Who’s Who of GLOBAL II

Who’s Who of GLOBAL II

Directions:

• Identify the unit this person came from

• Who they are (name)

• What did they accomplish?• What were they apart of?• What impact did they have?

Copernicus, Galileo & Newton

Scientific Revolution

Scientific Revolution: Science and logic were used to explain how the world worked –

people longer turned to the bible and the Catholic church for answers

Copernicus, Galileo & Newton

• Copernicus: Astronomer, developed the Heliocentric theory (idea that planets revolve around the sun)

• Galileo: Astronomer who proved Copernicus correct - put on trial by the Catholic church

• Newton: Mathematician and astronomer who helped developed calculus and the theory of gravity

Locke, Montesquieu & Rosseau

The Enlightenment

• Period in European history when REASON was used to understand and improve society.

• Also known as the Age of Reason

Locke, Montesquieu & Rousseau

• Locke: People have natural rights (life, liberty and property)

• Montesquieu: Power should be divided into 3 branches – separation of powers and checks and balances.

• Rousseau: Society is a social contract (all people agree to work for the common good of society)

Louis XVI, Napoleon & Robespierre

The French Revolution

• Event in which the people of France overthrew King Louis XVI and fought for more rights

Louis XVI, Napoleon & Robespierre

• Louis XVI: Overthrown by the people and was executed

• Napoleon: Ruler who came to power at the end of the French Revolution, Napoleonic Code and crowned himself Emperor

• Robespierre: Leader of the Jacobins (extremist group) during the Reign of Terror

Bolivar, San Martin & L’Overture

Latin American Revolutions

• Events where the colonies of Latin America (Central America, South America and Caribbean) fought to gain independence from Spain, Portugal and France

Bolivar, Martin, L’Overture

• Toussaint L’ Overture: Haitian, Ex-slave, protested by setting plantations on fire

• Jose de San Martin: Creole from Argentina - Liberated Peru , Argentina and Chile from colonial rule

• Simon Bolivar: Creole from Venezuela - Liberated present-day countries of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Bolivia and Ecuador

Marx & Engels

Industrial Revolution

• Change from producing goods by hand to producing goods with machines in factories

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

• These two men believed laissez faire capitalism was bad

• Wrote the Communist Manifesto – all of history has been about class struggles

• Ideas of Marx and Engels became the foundation of Communism

Commodore Matthew Perry

Opening of Japan

• From 1600-1854 Japan was largely isolated and wanted little contact with the rest of the world

Commodore Matthew Perry

• Perry, from the US, sailed into Japan in order to open up the country to trade.

• Meiji Restoration: Emperor Meiji modernized and westernized Japan to AVOID BEING COLONIZED!

Czar Nicholas, Lenin & the Bolsheviks

Russian Revolution:

• Event where the people of Russia overthrew the Czar and created a new government

Lenin, Bolsheviks & Czar Nicholas II

• Czar Nicholas: Ruler of Russia, people thought he abused his power by denying the rights of the people

• Lenin & the Bolsheviks: Lenin was the leader of this radical group – gained support from the people by promising land, peace and bread – Brings Communism to Russia

Gandhi

Decolonization of India

• By the end of WWI in 1919, India had been a colony of Great Britain for almost 200 years. Post WWI, India began to increase its demands for independence

Mohandas Gandhi

• Nationalist leader who fought for independence from Great Britain using NON-VIOLENT methods– Salt March– Boycott of English goods– Homespun Movement

Stalin, Hitler & Mussolini

Totalitarian Dictatorships

• Post WWI, totalitarian dictatorships were established in 3 countries under 3 men

• Characteristics of totalitarian dictatorships:– Censorship– One political party– People were expected to put the needs of the

state before their own– Used propaganda to influence people’s thoughts

Mao Zedong & Deng Xiaoping

Communism in China

• 1949: China became the second country in the world (after the Soviet Union) to adopt communism

Mao Zedong & Deng Xiaoping

• Mao Zedong: – First communist dictator of China– Gained support of peasants – Modernized China through his plan THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD

and – Used violent young communists to eliminate all opposition –

CULTURAL REVOLUTION

• Deng Xiaoping: – Ruler after Mao Zedong– Changed Chinese economy to a market economy from a

command economy (The Four Modernizations)– Called in the army to end the Tiananmen Square protests

Gorbachev & Yeltsin

Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union

• Between 1989-1991, the Cold War ended and Communism disappeared from Europe

Mikhail Gorbachev & Boris Yeltsin

• Mikhail Gorbachev:– Soviet leader who help bring Communism to an end in the

Soviet Union– Perestroika: changed Soviet economy from command to

market– Glasnost: allowed freedom of speech within the Soviet

Union

• Boris Yeltsin: – First democratically elected President in the history of

Russia