World Bank

ByMelnicenco Tatiana

Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova

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The World Bank, established in The World Bank, established in 1944, is headquartered in 1944, is headquartered in Washington, D.C. We have more Washington, D.C. We have more than 10,000 employees in more than 10,000 employees in more than 100 offices worldwide.than 100 offices worldwide.

WORKING FOR A WORLD FREE OF POVERTY

The World Bank is a vital source of The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. developing countries around the world. Its mission is to fight poverty with Its mission is to fight poverty with passion and professionalism for lasting passion and professionalism for lasting results and to help people help results and to help people help themselves and their environment by themselves and their environment by providing resources, sharing providing resources, sharing knowledge, building capacity and knowledge, building capacity and forging partnerships in the public and forging partnerships in the public and private sectors. private sectors.

Reconstruction remains an important part of its work. Reconstruction remains an important part of its work. However, the global challenges in the world compel it However, the global challenges in the world compel it to focus on: to focus on:

poverty reduction and the sustainable growth in the poverty reduction and the sustainable growth in the poorest countries, especially in Africa; , especially in Africa;

solutions to the special challenges of solutions to the special challenges of post-conflict countries and fragile states; ;

development solutions with customized services as development solutions with customized services as well as financing for well as financing for middle-income countries;

regional and regional and global issues that cross national that cross national borders--climate change, infectious diseases, and borders--climate change, infectious diseases, and trade; trade;

greater development and opportunity in the greater development and opportunity in the Arab world; ;

pulling together the best pulling together the best global knowledge to support to support development.development.

Challenge:Challenge:

Its mission is to help developing countries and their Its mission is to help developing countries and their people reach the goals by working with our partners people reach the goals by working with our partners to alleviate poverty. It address global challenges in to alleviate poverty. It address global challenges in ways that advance an inclusive and sustainable ways that advance an inclusive and sustainable globalization—that overcome poverty, enhance globalization—that overcome poverty, enhance growth with care for the environment, and create growth with care for the environment, and create individual opportunity and hope.individual opportunity and hope.

Six strategic themes drive our efforts. By focusing on Six strategic themes drive our efforts. By focusing on these strategic themes, the Bank delivers technical, these strategic themes, the Bank delivers technical, financial and other assistance to those most in need financial and other assistance to those most in need and where it can have the greatest impact and and where it can have the greatest impact and promote growth: to the poorest countries, fragile promote growth: to the poorest countries, fragile states and the Arab world; to middle-income states and the Arab world; to middle-income countries; to solving global public goods issues; and to countries; to solving global public goods issues; and to delivering knowledge and learning services. delivering knowledge and learning services.

Total member Total member countries in each countries in each institution:institution:   The International Bank for Reconstruction The International Bank for Reconstruction

and Development (IBRD) and Development (IBRD) 186186 The International Development Association The International Development Association

(IDA) (IDA) 169169 The International Finance Corporation (IFC) The International Finance Corporation (IFC)

The Multilateral Investment Guarantee The Multilateral Investment Guarantee

Agency (MIGA) Agency (MIGA) 175175 The International Centre for Settlement of The International Centre for Settlement of

Investment Disputes (ICSID) Investment Disputes (ICSID) 144144  

The World Bank's two closely affiliated The World Bank's two closely affiliated entities—the International Bank for entities—the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)—Development Association (IDA)—provide low or no interest loans provide low or no interest loans (credits) and grants to countries that (credits) and grants to countries that have unfavorable or no access to have unfavorable or no access to international credit markets. Unlike international credit markets. Unlike other financial institutions, we do not other financial institutions, we do not operate for profit. operate for profit.

Where does the money Where does the money come from to operate the come from to operate the World Bank:Fund World Bank:Fund generationgeneration IBRD lending to developing countries is IBRD lending to developing countries is

primarily financed by selling AAA-rated bonds in primarily financed by selling AAA-rated bonds in the world's financial markets. While IBRD earns the world's financial markets. While IBRD earns a small margin on this lending, the greater a small margin on this lending, the greater proportion of its income comes from lending out proportion of its income comes from lending out its own capital. This capital consists of reserves its own capital. This capital consists of reserves built up over the years and money paid in from built up over the years and money paid in from the Bank's 185 member country shareholders. the Bank's 185 member country shareholders.

IDA is the world's largest source of interest-free IDA is the world's largest source of interest-free loans and grant assistance to the poorest loans and grant assistance to the poorest countries. IDA's funds are replenished every countries. IDA's funds are replenished every three years by 40 donor countries. three years by 40 donor countries.

Loans :Loans :

Through the IBRD and IDA, we offer two basic Through the IBRD and IDA, we offer two basic types of loans and credits: types of loans and credits: investment operations and development policy operations..

Countries use investment operations for goods, Countries use investment operations for goods, works and services in support of economic works and services in support of economic and social development projects in a broad and social development projects in a broad range of economic and social sectors. range of economic and social sectors. Development policy operations (formerly Development policy operations (formerly known as adjustment loans) provide quick-known as adjustment loans) provide quick-disbursing financing to support a country’s disbursing financing to support a country’s policy and institutional reforms.policy and institutional reforms.

Analytic and Advisory Analytic and Advisory Services:Services: While we are best known as a financier, While we are best known as a financier,

another of our roles is to provide analysis, another of our roles is to provide analysis, advice and information to our member advice and information to our member countries so they can deliver the lasting countries so they can deliver the lasting economic and social improvements their economic and social improvements their people need. WB do this in various ways. One people need. WB do this in various ways. One is through is through economic research and data collection on on broad issues such as the environment, poverty, broad issues such as the environment, poverty, trade and globalization Another is through trade and globalization Another is through country-specific, non-lending activities such as economic and sector work, where we evaluate a country's economic , where we evaluate a country's economic prospects by examining its banking systems prospects by examining its banking systems and financial markets.and financial markets.

Staff:Staff:

A diverse staff of more than 10,000 employees A diverse staff of more than 10,000 employees from over 160 countries works at the World from over 160 countries works at the World Bank. Two-thirds of us are based in Bank. Two-thirds of us are based in Washington, DC, while the remaining third Washington, DC, while the remaining third are at work in more than 100 country offices are at work in more than 100 country offices in the developing world. We are economists, in the developing world. We are economists, educators, environmental scientists, financial educators, environmental scientists, financial analysts, and managers, as well as foresters, analysts, and managers, as well as foresters, agronomists, engineers, information agronomists, engineers, information technology specialists and social scientists, technology specialists and social scientists, to name a few. to name a few.

These are examples of important These are examples of important global partnerships in which the global partnerships in which the World Bank participates:World Bank participates:

Onchocerciasis Control Program (OCP)Onchocerciasis Control Program (OCP) Consultative Group for International Agricultural Consultative Group for International Agricultural

Research (CGIAR) Research (CGIAR) Global Environment Facility (GEF) Global Environment Facility (GEF) Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest (CGAP) Consultative Group to Assist the Poorest (CGAP) Education for All Education for All Global Water Partnership (GWP) Global Water Partnership (GWP) The Carbon Fund The Carbon Fund Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening Initiative Financial Sector Reform and Strengthening Initiative

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