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Waste Agricultural Biomass for Energy: Resource conservation and GHG Emission Reduction

Waste Agricultural Biomass for Energy: Resource conservation and GHG Emission Reduction

(Output XI:Report onInternational Sub Regional Workshop- South Asia) (November 12th to 14th, 2013)CONTENTS

Chapter

Sub Chapter

Title

Page

1

Introduction and Background:

5

2

Conduct and Proceedings of the workshop

6

2.1

Inaugural session

6

2.2

Presentation by the participants

9

2.2.1

Capacity Building

9

2.2.2

Methodology for assessment of WAB in India

9

2.2.3

Methodology for Technology Assessment and selection of appropriate technology

10

2.2.4

Policy Analysis

11

2.2.5

Experiences of implementing technology

13

2.2.6

Presentation of a live implemented Indian case

13

2.2.7

Presentation by technology supplier

21

2.2.8

Private Public Partnership (PPP) model

24

2.2.9

Presentation of project on WAB2E in Cambodia

26

2.3

Presentation of country papers

32

2.3.1

Bangladesh:

32

2.3.2

Bhutan:

37

2.3.3

Nepal

39

2.3.4

Sri Lanka

42

2.3.5

SACEPs initiatives and programmes

45

2.3.6

Presentation by new Technology developer: M/s BGCT. K.K. of Japan

50

3

Plenary Session:

53

3.1

The drivers to support conversion of WAB2E in the sub region

53

3.2

Barriers hindering WAB2E in sub region

54

3.3

Enabling measures to overcome barriers

55

3.4

Vision and main elements of natural and regional strategy to enhance WAB2E

56

3.5

Main action areas

56

3.6

Support from organization like UNEP-IETC for greater implementation of WAB2E in the region.

57

4

Closing of workshop:

57

5

Visit to Starlit Power Systems Limited.

58

Table of Pictures

Picture 2.1-a

Participating delegates of the workshop

6

Picture 2.1-b

Inaugural session

7

Picture 2.1-c

Plenary session

7

Picture 2.1-d

Presentation of India Project

8

Picture 2.1-e

Implemented case study

8

Picture 2.2.6-a

Generic flow diagram of the process

15

Picture 2.2.6-b

Schematic diagram of the plant

16

Picture 2.2.6-c

Unloading of used batteries

16

Picture 2.2.6-d

Internal safe handling of the used batteries

17

Picture 2.2.6-e

Battery breaking machine

17

Picture 2.2.6-f

180 T WAB gasifier to produce 450 NM3 of producer gas/hr.

18

Picture 2.2.6-g

Gas flame at the inlet to the rotary kiln

19

Picture 2.2.6-h

Rotary kiln for reduction process

19

Picture 2.3.5

Organogram of SACEP

46

Picture 5-a

Briefing session

58

Picture 5-b

Entrance to gasifier block

58

Picture 5-c

In side the gasifier plant

59

Picture 5-d

Gasifier units assembly at a glance

59

Picture 5-e

The process byproduct: Charcoal

60

Table of Tables

Table 2.2.6

Thermal energy needs of the processes

20

Table 2.3.6

Thermal capacity comparison between Coal and RPPWF

51

Table of Graphs

Graph 2.3.6

Emissions comparison between Green Coal and other conventional fuels

52

Table of Annexures

Annexure-1

Schedule of workshop

61

Annexure-2

List of Participants

63

1:Introduction and Background:

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), DTI-IETC, has assigned a project to Birla Institue of Management Technology, (BIMTECH) under the project code MOD# 12-29-11013, titled Waste Agricultural Biomass for Energy: Resource conservation and GHG Emission Reduction

As a part of the SSFA terms, a sub regional knowledge dissemination workshop was planned to be organized for the South Asian countries comprising India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and SriLanka. It was felt necessary that all the members working in region should share their experiences with undertaking similar exercises and learn from each others experiences.

A three days dissemination workshop was thus planned to be conducted , and the same was done during the 12th to 14th November 2013, in Greater Noida, New Capital Region (NCR) Delhi.

