WBAN - Presentation - Wireless Networks

Body Area NetworksFor: Wireless networks

Assigned by:

SIR AQEEL UR REHMAN

Group members

ALI YOUSAF KHAN IQBAL UDDIN KHAH

Body Area Network A communications technology that is optimized for low power consumption . Operates in, on or around the human body to enable a variety of applications including medical and personal entertainment.

Overview of

802.15.6

Body Area Network Introduction It comes under the IEEEs working group 802.15. 802.15 comes under 802 committee. 802.15 specifically cover WPAN. 802.15 has various standards i.e. from 1 7. Standards are called task groups BANs Task group is 6. Named 802.15.6.

Body Area Network WBAN has potential to improve and revolutionized electronic health care. It has convinced and gain interests of number of researchers. For proper and successful implementation IEEE 802 established a work group named 802.15.6

Body Area Network The purpose of 802.15.6 To define Physical layer for BAN To define MAC layer for BAN.

The main issue was to selected frequency for PHY layer as most of frequency bands were occupied by different standards in different countries. Figure on next slides Illustrates.

Body Area Network

Architecture Description To achieve optimal results IEEEs 802.15.6 is divided in two : For Medical Applications. For motioning patient continuously or over coming disability of any individual. Non Medical Applications. For file transferring, gaming or video streaming.

Architecture Description

Architecture Description The Current 802.15.6 define three PHY layes: Narrow Band NB. Ultra wideband UWB. Human body Communication HBC.

The selection of PHY depend upon application and its need. On top of any selected layer there is MAC layer for selection of channels.

Architecture Description - PHY Narrow Band The frame of NB-PHY or PPDU consists of two major parts:1. PLCP 2. PSDU

PLCP further divided in two:1. PLCP preamble 2. PLCP Header

Uses DBPSK,DQPSK andD8PSK modulation.

Architecture Description - PHY Narrow Band PLCP - Preamble Helps receiver in timing Synchronization. PLCP Header It conveys information of decoding and error correction, delivered after PLCP Preamble. PSDU It is delivered after PLCP Header, contains MAC header, MAC body frame and FCS.

Architecture Description - PHY

Narrow Band PPDU structure

Architecture Description - PHY Ultra Wide Band It operates in two bands:1. Low Band ( Channel 1 3). 2. High Band ( Channel 7 11).

PPDU of UWB consists of :1. SHR 2. PHR 3. PSDU

Architecture Description - PHY Ultra Wide Band LOW Band It has Bandwidth of 499.2 MHz, consists of 3 channels (1-3) with mandatory channel 2 of 3993.6 MHz. HIGH Band It also have bandwidth of 499.2, consists of 8 channels (4-11) with mandatory channel 7 of 7987.2 MHz.

Architecture Description - PHY Ultra Wide Band PPDU Consists of :o SHR Synchronization Header, compose of preamble and Start frame disclaimer SFD. It is form by repetition of KASAMI sequence of length 63. o PHR PHY Header, deliver information about data rate of system. o PSDU consists or contains data.

Data rate ranges from 0.5 Mbps 10 Mbps.

Architecture Description - PHY

Ultra Wide Band PPDU structure

Architecture Description - PHY Human Body Communication It operates in two bands:1. Low Band, centered at 16MHz. 2. High Band, centered at 27MHz. 3. Both available in Japan US and Korea while Europe allows only 27MHz.

PPDU of HBC consists of :1. 2. 3. 4. Preamble SFD PHR PSDU

Architecture Description - PHY Human Body Communication PPDU Consists of :o Preamble This sequence is transmitted 4 times to ensure synchronization. o SFD Start of frame determiner, transmitted only one after preamble sequence. o PHY Physical layer header, deliver information about data rate of system. o PSDU consists or contains data.

Architecture Description - PHY

Human Body Communication PPDU structure

Architecture Description - MAC MAC Layer Specification This channel is divided into super frame structure bounded by equal beacon length. The 802.15.6 operates in any of these three modes:1. Beacon mode with Beacon period super frame boundaries. 2. Non Beacon mode with super frame boundaries. 3. Non Beacon mode without super frame boundaries.

Architecture Description - MAC

Super frame structure

Architecture Description - MAC MAC Layer Specification Super Frame divisiono RAP Random Access Phase I or II. o CAP Contention Access Phase. RAP I, RAPII and CAP are used for regular traffic. o EAP Exclusive Access Phase I or II. Used for highest Priority/emergency event reporting traffic. o Type I / II Used for allocation of Uplink, downlink or Bilink intervals.

Security Paradigm The 802.15.6 defines 3 level of security. Each level has its own security properties, protection level and frame formats. Level 0 Unsecured Communication. Level 1 Authentication only. Level 3 Authentication and encryption.

Security Paradigm Level 0 As it is Unsecure, there is no mechanism of authentication, encryption, integrity check and Privacy protection.

Level 1 Authentication mode only. As data encryption on data is not done so confidentiality and privacy is not available at this level.

Security Paradigm Level 3 As authentication and data encryption is done. Provides maximum security than before mentioned levels. In Uni cast, MK is used to generate Pairwise Temporal Key (PTK) for a session. In multi cast, GroupWise Temporal Key (GTK) is generated with corresponding group.

After OverviewMoving toward

Practical Illustration of BAN

BAN Communication Architecture

A three tier BAN communication Architecture

BAN Communication Architecture The communication architecture of Ban under practical deployment can be divided into three tiers.1. Intra BAN communication. 2. Inter BAN communication. 3. Beyond BAN communication.

BAN Communication Architecture Intra BAN communication The term Intra BAN communication, is about 2 meters around human body, in reference to radio frequency. It is further divided in two:1. Communication among body sensors. 2. Communication among Body sensors and personal server.

BAN Communication Architecture

Possibilities of Intra BAN Communication

BAN Communication Architecture Intra BAN communications possibilities:a. b. c. d. e. Wired. Direct Connected to Access point. Wireless. Hybrid Cluster and wireless.

BAN Communication Architecture Inter BAN communication It means communication between Personal servers and Access point, sometimes between Access points and sensors. The communication can be : Infrastructure based. Ad-hoc based.

BAN Communication Architecture

Infrastructure based Inter BAN communication

BAN Communication Architecture

Ad-hoc based Inter BAN communication

BAN Communication Architecture Beyond BAN communication It is intended for use in metropolitan areas. In order to bridge the two networks for inter-BAN and beyond-BAN communications. A gateway device, such as a PDA can be employed to create a wireless link between these two networks.

Hardware and Devices in BAN A body sensor node mainly consists of two parts: The physiological signal sensor(s) and the radio platform, to which multiple body sensors can be connected. The general functionality of body sensors is to collect analog signals that correspond to humans physiological activities or body actions.

Hardware and Devices in BAN Sensors Sensors and actuators are the key components of BAN. They bridge the physical world and electronic systems. Because these sensors/actuators are in direct contact with persons or even implanted, their size and physical compatibility to human tissues are crucial.

Hardware and Devices in BAN

Sensors commonly employed in BAN systems and their typical data rates

Hardware and Devices in BAN

Typical modules on a sensor node

Hardware and Devices in BAN

Core functional components for body sensor system design

Some existing BAN projects

References:BODY AREA NETWORKS: A SURVEY MIN CHEN SERGIO GONZALEZ ATHANASIOS VASILAKOS HUASONG CAO VICTOR C. M. LEUNG AN OVERVIEW OF IEEE 802.15.6 STANDARD KYUNG SUP KWAK, SANA ULLAH, AND NIAMAT ULLAH

Thank You