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Visual arts 1 Visual arts Van Gogh: The Church at Auvers (1890) The visual arts are art forms that create works which are primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, and often modern visual arts (photography, video, and filmmaking) and architecture. These definitions should not be taken too strictly as many artistic disciplines (performing arts, conceptual art, textile arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well as arts of other types. Also included within the visual arts [1] are the applied arts [2] such as industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, interior design and decorative art. [3] As indicated above, the current usage of the term "visual arts" includes fine art as well as the applied, decorative arts and crafts, but this was not always the case. Before the Arts and Crafts Movement in Britain and elsewhere at the turn of the 20th century, the term artist was often restricted to a person working in the fine arts (such as painting, sculpture, or printmaking) and not the handicraft, craft, or applied art media. The distinction was emphasized by artists of the Arts and Crafts Movement who valued vernacular art forms as much as high forms. [4] Art schools made a distinction between the fine arts and the crafts maintaining that a craftsperson could not be considered a practitioner of art. The increasing tendency to privilege painting, and to a lesser degree sculpture, above other arts has been a feature of Western art as well as East Asian art. In both regions painting has been seen as relying to the highest degree on the imagination of the artist, and the furthest removed from manual labour - in Chinese painting the most highly valued styles were those of "scholar-painting", at least in theory practiced by gentleman amateurs. The Western hierarchy of genres reflected similar attitudes. Education and training Training in the visual arts has generally been through variations of the apprentice and workshop system. In Europe the Renaissance movement to increase the prestige of the artist led to the academy system for training artists, and today most train in art schools at a tertiary level. Visual arts have now become an elective subject in most education systems. (See also art education.) Drawing Drawing is a means of making an image, using any of a wide variety of tools and techniques. It generally involves making marks on a surface by applying pressure from a tool, or moving a tool across a surface using dry media such as graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and markers. Digital tools which simulate the effects of these are also used. The main techniques used in drawing are: line drawing, hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. An artist who excels in drawing is referred to as a draftsman or draughtsman".
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Page 1: Visual arts · Visual arts 1 Visual arts Van Gogh: The Church at Auvers (1890) The visual arts are art forms that create works which are primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics,

Visual arts 1

Visual arts

Van Gogh: The Church at Auvers (1890)

The visual arts are art forms that create works whichare primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics,drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design,crafts, and often modern visual arts (photography,video, and filmmaking) and architecture. Thesedefinitions should not be taken too strictly as manyartistic disciplines (performing arts, conceptual art,textile arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well asarts of other types. Also included within the visualarts[1] are the applied arts[2] such as industrial design,graphic design, fashion design, interior design anddecorative art.[3]

As indicated above, the current usage of the term"visual arts" includes fine art as well as the applied,decorative arts and crafts, but this was not always thecase. Before the Arts and Crafts Movement in Britainand elsewhere at the turn of the 20th century, the termartist was often restricted to a person working in thefine arts (such as painting, sculpture, or printmaking)and not the handicraft, craft, or applied art media. Thedistinction was emphasized by artists of the Arts andCrafts Movement who valued vernacular art forms as much as high forms.[4] Art schools made a distinction betweenthe fine arts and the crafts maintaining that a craftsperson could not be considered a practitioner of art.

The increasing tendency to privilege painting, and to a lesser degree sculpture, above other arts has been a feature ofWestern art as well as East Asian art. In both regions painting has been seen as relying to the highest degree on theimagination of the artist, and the furthest removed from manual labour - in Chinese painting the most highly valuedstyles were those of "scholar-painting", at least in theory practiced by gentleman amateurs. The Western hierarchy ofgenres reflected similar attitudes.

Education and trainingTraining in the visual arts has generally been through variations of the apprentice and workshop system. In Europethe Renaissance movement to increase the prestige of the artist led to the academy system for training artists, andtoday most train in art schools at a tertiary level. Visual arts have now become an elective subject in most educationsystems. (See also art education.)

DrawingDrawing is a means of making an image, using any of a wide variety of tools and techniques. It generally involvesmaking marks on a surface by applying pressure from a tool, or moving a tool across a surface using dry media suchas graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and markers. Digitaltools which simulate the effects of these are also used. The main techniques used in drawing are: line drawing,hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. An artist who excels in drawing isreferred to as a draftsman or draughtsman".

