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WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION BY SOLAR POWER SATELLITE ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT SUBMITTED BY: BHASKAR PRAKASH ABES ENGG. COLLEGE GHAZIABAD
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Wireless power transmission

Nov 16, 2014

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wirless power transmission
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Page 1: Wireless power transmission

WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION BY

SOLAR POWER SATELLITE

ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

SUBMITTED BY:

BHASKAR PRAKASH

ABES ENGG. COLLEGE

GHAZIABAD

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Introduction. What & why WPT? History. How it works? What is SPS How it works? Applications & impacts. Current Technology. Future Aspects. Merits and demerits. Conclusion.

Slide Plan

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Wireless Power Transmission

INTRODUCTION

One of the major issues in power system is the losses occurring during the transmission and distribution of electrical power

The percentage of loss of power during transmission and distribution is approximated as 26%.

The main reason for power loss during transmission and distribution is the resistance of wires used in grid.

According to the World Resources Institute (WRI), India’s electricity grid has the highest transmission and distribution losses in the world – a whopping 27-40%.

Tesla has proposed methods of transmission of electricity using electromagnetic induction.

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Wireless Power Transmission

4What is WPT?

As the word wireless means “without wire”.

Wireless energy transfer or wireless power is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electric load without interconnecting man made conductors.

Wireless transmission is useful in cases where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous or impossible.

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Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by Nikola Tesla

Started efforts on wireless transmission at 1891 in his “experimental station” at Colorado

He lighted a small incandescent lamp by means of a resonant circuit grounded on one end.

William C. Brown, the pioneer in wireless power transmission technology

The idea of Tesla is taken in to research after 100 years by a team led by Marin Soljačić from MIT

HISTORY

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Human beings or other objects placed between the transmitter and receiver do not hinder the transmission of power.

Magnetic field tend to interact very weakly with the biological tissues of the body, and so are not prone to cause any damage to any living being

How Safe Is WPT??

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-Solar Power Satellite-

Solar Power Satellites (SPS) have proposed to collect solar energy in space and beam it down to the Earth.

…SPS…

SPS

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Solar energy is captured using photocells

Each SPS may have 400 million photocells

Transmitted to earth in the form of microwaves/LASER

Using rectenna/photovoltaic cell, the energy is converted to electrical energy

Efficiency exceeds 95% if microwave is used. GPS

SPS (contd..)

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9Why to use sps????

There is no air in space, so the satellites would receive somewhat more intense sunlight, 3 times stronger than on the surface.

unaffected by weather.

The SPS concept is simpler than most power systems here on earth. it can be collected 24 hours per day .

since there are no clouds or night in high Earth orbit). SPS does not use up valuable surface area on the Earth

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Wireless Power Transmission

10How SPS works?????

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12Four basic steps involved in the conversion of solar energy to electricity and delivery are:

Capture solar energy in space and convert it to electricity

Transform the electricity to radio frequency energy and transmit it

to Earth

Receive the radio frequency energy on Earth and convert it back to electricity

Provide the electricity to the utility grid

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Wireless Power Transmission

Rectenna Stands for rectifying antenna Consists of mesh of dipoles and diodes Converts microwave to its DC equivalent Usually multi-element phased array

Rectenna in US

power from SPSreceives 5000MW of Rectenna in US

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Wireless Power Transmission

14 Merits Eliminates the transmission line cables

Cost of transmission and distribution become less

Power could be transmitted to the places where the wired transmission is not possible.

Loss of transmission is negligible level

Safer by eliminating the sparking hazard

Zero fuel cost

Zero co emission

Low maintenance cost

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Wireless Power Transmission

15 Demerits

The Capital Cost for practical implementation of WPT seems to be very high.

Interference of microwave with present communication systems.

Common belief fears the effect of microwave radiation.

initial cost is high.

Geosynchronous satellites would take up large sections of space

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Wireless Power Transmission

Applications

Moving targets such as fuel free airplanes, electric vehicles, moving robots.

High-altitude, long-endurance aircraft maintained at a desired location for weeks or months at 20 km for communications and surveillance instead of satellites, at greatly reduced costs

Ubiquitous Power Source (or) Wireless Power Source, Wireless sensors .

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It is one of the biggest challenges in today's world to transmit energy in rough terrain like mountains, forest, and sea. Ex. Google balloon

A verified SPICE model of wireless transmission has been considered for the efficiency calculation along with the mathematical approach.

Numerical calculation shows that 30-70% transmission efficiency can be achieved by using this model of transmission depending upon the transmission distance and diameter of the antenna.

FUTURE ASPECTS

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The power failure due to short circuit and electric faults would not be possible at all.

Wireless Power Transmission

Transmission without wires- a reality Efficient Low maintenance cost. But, high initial cost Better than conventional wired transfer Energy crisis can be decreased Low loss In near future, world will be completely wireless

Conclusion

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THANK YOU!