Wildlife Conservation (1)

WildlifeWildlife

Preserving a Valuable ResourcePreserving a Valuable Resource

The Values of WildlifeThe Values of Wildlife

Plants and animals that have not Plants and animals that have not been domesticated are called been domesticated are called wildlife.wildlife. Domestication is being under control of Domestication is being under control of

humans.humans.

Five Basic Values of WildlifeFive Basic Values of Wildlife

Aesthetic valueAesthetic value the enjoying of wildlife’s beauty and the enjoying of wildlife’s beauty and

pleasurepleasure Scientific valueScientific value

studying and research of wildlife for their studying and research of wildlife for their use in medications, integrated pest use in medications, integrated pest management, etc…management, etc…

Ecological ValueEcological Value the interaction of wildlife in naturethe interaction of wildlife in nature

Five Basic Values of WildlifeFive Basic Values of Wildlife

CommercialCommercial using wildlife to earn moneyusing wildlife to earn money

Game ValueGame Value the enjoyment value gained through the enjoyment value gained through

hunting and fishinghunting and fishing

What are wildlife conservation and wildlife What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management?management?

Wildlife ConservationWildlife Conservation the wise use of natural resources in our the wise use of natural resources in our

environment.environment.

Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts.parts.

Parts of Wildlife ConservationParts of Wildlife Conservation EducationEducation

learning how to conserve wildlife and its resourceslearning how to conserve wildlife and its resources ResearchResearch

using science to better understand the needs and using science to better understand the needs and requirements of wildlife and its habitatrequirements of wildlife and its habitat

Law EnforcementLaw Enforcement ensures that all laws related to wildlife are followedensures that all laws related to wildlife are followed

Wildlife ManagementWildlife Management manipulation of wildlife to achieve a positive goalmanipulation of wildlife to achieve a positive goal

Explain the history of wildlife conservationExplain the history of wildlife conservation

In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, wildlife was plentiful and was able to wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the needs of the people.meet the needs of the people.

Needs turned into wantsNeeds turned into wants ExploitationExploitation

the use of natural resources for profitthe use of natural resources for profit By the 1800’s, people began to see a By the 1800’s, people began to see a

need for conservation of our natural need for conservation of our natural resourcesresources

What is the history of wildlife What is the history of wildlife conservation?conservation?

Morrill Act of 1862Morrill Act of 1862 Established colleges to Established colleges to

teach agriculture. teach agriculture. Made “land grant Made “land grant

universities” such as the universities” such as the University of Illinois.University of Illinois.

What are the national policies that impact What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?wildlife conservation?

National Park ServiceNational Park Service Enacted in 1916.Enacted in 1916. Federal agency responsible for the care of the Federal agency responsible for the care of the

national parks.national parks. Today, the National Park Service has 330 Today, the National Park Service has 330

protected areas such as Yosemite, Sequoia, the protected areas such as Yosemite, Sequoia, the Great Smoky Mountains, and the Carlsbad Great Smoky Mountains, and the Carlsbad Caverns.Caverns.

The National park Service also oversees The National park Service also oversees monuments and parkways such as the Natchez monuments and parkways such as the Natchez Trace Parkway and the USS Arizona memorial.Trace Parkway and the USS Arizona memorial.


Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park First national park in the world.First national park in the world. Its purpose was to preserve the natural Its purpose was to preserve the natural

resources of the area.resources of the area. 18721872 Located in Idaho, Montana & WyomingLocated in Idaho, Montana & Wyoming 3,472 sq. miles3,472 sq. miles 2,221,773 sq. acres2,221,773 sq. acres

What are the national policies that What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?impact wildlife conservation?

Lacey ActLacey Act Passed in 1900 as the Game Bird and Wild Passed in 1900 as the Game Bird and Wild

Bird Preservation Act.Bird Preservation Act. Regulates the shipment of illegally killed Regulates the shipment of illegally killed

animals.animals. Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.


Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp ActMigratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act Requires people planning on hunting Requires people planning on hunting

migratory birds to purchase special stamps.migratory birds to purchase special stamps. 19341934 Has raised over $1 billion to date.Has raised over $1 billion to date. The funds are used to promote the well-The funds are used to promote the well-

being of game birds. being of game birds. Today the stamps cost $15.Today the stamps cost $15.