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Visual arts 2

Early historyDrawing goes back at least 16,000 years to Paleolithic cave representations of animals such as those at Lascaux inFrance and Altamira in Spain. In ancient Egypt, ink drawings on papyrus, often depicting people, were used asmodels for painting or sculpture. Drawings on Greek vases, initially geometric, later developed to the human formwith black-figure pottery during the 7th century BC.[5]

RenaissanceWith paper becoming common in Europe by the 15th century, drawing was adopted by masters such as SandroBotticelli, Raphael, Michelangelo, and Leonardo da Vinci who sometimes treated drawing as an art in its own rightrather than a preparatory stage for painting or sculpture.[6]

Painting

Mosaic of Battle of Issus

Nefertari with Isis

Painting taken literally is the practice of applyingpigment suspended in a carrier (or medium) and abinding agent (a glue) to a surface (support) such aspaper, canvas or a wall. However, when used in anartistic sense it means the use of this activity incombination with drawing, composition and otheraesthetic considerations in order to manifest theexpressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.Painting is also used to express spiritual motifs andideas; sites of this kind of painting range from artworkdepicting mythological figures on pottery to TheSistine Chapel to the human body itself.

Origins and early history

Like drawing, painting has its origins in caves and onrock faces. The finest examples, believed by some to be32,000 years old, are in the Chauvet and Lascaux cavesin southern France. In shades of red, brown, yellow andblack, the paintings on the walls and ceilings are ofbison, cattle, horses and deer.

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Raphael: Transfiguration (1520)

Paintings of human figures can be found in the tombs of ancient Egypt. In thegreat temple of Ramses II, Nefertari, his queen, is depicted being led byIsis.[7] The Greeks contributed to the development of painting but much oftheir work has been lost. One of the best remaining representations is themosaic of the Battle of Issus found at Pompeii which was probably based on aGreek painting. Greek and Roman art contributed to Byzantine art in the 4thcentury BC which initiated a tradition in icon painting.

The Renaissance

Apart from the illuminated manuscripts produced by monks during theMiddle Ages, the next significant contribution to European art was fromItaly's renaissance painters. From Giotto in the 13th century to Leonardo daVinci and Raphael at the beginning of the 16th century, this was the richestperiod in Italian art as the chiaroscuro technique was used to create theillusion of 3-D space.[8]

Rembrandt: The Night Watch

Painters in northern Europe too were influenced by the Italianschool. Jan van Eyck from Belgium, Pieter Bruegel the Elder fromthe Netherlands and Hans Holbein the Younger from Germany areamong the most successful painters of the times. They used theglazing technique with oils to achieve depth and luminosity.

Claude Monet: Déjeuner sur l'herbe(1866)

Dutch masters

The 17th century saw the emergence of the great Dutch masters such as theversatile Rembrandt who is especially remembered for his potraits and Biblescenes, and Vermeer who specialized in interior scenes of Dutch life.

Impressionism

Impressionism began in France in the 19th century with a loose association ofartists including Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Paul Cézanne whobrought a new freely brushed style to painting, often choosing to paintrealistic scenes of modern life outside rather than in the studio. They achievedintense colour vibration by using pure, unmixed colours and short brushstrokes.[9]

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Paul Gauguin: The Vision After theSermon (1888)

Edvard Munch: The Scream (1893)

Post-impressionism

Towards the end of the 19th century, several young painters tookimpressionism a stage further, using geometric forms and unnatural colour todepict emotions while striving for deeper symbolism. Of particular note arePaul Gauguin, who was strongly influenced by Asian, African and Japaneseart, Vincent van Gogh, a Dutchman who moved to France where he drew onthe strong sunlight of the south, and Toulouse-Lautrec, remembered for hisvivid paintings of night life in the Paris district of Montmartre.[10]

Symbolism, expressionism and cubism

Edvard Munch, a Norwegian artist, developed his symbolistic approach at theend of the 19th century, inspired by the French impressionist Manet. TheScream (1893), his most famous work, is widely interpreted as representingthe universal anxiety of modern man. Partly as a result of Munch's influence,the German expressionist movement originated in Germany at the beginningof the 20th century as artists such as Ernst Kirschner and Erich Heckel beganto distort reality for an emotional effect. In parallel, the style known ascubism developed in France as artists focused on the volume and space ofsharp structures within a composition. Pablo Picasso and Georges Braquewere the leading proponents of the movement. Objects are broken up,analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form. By the 1920s, the style haddeveloped into surrealism with Dali and Magritte.[11]

