Karin van den Driesche (Filterdesign) Robert Schuwer (Open Universiteit) 28 September 2010 EADTU, Zermatt What do teachers in HE expect from OER?
Nov 19, 2014
Karin van den Driesche (Filterdesign)Robert Schuwer (Open Universiteit)
28 September 2010 EADTU, Zermatt
What do teachers in HE expect from OER?
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Agenda
> Context: Wikiwijs> Research question> Approach: User Centered Design> Results for HE
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Context: Wikiwijs
Wikiwijs has to become the place on the internet where
all teachers in the Netherlands, ranging from Primary education to Higher
education, Can find, (co)develop, share, rework and use
digital learning materials, published under an open license.
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Wikiwijs offers …
a Repository of open educational resources a Referatory to digital educational resources:
> open and closed> free access and access to be paid for> public and commercial
easy to use arrangement and development tools for teachers / professors
end-user support for teachers / professors when creating and using learning materials
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Wikiwijs: what’s in a name …
Wikiwijs is referring to the philosophy of Wikipedia (using ‘the wisdom of the crowds’)
Wikiwijs is not referring to the functionality or user interface of Wikipedia
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Research question
Users of Wikiwijs: teachers What functionality should Wikiwijs offer to its
users? (Functional requirements) Under what conditions should these functionalities
be offered? (Quality requirements)
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Approach chosen
Method chosen: User Centered Design Reasons:
Large group of mostly unknown (potential) users
Good experiences in earlier studies using this approach
New information system with no earlier experience on the whole field to be supported (which excludes the “waiter strategy”)
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User Centered Design (UCD)
Putting the focus on the needs, wishes and capabilities of end users during every part of the design process
Preventing behavioural preference of one or two (super) users.
Preventing the pitfall to build what the user asks instead what people actually will use.
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UCD: techniques
Personas A description of a fictitious user, representing
1000’s of users based on realistic behaviour, motivation,
attitude, skills and needs. life span of about five years
Mental model Describes the work from the standpoint of the
users in their own words. life span of about five years
And many more (not used in this research)
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Persona example
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Persona example (cont.)
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Mental model example
>4x
Polytechnic
University
handling of information in relation to the development, use and choice of materials
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Choice of interviewees
Goal of interview: know how people organize their work process whether they deal with things in the same way
as another person does. Find out how tasks are divided into activities,
goals, strategies and several individual steps. Determine different roles
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Choice of interviewees (2)
Each role in at least 3 interviews In example we need 1 or 2 more interviews Can be adapted during the process
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Results for HE
Interviewees were selected taking into account: Level (University or Polytechnic) Experience in using digital learning materials
(low, high) Experience in creating digital learning materials
(low, high) Teacher educator (yes, no)
Difference teaching in Bachelor/Master Too few results for teaching at Master level
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Types of users
Determined by the way they collect and developed learning materials
The Collector: Approach: Simple, little demands, adhoc and short term Goals:
Clarifying existing lessons.
Connect to the reality/world of the students.
Variations in lessons.
To be sure of your teaching skills.
Connect to different levels in a group.
Didactics, keep order.
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Types of users (cont.)
The Hunter Approach:
Extensive, many demands, growth, long term. Goals:
Take on new issues and subjects.
Make lesson schemes.
Guarantee educational quality.
The existing method is not up to standards.
Connect to different levels in a group.
Doing better than the existing method.
Connect to the reality/world of the students.
No existing learning materials available.
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Five personas
Sven Pateel: Higher Education (Hunter)
“For part-time education I combine the background of students and the learning materials in order to achieve new insights. That to me is very instructive and fun. But that requires other methods than standing in front of the classroom and talk.”
Maarit Kotting: Higher Education (Hunter, developer of a digital education system)
“A digital board can be useful but it's not about me making notes but that my students can make notes. I use an ordinary projector and my laptop and you can go online anywhere here in this school.”
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Five personas (cont.)
Minke Ulrich: Higher Education (Collector)“I really never find materials which I can use without editing.
But what I do find online are separated materials and nice ideas, but ultimately I develop it all myself.”
Elsbeth Weeda: University Master and Bachelor (Collector)“Frankly, I think you have to ask yourself at any stage: Will a
piece of chalk do the job, a whiteboard now, or must you create a complex digital rumpus.”
Casper Wilson: University masters (Hunter)“The basic lessons I’ll tape on video, I'll teach them well once
and they stand for the next five years. That’s also the way I see Wikiwijs, a basic will arise and you pick up from there on.”
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Mental model: categories
Finding and using digital learning materials Looking for different ways to perform
educational activities Author and institution are important
determinants for using specific learning materials
Efficiency is important
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Mental model: categories (cont.)
Creating or adapting digital learning materials Develop modules as a team Demands by students are the trigger
Sharing digital learning materials Use Slideshare for slide presentations meant for
students Use intranet sites; only accessible for your own students
Communicating with students Combine Slideshare, blogs, twitter, e-mail Do not use the Electronic Learning Environment for
communication (not suited)