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WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy
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WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets Cuneiform Written with a stylus in wet clay Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

Dec 23, 2015

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Page 1: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING

Compiled by Amy

Page 2: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA

Clay Tablets Cuneiform Written with a stylus in wet clay Baked to harden

Heavy to Move

Heavy to Store

Breakable

Many people could read and write in Cuneiform. Merchants, leaders, military, men and women.

Page 3: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

ANCIENT EGYPT

Papyrus Made by weaving plant fibers, soaking and softening.

Lightweight Be rolled into a scroll

Hieroglyphs Many People could read this form of writing. The pictures conveyed entire concepts not just sounds.

Monuments were also marked with the hieroglyphs.

Page 4: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

ANCIENT GERMANIC PEOPLES

Runes and Ogham

Used by Vikings, Celts, and other Germanic Peoples

Carved into wood, stone, leatherwork, weaving work and more.

Page 5: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME

Used the Ancient Greek Alphabet.

Wealthy learned to read and write.

The wooden books with was inside and a stylus became important.

More permanent things were written on stone, animal skins, and on papyrus.

Page 6: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

DARK AGES The fall of Western Rome (Italy) began the dark ages.

The necessity to survive crated a great void in the arts and sciences during this time.

People seem to have forgotten about the wonders of art and literature.

Eastern Rome of the Byzantine Empire was still going strong.

In the Middle Ages we see a renewed interest in art and science.

There were few that could read and write.

Truly only the elite had the opportunity to learn.

Page 7: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

MIDDLE AGES

During the Middle ages the art of bookmaking became important.

Books were made for only the extremely wealthy.

Books often cost more than an entire high rise does today.

Books were commissioned and could take a year of more to finish.

Only the extremely wealthy could read and write so a book was a status symbol as well.

One Middle Ages Book just sold at Christies for £16 Million

Page 8: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

SAINT BENEDICT OF NURSIA

Patron Saint of Europe and Students Why?

Encouraged his monks to gain an education Even had them read the Pagan works

Created the Benedictine Scriptoria Scriptorium actually means a “place of

writing” Where the monks copied texts Created a library at Monte Cassino Made sure the scriptorium was heated so the

monks could work diligently

Page 9: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

PARCHMENT Parchment Made from sheepskin or goatskin Put the skins in water for one day and one night Take them out and wash them until the water runs

clear Put them in a new bath with lime and water that is a

thick cloudy mix. Place the skins with the flesh side folded Move with a pole two or three times Leave them for 8 days Wash until the water runs clear 2 days in a clean bath Attach cords to them and tie them to a frame Dry, then shave with a sharp knife Leave for 2 days in the sun Moisten with water and rub the flesh side with pumice After 2 days wet it again by sprinkling with water and

clean the flesh side with pumices Tighten the cords When dry remove from the frame.

Page 10: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

VELLUM

Vellum is made from calfskin.

It is processed similar to parchments but often offered a finer end product.

It comes from the Latin word vitulus meaning a calf.

Page 11: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

MANUSCRIPT Manuscripts get their name from the Latin word manu scriptus or “written by hand”.

Minium or red paint was used to line the pages for the script and borders.

3 Parts of a ManuscriptMiniatureWordsBorder Decoration

Page 12: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

PAINTING PROCESS

Paint was often made using stone, egg, and plant matter.

Blue paint was made from lapis lazuli stone. It was the most expensive color.

Brushes and quills were used to create these masterpieces.

Page 13: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

ILLUMINATED

Illuminated means to “fill with light”

Let’s test this theory…shall wee Close all roladins/curtains etc. Light candle for reading Use the image of a basic black and white page

Use an illuminated page Illumination was the use of gold or silver leafing to create reflective surfaces.

Page 14: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

HOW WERE THE BOOKS MADE

Page 15: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

TYPES OF BOOKS

Books were so costly that many were created for the churches and were copies of the prayers, coronation services and more.

The Psalters became very popular and were the book of Psalms.

The Devotions of Mary was a very popular middle ages book for women. It was a daily devotional.

By 1200 books became more accessible. They were used at Cambridge University and Oxford for Theology, Law, Medicine, and the arts.

Before too long Chaucer had written out great narrative poems.

Saint George and the Dragon for example is from this time frame.

Page 16: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

GATHERINGS OR SECTIONS OR SIGNATURES

Each of the gatherings are the folded sheets of parchment.

Each sheet is folded separately using a bone folder.

The sheet is a folio, when folded it is now a bifolio.

We will stack 6 (full pages) bifolios inside each unit to create one gathering, section, or signature.

Page 17: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

A MIDDLE AGES BOOK COVER

Made of WoodLeft uncovered or covered with leather or fabricFinished with great detail, jewels, gems and gold leafing!Often with clasps made of finely worked metal

Page 18: WEEK 5 BOOK MAKING Compiled by Amy. ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA Clay Tablets  Cuneiform  Written with a stylus in wet clay  Baked to harden Heavy to Move Heavy.

BINDING OF MIDDLE AGES MANUSCRIPTS

This is a Coptic binding

This binding leaves a beautiful dimensional finish on the binding of a book.

Each signature (white grouping of pages) is bound one on top of the other to the covers of the book.

The kettle stich is shown here to secure the book.