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Wireless Power Charging System Through Magnetic Induction Tamim Alkhonaini UBong Udoessien Nadeem Qandeel Advisor: Dr. Aiping Yao | Committee: Dr. Michael Glazos, Dr. Mark Petzold
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Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Feb 13, 2017

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Page 1: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Wireless Power Charging System Through Magnetic Induction

Tamim AlkhonainiUBong UdoessienNadeem Qandeel

Advisor: Dr. Aiping Yao | Committee: Dr. Michael Glazos, Dr. Mark Petzold

Page 2: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Outline1. Background2. Problem Statement3. Goals4. Project Description5. Modifications6. Test/ Verification7. Problems8. Future Work9. Budget10.Conclusion

Page 3: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Background1. Wireless energy transfer since 1800’s.2. Interest in new applications for consumer

products. 3. Applications could extend to higher power, e.g.

electric vehicles.4. Industry standard which all products conform

to.5. Wireless Power Consortium; Qi Standard.6. Different devices will charge with each others

wireless charging device.

Page 4: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Problem Statement

Design and implement a wireless phone charging system, in compliance with Qi standard, that will transfer around 5W of power to a mobile device, using inductive coupling.

Page 5: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Goals• First semester1. Charge a mobile phone wirelessly through inductive coupling.2. Using transmitter unit, reciever unit and Arduino. 3. Connect LCD and weight sensor.

• Second semester1. Establish communication between receiver and transmitter. 2. Ensure a 80% power transfer efficiency. 3. Base station will charge multiple mobile devices simultaneously.

Page 6: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Project Description● Transmitter Unit (Base station).● Receiver Unit.● Control/ Communication Unit.

Page 7: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Project Description: Transmitter Unit

● Step Down Transformer○ 240V/12v

● Half Bridge Inverter: Converts DC to AC ○ 12V VDD○ 5V, (110 KHz - 205 Khz), 50% Duty Cycle○ 2N7002 Mosfets (2)

● Resonant Circuit: Converts AC square wave to sinusoidal wave○ Primary Coil (12.5uH)○ Capacitor (0.147uC)

Page 8: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Project Description: Transmitter Unit

LTSpice Simulation of Transmitter circuit.

Page 9: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Project Description: Receiver Unit The receiver unit is responsible for picking up AC signal from the transmitter unit using secondary coils, and then convert it to DC voltage to charge the phone.

Page 10: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Project Description: Receiver Unit Receiver unit consists of:● Resonant Circuit: AC filter. ( L = 16 uH, Cs=127 nF, Cd= 1.6 nF)● Full bridge rectifier: convert from AC to DC. (Four 1N4148

diodes) ● Low-pass filtering capacitance: 22uF● voltage regulator: regulate voltage to 5 V. (LM7805C)

Page 11: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Project Description: Control /Communication Unit

Arduino Uno● Control switching frequency of system using PWM.● Control LCD output.● Receives input from weight sensor.

Communication● Send instructions from receiver to transmitter regarding:

o Start and stop charging.o Amount of power supplied.

Page 12: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Modifications● Transmitter circuit

○ Use of half Bridge Inverter ○ Half bridge Driver IC to maximize switching speed.

● Receiver circuit○ Add resonant capacitor to have a stronger signal which will

increase the efficiency. ● Communication and Control

○ NFC as an alternative to Bluetooth.○ Automatic connection (No Pairing). ○ Tag doesn't require Power.○ 2 PWM’s instead of 4.○ Use less than 4 buttons for LCD.

Page 13: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification

Generation of PWM signal● Desired frequency range 100 KHz - 200 KHz

(recommended 125 KHz)● Duty cycle range (0%<d<100%) ● Amplitude 4. 7 V● Noise 0.5-0.9 %

Page 14: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification.

Weight Sensor● Sensitivity 10 g - 1 Kg● Active area 4cm x 4cm

Page 15: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification

LCD ● Display phone information.

LED’s● Light indicators

Page 16: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification

Testing Results (Receiver unit):A phone was tested while it is charging to measure the exact charging voltage and current. ● Phone type: iphone 4s● Voltage: 4.75 V● Current: 0.77 A● Power: 3.66 W

Page 17: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification

The Receiver circuit was designed and simulated by using LTspice.