Printmaking

The Chinese Diamond Sutra, the world's oldest printedbook (868 CE)

Printmaking is creating for artistic purposes an image on a matrixwhich is then transferred to a two-dimensional (flat) surface bymeans of ink (or another form of pigmentation). Except in the caseof a monotype, the same matrix can be used to produce manyexamples of the print. Historically, the major techniques (alsocalled media) involved are woodcut, line engraving, etching,lithography, and screenprinting (serigraphy, silkscreening) butthere are many others, including modern digital techniques.Normally the surface upon which the print is printed is paper, butthere are exceptions, from cloth and vellum to modern materials.Prints in the Western tradition produced before about 1830 areknown as old master prints. There are other major printmaking

traditions, especially that of Japan (ukiyo-e).

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Ancient Chinese engraving of femaleinstrumentalists

Chinese origins

Albrecht Dürer: Melancholia I (1541)

In China, the art of printmaking developed some 1,100 years ago asillustrations alongside text cut in woodblocks for printing on paper. Initiallyimages were mainly religious but in the Song Dynasty, artists began to cutlandscapes. During the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1616–1911) dynasties,the technique was perfected for both religious and artistic engravings.[12] [13]

European history

In Europe, from around 1400 AD woodcut, was used for master prints onpaper by using techniques for printing on cloth which had been developed inthe Byzantine and Islamic worlds. Michael Wolgemut improved Germanwoodcut from about 1475, and Erhard Reuwich, a Dutchman, was the first touse cross-hatching. At the end of the century Albrecht Dürer brought theWestern woodcut to a level that has never been surpassed, increasing thestatus of the single-leaf woodcut.[14]

PhotographyPhotography is the process of making pictures by means of the action of light. Light patterns reflected or emittedfrom objects are recorded onto a sensitive medium or storage chip through a timed exposure. The process is donethrough mechanical, chemical or digital devices known as cameras.The word comes from the Greek words φως phos ("light"), and γραφις graphis ("stylus", "paintbrush") or γραφηgraphê, together meaning "drawing with light" or "representation by means of lines" or "drawing." Traditionally, theproduct of photography has been called a photograph. The term photo is an abbreviation; many people also call thempictures. In digital photography, the term image has begun to replace photograph. (The term image is traditional ingeometric optics.)

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Filmmaking

Visual arts exhibition in CentreGeorges-Pompidou

Filmmaking is the process of making a motion-picture, from an initialconception and research, through scriptwriting, shooting and recording,animation or other special effects, editing, sound and music work andfinally distribution to an audience; it refers broadly to the creation ofall types of films, embracing documentary, strains of theatre andliterature in film, and poetic or experimental practices, and is oftenused to refer to video-based processes as well.

Computer art

Picture produced by Drawing Machine 2

Visual artists are no longer limited to traditional art media. Computershave been used as an ever more common tool in the visual art since the1960s. Uses for computers in the visual arts include the capturing orcreating of images and forms, the editing of those images and forms(including exploring multiple compositions) and then the finalrendering and/or printing (including 3D printing).

Computer art is any art in which computers played a role inproduction or display of the artwork. Such art can be an image, sound,animation, video, CD-ROM, DVD, video game, website, algorithm,performance or gallery installation. Many traditional disciplines arenow integrating digital technologies and, as a result, the lines betweentraditional works of art and new media works created using computershave been blurred. For instance, an artist may combine traditionalpainting with algorithmic art and other digital techniques. As a result,defining computer art by its end product can thus be difficult.Nevertheless, this type of art is beginning to appear in art museumexhibits, though it has yet to prove its legitimacy as a form unto itselfand this technology is widely seen in contemporary art more as a tool rather than a form as with painting.

Computer usage has blurred the distinctions between illustrators, photographers, photo editors, 3-D modelers, andhandicraft artists. Sophisticated rendering and editing software has led to multi-skilled image developers.Photographers may become digital artists. Illustrators may become animators. Handicraft may be computer-aided oruse computer-generated imagery as a template. Computer clip art usage has also made the clear distinction betweenvisual arts and page layout less obvious due to the easy access and editing of clip art in the process of paginating adocument, especially to the unskilled observer.

