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WiMax Solutions Division WiMAX Network Architecture Kuo-Hui Li, PhD WiMAX Solutions Division Intel Mobility Group June 05, 2006
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WiMAX Network Architecture

Nov 13, 2014

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Page 1: WiMAX Network Architecture

WiMax SolutionsDivision

WiMAX Network Architecture

Kuo-Hui Li, PhDWiMAX Solutions Division

Intel Mobility GroupJune 05, 2006

Page 2: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide2 WiMax Solutions Division

Internet

Radio AccessControl/Mngmt.

WiMAXAccess Network

Radio AccessData Plane

NSPCore PSTN

ASP

Network AccessProvider (NAP)

Network ServiceProvider (NSP)

M:N NAP – NSP relationship enablingwholesale/unbundled

access

Generic Mobile WiMAX Architectural Model

ASP – Application Service Provider

Flexible Network Operator Relationships• Supports infrastructure access unbundling

from IP connectivity services • Supports Multiple Virtual Network Operator concept

Page 3: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide3 WiMax Solutions Division

Key Architecture Features• All IP radio access and core transport network

Based on IEEE* 802.16/e and IETF protocols• Support for all usage models (fixed to fully

mobile)• Access to incumbent core networks via

interworking functions• Open interfaces both within the RAN, and

between the RAN and the core network• Support for voice, data and multimedia services

with appropriate QoS

Page 4: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide4 WiMax Solutions Division

Network Reference Model (NRM)

BS

BSMobile

SubscriberStation

ASN

ASNGW(FA)R6 CSN

NSP

R1R3

Another ASN

R4

R2

AnotherOperator’s

CSN

R5

Roaming

R6HA AAA

NAP

ASN – Access Services Network NAP – Network Access ProviderCSN – Core Services Network NSP – Network Service ProviderBS – Base Station HA – Home AgentFA – Foreign Agent AAA – Authentication, Authorization, & Accounting

Page 5: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide5 WiMax Solutions Division

Key Network Features• AAA with CSN for homers and roamers

IEEE 802.16 security framework extended to cover mobility scenariosRADIUS for AAA, evolving to DIAMETER

• QoSBased on subscriptionPolicy enforcement

• Mobility managementMobility management is tiered

Intra-ASNInter-ASNInter-CSN when V-CSN supports the HA for mobile IP

• Wimax/3G Interworking• Charging

Common Billing with CSN but different CDR (Call Detail Record) collectorsCommon Billing with common CDR collector

• ProtocolsSupport for both IPv4 and IPv6

Page 6: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide6 WiMax Solutions Division

Network Nodes

BS

Internet

Short Distance

(e.g., Coax, Fiber transport of RF is under consideration)

Backhaul(L2/L3 Tunnel)

ASN-GW/FA

Network internal(e.g., L2/L3 Tunnel)

ASN Core

Physically connected to antenna

At the Local Switching

Center

WiMAX Air Interface

MSS

Home Agent (HA)

AAA

Page 7: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide7 WiMax Solutions Division

ASN Profiles• Multiple ASN Profiles have been specified in WiMAX as a tool to

manage diversity in ASN node usage and implementationVendors (esp. BS) very concerned that they will be forced to implement every protocol option in the specificationWe cannot preclude any topological variant from serving any usage or deployment/Interworking scenario

• Release 1 of NWG Specifications on WiMAX supports 3 ASN Profiles:

Profile A: Centralized ASN Model with BS and ASN GW in separate platforms through R6 interfaceSplit RRM: RRA in BS and RRC in ASN-GWOpen interfaces for Profile A: R1, R6, R4, and R3

Profile B: Distributed ASN solution with the BS and ASN GW functionalities implemented in a single platform Open interfaces Profile B: R4 and R3

Profile C: Similar to Profile A, except for RRM being non-split and located in BS.