Page 18: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification

LED experiment was done to test the magnetic induction between primary and secondary coils. ● Using a function generator, the primary coil was supplied by:

120 KHz sine wave, 8 Vpp. ● 120 KHz → weak light , 230 KHz → strong light.

Page 19: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Test/Verification

Transmitter unit: ● Load Voltage: 2.4V,50% Duty cycle,

110 Khz.● Load current: 0.16A.● Load Resistor: 15 Ohms.● Dimly lit LED, No coupling.

Page 20: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

ProblemsTransmitter UnitThe ultimate goal of the Tx circuit is to achieve a high voltage and low current. Expected Outputs: 6V, 0.4AExperimental Outputs: 2.4V at 50% duty cycle.

● Cross Conduction● Slow switching due to CMOS inverter low current.

Some Problems.

Possible Solutions.● Use a half-bridge driver ic.

Page 21: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

ProblemsReceiver Unit:The goal of the receiver circuit is to charge a phone. Expected Outputs: 4.8 V, 0.8 AExperimental Outputs: 4.70 V, 0.047 A

● output current is very low <0.05 A● Secondary coil can not pick up a signal from transmitter unit.

Some Problems:

Possible Solutions:● Use a transistor as a current

amplifier.

Page 22: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Future Work

● Addition of NFC Reader and Tag to transmitter and receiver unit respectively.

● Improve circuitry for both transmitter and receiver.

● Use PWM generated from UNO to run transmitter circuit.

● Producing a document comparing research and findings.

Page 23: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Future Work

• First semester modified schedule.

• Second semester plan of work.

Task Start Date Duration (Days) End DateFirst Semester

Research 1/12/2015 34 2/15/2015Proposal 1/20/2015 31 2/20/2015Shopping 3/15/2015 15 4/1/2015

Design & Simulation 2/28/2015 5 3/5/2015Parts Testing 3/3/2015 7 3/10/2015

Transmitter Testing 3/20/2015 30 4/19/2015Receiver Testing 3/20/2015 30 4/19/2015Arduino Testing 3/23/2015 23 4/15/2015

Transmitter & Receiver 4/20/2015 6 4/26/2015Progress Report 4/21/2015 14 5/5/2015Hardware Demo 4/27/2015 4 5/1/2015

Second SemesterTransmitter & Receiver 9/5/2015 20 9/25/2015

Communication 9/15/2015 30 10/15/2015Evaluation 10/20/2015 5 10/25/2015

Improvements 10/25/2015 31 11/25/2015Final Hardware Demo 12/7/2015 3 12/10/2015

Final Report 11/20/2015 26 12/16/2015

Page 24: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Future WorkGANTT Chart for both 1st and 2nd semester

Research

Shopping

Parts Testing

Receiver Testing

Transmitter & Receiver

Hardware Demo

Transmitter & Receiver

Evaluation

Final Hardware Demo

Page 25: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Budgetitem Price per Unit Number of

unitsTotal price

LCD Display Board

$ 20.00 1 $ 20.00

Transmitter Coils $ 10.00 1 $ 10.00

Receiver Coils $ 8.00 1 $ 8.00

Arduino $ 30.00 1 $ 30.00

Bluetooth Module $ 35.00 1 $ 35.00

Sensor $ 4.00 1 $ 4.00

USB breakout $ 10.00 1 $ 10.00

Shipping   $ 30.00

1st semester total cost is $ 147.00

item Price per unit

Number of units

Total price

Sensors $ 4.00 3 $ 12.00

Transmitter Coils

$ 10.00 3 $ 30.00

Receiver Coils

$ 8.00 1 $ 8.00

Shipping   $ 30.00

2nd semester total cost is $ 80.00

Page 26: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

What’s learned!

Based on research, simulation and experimentaion we learned about power conversion, system integration and requirements for wireless charging in mobile devices.

Page 27: Wirless Charging Progress Presentation

Conclusion

Modifications to the project based on new information about Qi standard and problems encountered, will lead to improvements in the design and circuitry of the project. This will allow for efficient power transfer and communication between the base station and a mobile device.