Walking toward sustainable change How State of Place can influence placemaking decisions, enhance walkability, and maximize the triple bo>om line Mariela Alfonzo, Ph.D. Founder, State of Place President, Urban Imprint Research Fellow/Adjunct Professor, NYU-Poly www.urbanimprint.com/state-of-place
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What's your State of Place? Boosting the triple bottom line + through walkability!
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Walking toward sustainable change
How State of Place can influence placemaking decisions, enhance walkability, and maximize the triple bo>om line
Mariela Alfonzo, Ph.D. Founder, State of Place
President, Urban Imprint Research Fellow/Adjunct Professor, NYU-Poly
www.urbanimprint.com/state-of-place
Why Walkability? Triple. Bottom. Line. +
It’s about how we live “Weh-‐‑che-‐‑steh,” Miami: My hometown…and my
motivation to #getwalkable!
It’s about our health…
Yes, behavior important…
But so is Built Environment
VMT in the US, 1971-2012
Mode Split in the US, 1960-2010
It’s about our planet’s health
Residen'al values more stable in walkable neighborhoods
Have experienced less than half the average decline in value from the housing peak
A 10pt increase in Walk Score linked to 5-‐8% increase in commercial values
A 1pt increase in Walk Score linked to $700-‐$3000 for-‐sale residen'al premiums
Urban mixed-‐use developments generate 25-‐59x revenue/acre than suburban counterparts
1% rise in urban sprawl index increases obesity risk by 0.5% In 2008, medical $$ to treat obesity in US, approx. $147B
And now it’s about our economic health
(Walking)
Individual Factors
Design matters….
Urban Design
Exchange!
Use!
Environmental!
Social!
Cultural!
Image!
See CABE
Exchange
Use!
Environmental!
Social!Cultural!
Image!
E.g. Walking
E.g., Retail Sales
Individual Factors
E.g., Guggenheim Effect
to value generation….
Walkability driving place consumption…
The Power of PLACE
“Places” have become products
Their “sellers” compete with each other for resources
Educated residents
Talent
Businesses
Investment
Americans are choosing which locations to “consume” based on place quality
walkability is an important “driver”…
But…shortage of walkability? Public policy hurdles + Legal issues + NIMBYism + Lack of benchmarks and metrics = More difficult to finance/underwrite/create/deliver
Lack effective, cost efficient methods that demystify the process of identifying, differentiating, and creating the quality
places people want
BUT…in this stiff competitive place “market” AND in light of sustainability benefits,
¤ Provides empirically-‐‑based ROI predictions, Customizable
Comprehensive. Reliable. Micro-scale.
Measuring Walkability: The Irvine Minnesota Inventory
Uses street-level built environment data Collected using the Irvine Minnesota Inventory (IMI 2.0) 250+ micro-scale features • Sidewalk presence, street trees, street benches, parks, street
facades, land uses, etc. Reliable, used widely in research
Measuring Walkability: The Irvine Minnesota Inventory Raters receive full day training; tested for accuracy/reliability Data can be collected for sample of blocks in a neighborhood or on a select number of blocks • 10-12 min/block
• Avg. 40-50 blocks/neighborhood Neighborhood defined based on existing boundaries
Diagnostic. Empirically-based.
State of Place™ : The IMI Scoring Algorithm
Dimensions Description/Example Items
Density Measure of enclosure based on building concentrations and height
Proximity Presence of non-residential land uses
Connectivity Measure of disconnectivty; Potential Barriers (e.g., six-lane roads)
Form Measure of streetscape discontinuity (e.g. drive-thrus)
Parks and Public Space Parks, Playgrounds, Plazas, Playing Fields
Pedestrian Infrastructure/Amenities
Curbcuts, Sidewalks, Street Furniture, Bike Racks
Personal Safety Graffiti, Litter, Windows with Bars