Pittman-Robertson ActPittman-Robertson Act Passed in 1937Passed in 1937 This placed a tax on all hunting This placed a tax on all hunting

equipment and ammunitionequipment and ammunition Funds from this Act are the mainstay Funds from this Act are the mainstay

of state conservation agencies and of state conservation agencies and have supported wildlife management have supported wildlife management programs.programs.


Endangered Species ActEndangered Species Act Established in 1966 Established in 1966 Identifies and manages rare, Identifies and manages rare,

threatened and endangered species.threatened and endangered species. Congress provides money to the U.S. Congress provides money to the U.S.

Fish and Wildlife Service to help Fish and Wildlife Service to help support the care and management of support the care and management of these species.these species.


Wildlife Refuge SystemWildlife Refuge System A part of the US Fish and A part of the US Fish and

Wildlife Service.Wildlife Service. Organized in 1966Organized in 1966 Today there are more Today there are more

than 400 refuges that than 400 refuges that contain vast land areas in contain vast land areas in the U.S.the U.S.

What are the national policies that impact wildlife What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation?conservation?

Forest ServiceForest Service Part of the USDA that manages 156 forests Part of the USDA that manages 156 forests

covering 191 million acres of forests and grassland. covering 191 million acres of forests and grassland. Originally set up to protect timber and water as part Originally set up to protect timber and water as part

of the federal forest conservation policy of 1891of the federal forest conservation policy of 1891 It has been estimated that the national forests It has been estimated that the national forests

contain 60% of the nation’s wildlife.contain 60% of the nation’s wildlife.

Historical People in Wildlife ConservationHistorical People in Wildlife Conservation

John James Audubon (1785–1851)John James Audubon (1785–1851) Watched and studied birds.Watched and studied birds. Published a book about his bird studies.Published a book about his bird studies. 1905 the National Audubon Society was 1905 the National Audubon Society was

formed.formed.


John Muir (1838–1914)John Muir (1838–1914) Partly responsible for the development of Partly responsible for the development of

Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks.Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks. Encouraged President Roosevelt to Encouraged President Roosevelt to

establish these parks.establish these parks. Started the Sierra Club.Started the Sierra Club. California forest named after him.California forest named after him.


Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919)Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919) Known as the “Father of the Known as the “Father of the

Conservation Movement”.Conservation Movement”. Passed legislations to help protect Passed legislations to help protect

natural resource.natural resource.


Aldo Leopold (1886–1948)Aldo Leopold (1886–1948) Applied ecology to wildlife.Applied ecology to wildlife.

Ecology is the study of how organisms Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment.interact with their environment.

Wrote a book called Game Wrote a book called Game Management that was used to help Management that was used to help further educate wildlife biologists.further educate wildlife biologists.


Gifford Pinchot (1865–1946)Gifford Pinchot (1865–1946) One of the first leaders of what is now One of the first leaders of what is now

known as the U.S. Forest Service.known as the U.S. Forest Service. Wrote a book called The Fight for Wrote a book called The Fight for

Conservation.Conservation. His efforts focused on the conservation His efforts focused on the conservation

of forests.of forests.

Historical People in Wildlife ConservationHistorical People in Wildlife Conservation Hugh Bennett (1881–1960Hugh Bennett (1881–1960

Father of soil conservation.Father of soil conservation. First person to run the Soil Conservation First person to run the Soil Conservation

Service.Service. Jay Darling (1872–1962)Jay Darling (1872–1962)

Designed the first migratory bird stamp.Designed the first migratory bird stamp. Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural

resources.resources. His cartoons made the public aware of the His cartoons made the public aware of the

need for wildlife conservation.need for wildlife conservation.

The work of Jay DarlingThe work of Jay Darling ““Land, water and vegetation Land, water and vegetation

are just that dependent on one are just that dependent on one another. Without these three another. Without these three primary elements in natural primary elements in natural balance, we can have neither balance, we can have neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees, labor nor capital, nor trees, labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for humans”sustaining habitat for humans”

Jay “Ding” Darling Jay “Ding” Darling

The work of Jay DarlingThe work of Jay Darling

Wildlife Conservation (1)

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