’s Raid

U.S. bombed U.S. bombed Tokyo and other Tokyo and other Japanese cities.Japanese cities.

Boosted American Boosted American morale!!!morale!!!

World War IIWorld War II

1942 . . . 1942 . . . Battle of MidwayBattle of Midway

U.S. destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft U.S. destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft carriers, a cruiser, and 250 planes.carriers, a cruiser, and 250 planes.

TURNING POINT (Pacific)TURNING POINT (Pacific)

Island hoppingIsland hopping – Allies began winning – Allies began winning territory back from Japan island by territory back from Japan island by island.island.

World War IIWorld War II 1945 . . . 1945 . . . Battle of Iwo JimaBattle of Iwo Jima

Launching point . . . Launching point . . .

Heavily defended by the JapaneseHeavily defended by the Japanese

6,000 U.S. marines died6,000 U.S. marines died

World War IIWorld War II 1945 . . . 1945 . . . Battle for OkinawaBattle for Okinawa

Fierce fighting in the water and on land.Fierce fighting in the water and on land.

7,600 Americans died but 110,000 7,600 Americans died but 110,000 Japanese died.Japanese died.

Should the U.S. Should the U.S. invade Japan and invade Japan and risk losing more risk losing more American lives?American lives?

World War IIWorld War II President Harry Truman . . . President Harry Truman . . .

Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project – top-secret – top-secret project to build an atomic bomb.project to build an atomic bomb.

Albert Einstein . . . Albert Einstein . . .

“I am become death, the shatterer of worlds.”

- J. Robert Oppenheimer

World War IIWorld War II U.S. warned Japan of “prompt and utter U.S. warned Japan of “prompt and utter

destruction.”destruction.”

August 6, 1945 – U.S. dropped the first August 6, 1945 – U.S. dropped the first atomic bomb on atomic bomb on HiroshimaHiroshima

70,000 killed on impact70,000 killed on impact

Japanese leaders refused to surrender.Japanese leaders refused to surrender.

World War IIWorld War II Days later . . . U.S. Days later . . . U.S.

dropped the second dropped the second atomic bomb on atomic bomb on NagasakiNagasaki

39,000 killed on 39,000 killed on impactimpact

September 2, 1945September 2, 1945 V-J DayV-J Day