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SculptureThe following is a copy of the introductory summary on the Sculpture page

Sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials - typically stone - or marble,metal, glass, or wood. Softer ("plastic") materials can also be used, such as clay, textiles, plastics, polymers andsofter metals.The term has been extended to works including sound, text and light.Found objects may be presented as sculptures. Materials may be worked by removal such as carving; or they may beassembled such as by welding , hardened such as by firing, or molded or cast. Surface decoration such as paint maybe applied.[15] Sculpture has been described as one of the plastic arts because it can involve the use of materials thatcan be moulded or modulated.Sculpture is an important form of public art. A collection of sculpture in a garden setting may be referred to as asculpture garden.

The Plastic arts

Plastic arts is a term, now largely redundant within english usage,specifically encompassing art forms which involve physicalmanipulation of a plastic medium by moulding or modeling such assculpture or ceramics. The term has also been ambiguously applied toall the visual (non-literary, non-musical) arts[16] [17] .

Materials that can be carved or shaped, such as stone or wood, concreteor steel, have also been included in the narrower definition, since, withappropriate tools, such materials are also capable of modulation. Thisuse of the term "plastic" in the arts should not be confused with PietMondrian's use, nor with the movement he termed, in French andEnglish, "Neoplasticism."

Thus even the narrower definition could include Architecture,Ceramics, Collage, Conceptual art, Drawing, Glass art, Land art,Metalworking, Mosaic, Painting, Paper art, the use of plastics withinthe arts or as an artform itself, Printmaking, Sculpture, Textile art,Welding, Woodworking, Film, Film Photography, New media art.

Copyright definition of visual art

In the United States, the law protecting the copyright over a piece ofvisual art gives a more restrictive definition of "visual art". The following quote is from the Copyright Law of theUnited States of America- Chapter 1:[18]

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A “work of visual art” is —(1) a painting, drawing, print or sculpture, existing in a single copy, in a limited edition of 200 copies orfewer that are signed and consecutively numbered by the author, or, in the case of a sculpture, inmultiple cast, carved, or fabricated sculptures of 200 or fewer that are consecutively numbered by theauthor and bear the signature or other identifying mark of the author; or(2) a still photographic image produced for exhibition purposes only, existing in a single copy that issigned by the author, or in a limited edition of 200 copies or fewer that are signed and consecutivelynumbered by the author.A work of visual art does not include —(A)(i) any poster, map, globe, chart, technical drawing, diagram, model, applied art, motion picture orother audiovisual work, book, magazine, newspaper, periodical, data base, electronic informationservice, electronic publication, or similar publication;  (ii) any merchandising item or advertising, promotional, descriptive, covering, or packaging material orcontainer;  (iii) any portion or part of any item described in clause (i) or (ii);(B) any work made for hire; or(C) any work not subject to copyright protection under this title.

See also

• Art materials • Decorative arts • History of film • Portraiture• Asemic writing • Design • History of painting • Old master print• Avant-garde • Eastern art history • History of sculpture • Recording medium• Collage • Fine art • Illustration • Sketch (drawing)• Comics • Found art • Installation art • Sketchbook• Composition • Graffiti • Landscape art • Sound art• Conceptual art • Graphic design • Mail art • Textile arts• Contemporary art • Handicraft • Mathematics and art • Video art• Craft • History of art • Media (arts)• Décollage • History of graphic design • Mixed media

References[1] An About.com article by art expert, Shelley Esaak: What Is Visual Art? (http:/ / arthistory. about. com/ cs/ reference/ f/ visual_arts. htm?p=1)[2] Visual Arts in Germany as a Career Choice (http:/ / www-en. studienwahl. de/ index. aspx?e1=4& e2=3& e3=20& e4=0& e5=0& e6=0&

tn=0)[3] http:/ / www. georgebrown. ca/ centres/ AD/ index. aspx Centre for Arts and Design in Toronto, Canada[4] Art History: Arts and Crafts Movement: (1861-1900). From World Wide Arts Resources (http:/ / wwar. com/ masters/ movements/

arts_and_crafts_movement. html). Retrieved 24 October 2009.[5] History of Drawing. From Dibujos para Pintar. (http:/ / www. dibujosparapintar. com/ english_activities/ drawing_course_history. html)

Retrieved 23 October 2009.[6] Drawing. From History.com (http:/ / www. history. com/ encyclopedia. do?vendorId=FWNE. fw. . dr085000. a#FWNE. fw. . dr085000. a).

