William Kim and Nicole Kiess. Abstract Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function associated with aging. As aging takes.

William Kim and Nicole Kiess

Abstract

Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function associated with aging. As aging takes place, there is a sharp decrease in muscle mass and strength seen in both physically active individuals and physically inactive individuals. Sarcopenia is a major feature of aging in both humans and C. elegans, a model organism used for studying aging and longevity. Blueberry polyphenols have been found to increase the lifespan of C. elegans, seen in the pharynx contraction rate in adult C. elegans. C. elegans pumping rate of the pharynx is an indication of the age for the pumping rate of the pharynx decreases with age. Using various concentrations of different fruit polyphenols the lifespan of C. elegans will be measured by observing the pharynx contraction rate. Seventy-five worms will be fed two different concentrations of plum polyphenols, fifty C. elegans will be fed three different concentrations of strawberry polyphenols, and there will be one-hundred fifty worms in the control group. They all will be fed an equal amount of each fruit polyphenol. The average pumping rate of the pharynx per minute will be measured with the use of a Motic camera attached to a Zeiss Axiovert 40 CFL microscope.

The Effect of Fruit Polyphenols on the Longevity of C. elegans

Figure 1: Muscle Mass Associated with Aging

Need

Caenorhabditis elegans

http://www.imsc.res.in/~sitabhra/research/neural/celegans/celegans.gif

http://shirleywho.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/c-elegans_esa.jpg

Image 1: C. elegans external appearance Image 2: C. elegans internal appearance

C. Elegans Life Cycle

http://www.sfu.ca/biology/faculty/hutter/hutterlab/research/pictures/Ce_life_cycle.gif

Image 3: C. elegans Life Cycle

Pharynx of C. elegans

http://www.wormbook.org/chapters/www_organformation/organformation.html

Image 4: Pharyngeal Structure of Caenorhabditis elegans

Fig. 2 Blueberry polyphenols extend lifespan and slow aging in C. elegans

Literature Review

Wilson et. al. 2006

Literature Review

Figure 3: Blueberry polyphenols extend lifespan and slow aging in C. elegans

Literature Review

Figure 4: Structural and functional declines in C. elegans pharynx from days 2-10.

Chow et. al. 2006

Literature Review

Figure 5: Visible Structural Decline in C. elegans as a result of Sarcopenia Herndon et. al. (2002)

PurposeTherefore the purpose of this experiment is to test the ability of different concentrations of fruit polyphenols on the prolonging of lifespan in C. elegans.

HypothesisH(0): The pelargonidin chloride will show no effect on the prolonging of lifespan in C. elegans.H(0): The cyanidin chloride will show no effect on the prolonging of lifespan in C. elegans

H(a): The pelargonidin chloride will show a positive increase in the lifespan of C. elegans.H(a): The cyanidin chloride will show a positive increase in the lifespan of C. elegans.

Methodology

Caenorhabditis elegans

Control n = 150

Pelargonidin Chloride 200 ug/mln = 50

MeasurementAging of C. elegans measurement possible with the use of FUDR.

Statistical AnalysisANOVA run by SPSS followed by a Scheffe Post Hoc Test

Pelargonidin Chloride 100ug/ml n = 50

Pelargonidin Chloride 50ug/mln = 50

Cyanidin Chloride 200ug/mgn = 75

Cyanidin Chloride

50ug/ml

N= 75

Pelgargonidin ChorideN = 150

Cyanidin ChorideN = 150

Protocols for Measurement

Fruit polyphenol extracts is added to NGM agar plates of C. elegans on the first day of the lifespan assay

Lifespan scoring is initiated after hermaphrodites complete their final larval molt, on the first day of adulthood

Pharynx pumping rates are measured on days 4, 6, 8, and 10 of C. elegans adulthood

Protocols for Measurement

Pharynx contraction rate recorded with Motic Plus camera attached to a stereomicroscope

Pumps per minute measured

http://www.technicalvideo.com/photos/ElegansPharynx.jpg

Doability

Motic Plus with Stereomicroscope available in lab for pharynx contraction observation

Fruit polyphenols are easily obtainable C. elegans are easily obtainable and

culturable

BudgetVendorVendor Catalogue Catalogue

##PagePage ItemItem Item #Item # QuantiQuanti

tytyUnit $$Unit $$ Total $Total $

$$

Carolina Carolina Science 2009Science 2009

7878 248248 C. C. eleganselegans N2 (wild N2 (wild

type)type)

NP-17-NP-17-35003500

11 $10.95 (per $10.95 (per culture)culture)

$10.95$10.95

Caroline Caroline Science 2009Science 2009

7878 248248 NematodNematode Growth e Growth

AgarAgar

NP-17-NP-17-35203520

55 $6.25 (per $6.25 (per 135 ml 135 ml bottle)bottle)

$31.25$31.25

https://https://www.waters.cwww.waters.c

om/waters/om/waters/partDetail.htmpartDetail.htm

??partNumber=partNumber=WAT066224WAT066224

n/an/a n/an/a SymmetrSymmetry C18 y C18

Column, Column, 3.5 µm, 3.5 µm, 4.6 x 75 4.6 x 75

mmmm

WAT06WAT0662246224

11 $543.00$543.00 $543.0$543.000

Carolina Science Website

n/an/a n/an/a MethanolMethanol 874950 11 $5.75 per $5.75 per

500 mL500 mL$5.75$5.75

Total Price: $590.95

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