The workshop was organized for the professionals working in the area of development of renewable energy sources, with particular emphasis on use of Waste Agricultural Biomass (WAB) for energy. A total of 31 participants attended the workshop.

The schedule of the workshop is provided in Annexure-1.

The list of participants in the workshop is provided in Annexure-2.

2Conduct and Proceedings of the workshop2.1Inaugural session

During the two days of the proceedings, the delegates presented their views and findings about the relevant works in their respective countries and organisations.

Professor K. R. Chari welcomed the gathering and provided the background to the sub regional workshop. The major events during the workshop are listed here below.

Mr. Surendra Shrestha, Director, UNEP International Environmental Technology Centre (UNEP IETC) started the session with the opening remarks and briefed the participants about the objectives and activities of the UNEP-IETC-DTIE.

Dr. H. Chaturvedi, Director, Birla Institute of Management Technology, India, in his inaugural address briefed the participants about the structure of the India project.

Mr. Surya Prakash Chandak, Senior Programme Officer, UNEP IETC spoke about the detailed structure of the project and the expectations from the project and also from the workshop.

The following pictures 2.1-a through 2.1-e show some important events of the workshop.

Picture 2.1-a:Participating delegates of the workshop

Picture 2.1-b: Inaugural session with Mr. Surendra Shreshtha, Director UNEP-IETC and Dr. H. Chaturvedi, Director BIMTECH

Picture 2.1-c:Plenary session being moderated by Mr. Surya Prakash Chandak, Senior Programme Officer, UNEP-IETC-DTIE Osaka- Japan

Picture 2.1-d:Presentation of India Project by Prof. K. R. Chari Birla Institute of Management Technology: Team Leader

Picture 2.1-e:Mr. Yogesh Gupta, Chief Executive Officer, M/s StarLit Power Systems Ltd. presenting the implemented case study to the delegates.

2.2Presentation by the participants2.2.1Capacity Building

Prof. K. R. Chari, India Project team leader, Chief Proctor and Chairperson: Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Development, BIMTECH addressed the gathering and shared the information about the exercise of Capacity building in the project.

Coverage of the paper:

The details of the five workshops conducted during the course of the project were as below:

Workshop 1:Classification and Characterisation of WAB

Workshop 2:Technologies for conversion of biomass to energy

Workshop 3:Workshop on SAT methodology

Workshop 4:Awareness workshop on Policies for conversion of WAB2E

Workshop 5:Awareness generation workshop on Technologies for conversion of WAB2E

2.2.2Methodology for assessment of WAB in India

Ms. Shiffia Mittal and Mr. Amit Arora, team members of India project covered the process and methodology adopted for Assessment of waste agricultural biomass in India.

The major sources of information were the Indiastat and Ministry of New and Renewable Energy web sites. As both of these sites are maintained by the governmental machinery and updated information is available, it was felt authentic source.

The other major points covered were as below.

Crop residue generation in india

Every year Crop residue generation: 500 MT( MNRE 2009)

Usage of crop residue depend on:

Cropping intensity

Productivity

Crop grown in different States

State wise Crop residue generation:

U.P (60 MT)

Punjab (51 MT)

Maharashtra (46 MT)

Specific crop wise generation of agricultural residues at all India level

The study did not cover and excluded Wheat & Paddy residue as they are already being used for power generation and other applications.

Many other minor crops with negligible share are not considered because there were no specific technologies for the very thinly distributed residues.

However, such minor residues are always used in combination with other crops residue

Surplus biomass generation in india

The estimated total crop residue surplus in India is 84-141 Mt/yr where cereals and fibre crops contribute 58% and 23%, respectively.

Remaining 19% is from sugarcane, pulses, oilseeds and other crops. Out of 82 Mt surplus residues from the cereal crops, 44 Mt is from rice followed by 24.5 Mt of wheat which is mostly burnt in fields.

In case of fiber crops (33 Mt of surplus residue) approximately 80% is cotton residue that is subjected to burning.

Surplus biomass after conventional use

The amount of crop residue, which does not have any identif