Retrieved 23 October 2009.[7] History of Painting. From History World (http:/ / www. historyworld. net/ wrldhis/ PlainTextHistories. asp?groupid=1320&

HistoryID=ab20& gtrack=pthc). Retrieved 23 October 2009.[8] History of Renaissance Painting. From ART 340 Painting (http:/ / faculty. evansville. edu/ rl29/ art340/ f04/ renaissancepainting. html).

Retrieved 24 October 2009.[9] Impressionism. Webmuseum, Paris. (http:/ / www. ibiblio. org/ wm/ paint/ glo/ impressionism/ ) Retrieved 24 October 2009[10] Post-Impressionism. Metropolitan Museum of Art (http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ toah/ hd/ poim/ hd_poim. htm). Retrieved 25 October

2009.[11] Modern Art Movements. Irish Art Encyclopedia (http:/ / www. visual-arts-cork. com/ modern-art-movements. htm). Retrieved 25 October

2009.

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Visual arts 9

[12] Engraving in Chinese Art. From Engraving Review (http:/ / www. engraving-review. com/ chinese-art-engraving. html). Retrieved 23October 2009.

[13] The History of Engraving in China. From ChinaVista (http:/ / www. chinavista. com/ experience/ engrave/ engrave. html). Retrieved 25October 2009.

[14] The Printed Image in the West: History and Techniques. The Metropolitan Museum of Art (http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ toah/ hd/ prnt/hd_prnt. htm). Retrieved 25 October 2009.

[15] Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity September 22, 2007 Through January 20, 2008, The Arthur M. Sackler Museum(http:/ / www. artmuseums. harvard. edu/ exhibitions/ sackler/ godsInColor. html)

[16] ART TERMINOLOGY at KSU (http:/ / docs. ksu. edu. sa/ DOC/ Articles19/ Article190588. doc)[17] Merriam-Webster Online (entry for "plastic arts") (http:/ / www. merriam-webster. com/ dictionary/ plastic arts)[18] Copyright Law of the United States of America- Chapter 1 (101. Definitions) (http:/ / www. copyright. gov/ title17/ 92chap1. html#101)

Further reading• Barnes, A. C., The Art in Painting, 3rd ed., 1937, Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., NY.• Bukumirovic, D. (1998). Maga Magazinovic. Biblioteka Fatalne srpkinje knj. br. 4. Beograd: Narodna knj.• Fazenda, M. J. (1997). Between the pictorial and the expression of ideas: the plastic arts and literature in the

dance of Paula Massano. N.p.• Gerón, C. (2000). Enciclopedia de las artes plásticas dominicanas: 1844-2000. 4th ed. Dominican Republic s.n.• Laban, R. V. (1976). The language of movement: a guidebook to choreutics. Boston: Plays.• La Farge, O. (1930). Plastic prayers: dances of the Southwestern Indians. N.p.• Restany, P. (1974). Plastics in arts. Paris, New York: N.p.• University of Pennsylvania. (1969). Plastics and new art. Philadelphia: The Falcon Pr.

External links• ArtLex (http:/ / www. artlex. com/ ) - online dictionary of visual art terms.• Art History Timeline (http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ toah/ splash. htm) by the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

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Article Sources and Contributors 10