Page 8: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide8 WiMax Solutions Division

ASN Profile A

NSP

Air Interface

MS

BS

BS

R1

R4

R2

R3

ASNProfile A

R4

R3

Internet

R6

ASN GW (FA)

ASP

R6

ASN GW (FA)

BS ASN-GW

•HO•Data Path 1 & 2•Authentication Relay•Paging Agent•Key Receiver•Context•RRA•SF Management

•HO•Data Path 1 & 2•Authenticator•Key Distributor•Context•RRC•SF Authorization

•DHCP Proxy/Relay•MIP FA•Location Register•PMIP Client•AAA Client•Paging Controller

Separate BS and ASN-GW, Split RRM

Page 9: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide9 WiMax Solutions Division

ASN Profile B

Air Interface

MS

BS+ASN GW (FA)

BS+ASN GW (FA)

R1

R4

R2

ASN Profile B

BS + ASN-GW•HO•Data Path 1 & 2•Authenticator•Key Receiver + Distrib.•Context•SFA + SFM

•RRA + RRC•DHCP Proxy/Relay•MIP FA•Location Register•PMIP Client/Assistant•AAA Client

R4

R3

NSPR3

Internet

Combined BS, ASN-GW

Page 10: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide10 WiMax Solutions Division

ASN Profile C

NSP

Air Interface

MS

BS

BS

R1

R4

R2

R3

ASNProfile C

R4

R3

Internet

R6

ASN GW (FA)

ASP

R6

ASN GW (FA)

BS ASN-GW

•HO•Data Path 1 & 2•Authentication Relay•Paging Agent•Key Receiver•Context•RRA + RRC•SF Management

•HO•Data Path 1 & 2•Authenticator•Key Distributor•Context•SF Authorization

•DHCP Proxy/Relay•MIP FA•Location Register•PMIP Client•AAA Client•Paging Controller

Separate BS and ASN-GW, RRM in BS

Page 11: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide11 WiMax Solutions Division

ASN Profiles Comparisons

•Distributed platform•Separate BS and ASN-GW•RRM at BS

•Distributed platform•Combined BS and ASN-GW

•Centralized platform•Separate BS and ASN-GW•Split RRM: RRA at BS and RRC at ASN-GW

Descriptions

•Extra backhauls for RRM messages

•Able to provide simplified pico-cell•Able to get BS and ASN-GW from different vendors

Profile C

•Difficult to customize IP and wireless functions for operators•Expensive for large-scale deployment

•Simple architecture•Suitable for small-scale deployment

Profile B

•Difficult Interoperability between BS and ASN-GW from different vendors•Heavy workload at ASN-GW•Fewer vendors

•Able to provide simplified pico-cell•Able to provide soft handover•Fewer backhauls for RRM messages

Profile A

ConProASN Profile

Page 12: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide12 WiMax Solutions Division

AAA and Roaming Framework

• Non-Roaming Case

MS AAA Client

AAA Proxy

R1

BS

ASN-GWASN

R6

H-CSN

R3AAA Server

MS AAA Client

AAA Proxy

R1

BS

ASN-GWASN

R6

V-CSN

R3AAA Proxy/Server

H-CSN

AAA Proxy/ServerR5

• Roaming Case

Page 13: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide13 WiMax Solutions Division

QoS Framework•End-to-End QoS model

SS

Admission Control

BS

LPFLocal Policy Data

ASN

PFSubscriber

Data

Home NSP

Via R3 & R5

R1

LocalResource Info

ASN-GW

AF

Triggers QoS Requests

AF: Application Function(e.g., SIP Proxy)

PF: Policy Function

LPF: Local Policy Function

Page 14: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide14 WiMax Solutions Division

Mobility Framework

• Mobile IP basedProxy mobile IP

Client unaware of MIPStandard RFC methods implemented in network only

Client mobile IPAs per standard RFC

CoexistenceSupport for both MIP-aware and other clients

Page 15: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide15 WiMax Solutions Division

WiMAX-3G Interworking• Initial Interworking scenarios

Scenario 1 - Common Billing and Customer CareScenario 2 - 3GPP system based Access Control and ChargingScenario 3: Access to 3GPP system PS based servicesOther scenarios such Service continuity & Seamless services are in the future

• Loose couplingSingle subscription Roaming between WiMAX and 3G networks

• Requires WiMAX CSN IWU NodeProvides IP Connectivity between ASN & 3GPP CSN.Direct Internet connectivity to MSLocal IP address management (DHCP, DNS).NAT functionAAA proxy or pass-through for Wa interfaceBridges R3 interface with Wa and Wn interfaces of the CSN

Page 16: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide16 WiMax Solutions Division

3GPP Overlay (3GPP TS 23.234)

Page 17: WiMAX Network Architecture

Slide17 WiMax Solutions Division

3GPP/2 Interworking with IMS