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WILDLIFE IN INDIA SOCIAL FA 1
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Wildlife ppt.sar amazingg wildlife in india ..!!!!

Dec 12, 2014

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amazing and wonderful ppt on wildlifeee whcih is useful for studentss of class 9th
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Page 1: Wildlife ppt.sar  amazingg wildlife in india ..!!!!

WILDLIFE IN INDIA

SOCIAL FA 1

Page 2: Wildlife ppt.sar  amazingg wildlife in india ..!!!!

VIDEO ON WILDLIFE

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Acknowledgment

I Would like to thank my school principal and my class teacher Mrs.Veena for giving me a good opportunity to do this projectI would also like to thank my friends for helping me do this project.

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CONTENT1.Introduction to wildlife2. Fauna3.Our colonial forest polices4.Biosphere Reserves5. Conservation of wildlife6. Types of wildlife resources7. Project tiger8. National parks9.Wildlife sanctuaries10. Bibliography11. Conclusion

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Indian Wildlife

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IntroductionThe Wildlife in India is a mix of species of

different types of organisms.

It is home to tigers, lions, leopards, snow leopards, pythons, wolves, foxes, bears, crocodiles,

rhinoceroses, camels, wild dogs, monkeys, snakes, antelope species, deer species, varieties of bison and

not to mention the mighty Asian elephant.

The region's rich and diverse wildlife is preserved in 89 national parks, 13 Bio reserves and 400+ wildlife sanctuaries across the country.India has some of the

most biodiversity regions of the world and hosts three of the world’s 34 biodiversity hotspots – or treasure-houses – that is the Western Ghats, the

Eastern Himalayas and Indo- Burma

Since India is home to a number of rare and threatened animal species, wildlife management in the country is essential to preserve these species. According to one study, India along with 17 mega diverse countries is home to about 60-70% of the

world's biodiversity

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India is home to several well-known large mammals,

including the Asian Elephant, Bengal Tiger, Asiatic Lion,

Leopard, Sloth Bear and Indian

Rhinoceros, often engrained culturally and

religiously, often being associated

with deities.

Some other well-known large Indian

mammals are: ungulates

such as the rare Wild

Asian Water buffalo, common Domestic

Asian Water buffalo, Nilgai,

Gaur, and several

species of deer and antelope.

Some members of

the dog family, such as the Indian Wolf, Bengal Fox and Golden

Jackal, and the Dhole or Wild Dogs are also

widely distributed.

It is also home to the

Striped Hyena,

Macaques, Langurs and Mongoose species.

Fauna

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Biosphere reservesThe Bio-reserves in India are:Achanakmar-AmarkantakAgasthyamalaiDibru SaikhowaDihang DibangGreat NicobarGulf of MannarKachchhKangchenjungaManasNanda DeviThe NilgirisNokrekPachmarhiSimlipalSundarbansCold desertseshachalam hillsPannaof

Eight of the eighteen biosphere reserves are a part the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) list.

Gulf of Mannar Biosphere ReserveNanda Devi Biosphere ReserveNilgiri Biosphere ReserveNokrek National ParkPachmarhi Biosphere ReserveSimlipal National ParkSundarbans Biosphere ReserveAchanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve

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Conservation of resourcesWildlife is one of the most gracious gifts of nature to this land, which is as rich in its variety and colors as its number.The majestic lion, the grateful yet fearsome tiger, unproductive leopard, powerful elephant, the nimble deer, attractive antelope, the picturesque peafowl, the gorgeous pelican, the beautiful parakeets, wood-pecker and the elegant flamingo are some of these of which any country might be proud.

There are 312 species of mammals, 1175 species of birds, 399 species of reptiles, 60000 species of insects and 181 species of amphibians and 46610 species of plants. Over the past 2000 years about 106 species of animals and about 140 species of birds have become extinct because of climate and geographic changes and also by over hunting by man for food, medicine, fur and many other reasons. According to ecologist more than 600 species of animals and birds are expected to be extinct if not protected by wildlife management.Wildlife Management is an ancient phenomenon. Vedas contain hymns in praise of animals. Sanatana Dharma has linked some animals with the specific God or Goddess as the best way of conservation of wildlife.

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The need for conservation

The need for conservation of wildlife in India is often questioned because of the apparently incorrect priority in the face of direct poverty of the people. However, Article 48 of the Constitution of India specifies that, "The state shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country" and Article 51-A states that "it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife and to have compassion for living creaturesLarge and charismatic mammals are important for wildlife tourism in India, and several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries cater to these needs.