Article Sources and ContributorsVisual arts  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=395248625  Contributors: 123pecca, 4twenty42o, Adjusting, Allen Moore, AnakngAraw, Apostle12, Apparition11, Argusmom,Artaxerex, Artincontext, Artistpres, Avoris, BanyanTree, Barticus88, Birchcliff, Bjankuloski06en, Black Shoop, Bobet, Brunberg, Bus stop, Clubmarx, Cobain, Cosmopolitancats, Cowboy456,Cyrus Andiron, D. Recorder, DARTH SIDIOUS 2, Dana smk, DavidParfitt, Dbachmann, Dingbusan, Dogears, DrGML, Edal, Edward321, Enriquevi16, Erianna, Ericpfund, Excirial, Filippowiki,Freiwilliger, Freshacconci, Funandtrvl, GangstaEB, Gantuya eng, Ghgugiff, Gidonb, Gnostril, Grhabyt, Grégory Leclair, Gwazda, HN45, Haakon, HalfShadow, Ham, I8munkies, Ike9898,Ipigott, Iridescent, J04n, JCarriker, JGS, Jack Bethune, Jauhienij, Jean-François Clet, JeffW, Jenblower, Johnbod, Johnmc, Juliancolton, Jyusin, Kingpin13, Knutux, L Kensington, LAgurl,Laurghita, Lile, Linkspamremover, Lithoderm, MER-C, Mandarax, Mantanera, MarylandArtLover, Maurreen, Mboverload, Mdd, Melaniesharrison, Merphant, Michael Hardy, Mike Rosoft,Mikepanhu, Mister X, Modernist, Mrs Scarborough, Nb99, Necz0r, Nex O-Slash, Notpietru, Nsaa, Odonata, Oicumayberight, PKM, Pagingmrherman, Penguinwithin, PhantomS, Philip Trueman,Philip1966, Physicistjedi, Prof saxx, Quadell, Radagast83, RainbowOfLight, Ranveig, Rasmus Faber, Reidlophile, Research Method, ResidueOfDesign, Reveller, RexNL, Rich Farmbrough,Robertbyrne, Ronhjones, Sara USA, SarcasticDwarf, Shadowhillway, Show007, Simenzo, SingCal, Skol fir, Sparkit, Srleffler, Symane, TAG.Odessa, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, Tarnas,TastyPoutine, Taxisfolder, Teapotgeorge, Thais1, That Guy, From That Show!, The Man in Question, The Transhumanist, The Transhumanist (AWB), Thx2005, Tide rolls, Tomisti, Treisijs, TrevM, Tyrenius, User27091, Varlaam, Versus22, Viriditas, Visor, Visual arts, WBardwin, Wavelength, Whyaduck, Wizard191, 192 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:L'église d'Auvers-sur-Oise.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:L'église_d'Auvers-sur-Oise.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Benchaum, Chatsam, Revas,Siebrand, W., Wst, Zolo, 1 anonymous editsFile:Battle of Issus.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Battle_of_Issus.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Andreagrossmann, DenghiùComm, Finizio, G.dallorto,JMCC1, LEW21, Mac9, Slarre, Talmoryair, WolfgangRieger, Wst, 11 anonymous editsFile:Ankh isis nefertari.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ankh_isis_nefertari.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: died 4000 years agoFile:Raphael Spasimo.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Raphael_Spasimo.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Original uploader was Attilios at en.wikipediaFile:The Nightwatch by Rembrandt.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Nightwatch_by_Rembrandt.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Bjankuloski06en,DeeMusil, Duesentrieb, Gräff Matthias, Herald Alberich, Mattes, Mcke, Mormegil, QWerk, Takabeg, Tony Wills, UpstateNYer, Vincent Steenberg, ŻbiczekFile:Monet dejeunersurlherbe.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Croberto68, Docu, Elegant's,Fabos, Gveret Tered, Javierme, Olivier2, Sumanch, ZoloFile:Paul Gauguin 137.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Paul_Gauguin_137.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: AndreasPraefcke, Bohème, EDUCA33E,Emijrp, JMK, Julien Carnot, Olivier2, Oxxo, Vriullop, W., Wst, Zolo, 2 anonymous editsFile:The Scream.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Scream.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: Edvard MunchFile:Jingangjing.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Jingangjing.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Athaenara, Earthsound, Sitethief, UmnikFile:Ancientchineseinstrumentalists.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ancientchineseinstrumentalists.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Badagnani, Thivierr,4 anonymous editsFile:Dürer Melancholia I.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Dürer_Melancholia_I.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Donarreiskoffer, Jarekt, Karel K., Mattes,Rainer Zenz, Wutsje, 3 anonymous editsFile:Visual-art-Pompidou-centre.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Visual-art-Pompidou-centre.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: User:EdalImage:wiki.Picture by Drawing Machine 2.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Wiki.Picture_by_Drawing_Machine_2.jpg  License: Free Art License  Contributors:Elaine O'Hanrahan, Father GooseFile:Souhed.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Souhed.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: User:Louise anaïseFile:Destin-commun.gif  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Destin-commun.gif  License: unknown  Contributors: User:René boutinFile:Vue de l'installation ö .jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Vue_de_l'installation_ö_.jpg  License: unknown  Contributors: User:René boutin

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