VIDEO STEGANOGRAPHY

LAZY WAVELET TRANSFORM

BASED STEGANOGRAPHY IN

VIDEO

KRISHNA C (4)

RESHMA S (33)

RESHMA SUNNY (34)

SHAJANA K BASHEER (44)

S8 ECE B

PROJECT GUIDE : NIMMY M PHILIP

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CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM

4. METHODOLOGY

a. SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

b. FLOW CHART

5. RESULTS

6. APPLICATIONS

7. CONCLUSION

8. FUTURE SCOPE

9. REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION

• Information hiding – utmost importance in today’s world

• Data easily available in digital format

• Unauthorised copying on the rise

• Two disciplines of information hiding:

• Steganography

• Digital Watermarking

• Digital Watermarking:

• process of hiding digital information in a carrier signal.

• To verify authenticity.

• Maybe embedded in audio, video, text etc.

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• Steganography:

• Data maybe hidden in image, audio or video.

• Media used for hiding – cover.

• Hidden data – text, image, audio, video etc.

• Hidden message – imperceptible to viewers.

• Message encrypted hidden in the cover

• Our project deals with Steganography of video files into

video file.

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LITERATURE SURVEY1. An Overview of Steganography[2]

Shawn D. Dickman

• Steganography is a useful tool that allows transmission of

information over an communication channel.

• It comes from Greek language, “Stegos” meaning hidden, and

“Graphia” writing.

• Modifications to the data in the cover file must have insignificant

or no impact to the final presentation.

• Least significant bit of each sample- less impact to the graphical

representation of the data.

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• Using a 24-bit image, a bit of each of the red, green and blue

colour components can be used, since they are each

represented by a byte.

• A grid for 3 pixels of a 24-bit image can be as follows:

(00101101 00011100 11011100)

(10100110 11000100 00001100)

(11010010 10101101 01100011)

• When the number 200 (11001000-binary), is embedded into

the LSB of this part of the image, the resulting grid is :

(00101101 00011101 11011100)

(10100110 11000101 00001100)

(11010010 10101100 01100011)

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2. Integer Wavelet Transforms using the Lifting

Scheme[3]

• Conventional wavelet transform does not guarantee thereversibility.

• Lifting scheme is an algorithm to calculate wavelet transformsin an efficient way.

• Three steps

1. Lazy wavelet transform

2. Dual lifting

3. Primal lifting Lazy

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• Lifting scheme can be modified easily to a transform that maps

integers to integers-hence reversible

• Input image divided into non-overlapping subbands and

embeds a secret data into the high frequency wavelet

coefficients.

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3. Overview: Main Fundamentals for Steganography

[4]

Steganography Types

1. Pure steganography : no stego key

2. Secret key steganography : stego key is exchanged

prior to communication.

3. Public key steganography : a public key and a private key

is used.

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Characterization of steganography systems

1. Capacity : Total number of bits hidden and successfully

recovered by the Stego system

2. Robustness : Ability of the embedded data to remain intact if

the stego-system undergoes transformation

3. Invisibility : Concept based on the properties of the human

visual system.

Average human subject is unable to distinguish between

carriers that do contain hidden information and those that do not.

4. Security : Embedded algorithm is secure if the embedded

information is not subject to removal after being discovered by

the attacker

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Steganography V/s Cryptography

Steganography

• Cover message + secret

message + key

• Does not alter structure of

secret message.

• Prevents the discovery of

existence of communication.

• Little known technology.

Cryptography

• Secret message + key

• Alters structure of secret

message.

• Prevents discovery of

contents of communication.

• Common technology.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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• Cover video : Video used for hiding secret video (large size)

• Secret video : Secret message to be transmitted (small size)

• Lazy Wavelet Transform : Covert each frame in spatial

domain into frequency domain (Generate four subbands)

• LSB substitution : Replace each LSB of cover video with

secret video data.

• Inverse lazy wavelet transform : Combine four subbands

and covert each frame in frequency domain into spatial

domain.

• Embedded Video : Cover video + Secret video

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METHODOLOGY

A) SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

• Software used: MATLAB.

• MATLAB:

• Fourth generation programming language.

• Developed by MathWorks.

• High performance language for technical computing.

• Allows interfacing of programs written in other

programming languages like C, C++, Java etc.

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• Wide variety of inbuilt functions.

-VideoReader : Read video

- rgb2gray : Covert RGB image to Gray scale image

- lwt2 : Do lazy wavelet transformation

• User-defined functions can also be used.

• Some user-defined functions used in our program

• Stegno: Performing steganography on subbands of video frames.

• Datahiding: hiding data into LSB of the selected sub band.

• Destegno: for extracting the hidden video file.

• Dataextract: for extracting data from LSB of sub band.

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B) FLOW CHART

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RESULTS

1. LWT OUTPUT

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2. COMPARISON

Histogram before hiding Histogram after hiding

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First frame before hiding First frame after hiding

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3. PSNR

Peak signal to noise ratio of First frame after hiding:

87.0820 dB

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APPLICATIONS• Confidential communication and secret data storing

• Protection of data alteration

• Access control system for digital content distribution

• Media Database systems

Fields of application

• Defense and intelligence

• Medical

• On-line banking

• On-line transaction

• To stop music piracy

• Other financial and commercial purposes

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CONCLUSION

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• The project provides a new method for video steganography

• The method considers the visual part of the video as a set of

images or frames in which the secure data which is encrypted is

actually stored.

• Steganography in our current digital age can be attributed to the

desire of individuals to hide communication through a medium

rife with potential listener.

• This increased interest is evidenced in the sheer number of

available tools to provide easy steganographic techniques to the

end user.

• In areas where cryptography and strong encryption are being

outlawed, steganography used to circumvent such policies and

pass messages.

• The battle between cryptographers and cryptanalysis, security

experts and hackers, steganography and Steganalysis will

continually develop new techniques to counter each other.

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FUTURE SCOPE

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• Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) used for steganographyowing to its difficulty in detecting hidden information in VoIPstreams.

• Steganography is capable of mitigating piracy by aidingcopyright marking.

• Digital camera manufacturers could implement steganographicfeatures as a part of camera firmware to annotate pictures withthe photographer's copyright information.

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•The other areas that could conceivably be employed to hide

messages are:

Holography technology.

Infrared (e.g. programmable IR hand controls for computers

Pagers).

Colored glasses that filter all but intended wavelengths to make

hidden messages visible.

Ink, magnetic, thermochromic, photochromic.

DNA message hiding.

REFERENCES

[1]Lazy Wavelet Transform Based Steganography in Video

Khushman Patel,Kul Kauwid Rora, Kamini Singh,Shekhar Verma Deptof CSE, IIIT Allahabad, Allahabad (U.P.),2014

[2] An overview of image steganography

T. Morkel 1, J.H.P. Eloff 2, M.S. Olivier 3,Information and Computer Security Architecture (ICSA) Research Group Department of Computer Science University of Pretoria, South Africa

[3] Integer Wavelet Transforms using the Lifting Scheme

Geert uytterhoeven dirk roose adhemar bultheel Department of Computer Science Katholieke University

[4] Overview: Main Fundamentals for Steganography

Zaidoon Kh. AL-Ani, A.A.Zaidan, B.B.Zaidan and Hamdan.O.Alanazi

Journal of computing, volume 2, issue 3, march 2010, issn 2151-9617

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