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Our colonial forest policesAt the beginning of the 19th century more than two-thirds of the land mass in India was lying uncultivated (Singh, 1986). As lands close to village habitations were enough to satisfy the subsistence needs of the people, forests remote from habitations were generally never over-exploited. Often these virgin forests were concentrated in infertile highlands, where lived India’s indigenous communities, called adivasis or tribal's. The British presence from the late 18th century onwards started making a difference to land and forest usage in IndiaOn forest lands, ‘human resource-use practices such as grazing, product collection, and temporary or rotational swidden farming were rejected as a basis for ownership, even when taxes were paidBy the turn of the last century some 20 million hectares (m ha) of land was brought under a category of forests called Reserve Forests (Stebbing 1926). These were used exclusively for producing timber by the Forest Department (FD) and the surrounding villagers had no rights other than the ones explicitly permitted by the State.

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The second process of extending government control over forests was through acquisition of private forests

The larger tracts were handed over to the Forest Department generally as PF, and the rest were vested in the village panchayats which are under the overall supervision of the Revenue Department.

First, after the abolition of the princely states and landlordism, all uncultivated lands under their control became vested in the State.

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The fear is not baseless as the Bihar Private Forest Act and similar other enactment’s did precisely this in the past, by "nationalizing" private trees.

Even as late as 1987 a SIDA team promoting farm forestry in South Bihar encountered tribal's' fears that if they planted trees their lands would be taken away by the government

(GOB, 1987).

For several years after this take-over an impression has continued in the villages that if trees are planted on private lands, not only would the trees belong to Government but land on which such plantation takes

place would also revert to Government.

These laws were passed by the various state governments in the two decades following Independence. Massive felling of trees took place from these forests because of the fear that these forests would be

nationalized, as indeed they were in the 1950's and 60's.

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Project tiger

Project Tiger,

started in

1972,

is a major

effort to

conserve the tige

r and its

habitats.

Launched on April 1, 1973,

Project Tiger

has become

one of

the most

successful conservation ventures in modern

history.

The project aims at tige

r conservation in

specially

constituted

'tiger reserves' which are representative of various bio-geographical regions falling within Indi

a.

It strives to

maintain a viable tige

r population in

their

natural environment. Today, there are 39 Project Tiger wildlife

reserves in

India

coverin

g an area

more

than of 37,761 km²

.

After

this Project Elephant, though less known, started in

1992

and works for elephant

protection in

India

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Goals & Objectives Project Tiger was meant to identify the limiting factors and to mitigate them by suitable management.

The damages done to the habitat were to be rectified so as to facilitate the recovery of the ecosystem to the maximum possible extent.

The potential tiger habitats being covered are:[Sivalik–Terai Conservation Unit (Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal), and in NepalNorth east Conservation UnitSunderbans Conservation UnitCentral Indian Conservation UnitEastern Ghat Conservation UnitWestern Ghats

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National symbols of India

National animal: Tiger (Panthera Tigris)National Heritage animal of India: ElephantNational aquatic animal: Ganges River Dolphin.

National bird: PeacockNational flower: LotusNational tree: Banyan

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National Parks in IndiaDepending on the area and terrain, National Parks provide ample opportunities to the visitors to have close encounters with the wilds. But what is so exquisite about the Indian National Parks is the variance that they are equipped with. Whether it comes to the flora, avifauna, and aqua fauna, or witnessing various wild forms in their natural surroundings on an elephant or inside a jeep, wild ventures are simply amazing!

Some of the best jewels of Indian wilderness include the Great Himalayan National Park, Dachigam National Park near Srinagar, Corbett National Park in Uttar Pradesh, which is also a famous tiger reserve, Ranthambore National Park in Rajasthan, and Sundarbans National Park in West Bengal. Worth visiting in the East Indian part in "The Land of Rhino" Assam is Kaziranga.

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Wildlife Sanctuaries

Wildlife SanctuariesWandering about in a

wildlife sanctuary

and witnessing the wildlife therein can be quite an

adventurous experience.

elephants, deer and predators

catching their prey in their

natural habitat is

much more exciting than watching a

wildlife documentary on television.

Such as the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary known as largest bird sanctuary in

Asia, which is much more famous as a refuge of

migratory birds like barons, ibis, pelicans and painted storks that make it their temporary home

during the winter months.

Two splendid protected habitats

situated in the Himalayan

foothills are the Jim Corbett

National Park and The Dudhwa

National Park that provide an

unforgettable wildlife

experience.

The most pleasant time

to visit any wildlife

sanctuary in India, with the exception of Dachigam is the months

between October and

March.

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RELATED PICTURES

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Bibliographywww.wikipedia.com

www.forestpolices.comwww.conservingforests.inwww.google.comwww.youtube.comwww.wikimedia.com

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Thank you

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Done By, Sadhana-

Information & pictures

Saniya-pictures & information

Sharika-combining and animation