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VERBS VERBS If you can do it, it is a If you can do it, it is a VERB! VERB!
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VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Dec 23, 2015

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Page 1: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

VERBSVERBS

If you can do it, it is a VERB!If you can do it, it is a VERB!

Page 2: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Kinds of VerbsKinds of Verbs

ActionAction

LinkingLinking

HelpingHelping

Physical or mental actionPhysical or mental action Describes a state of Describes a state of

being. It connects the being. It connects the subject with a word in the subject with a word in the predicate that explains or predicate that explains or describes the subject (PN describes the subject (PN or PA).or PA).

Helping verbs attach to Helping verbs attach to the main verb. It helps the main verb. It helps the main verb express an the main verb express an action (Helping verb + action (Helping verb + action verb = verb action verb = verb phrase)phrase)

Page 3: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Action VerbsExample Action Verbs

GoGo SwimSwim EatEat FollowFollow DrinkDrink ListenListen FlyFly BelieveBelieve

CompareCompare AnalyzeAnalyze InterpretInterpret DevelopDevelop CleanClean SitSit StandStand DriveDrive

Page 4: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Linking VerbsLinking Verbs Be Be AmAm Is Is AreAre WasWas WereWere BeingBeing BeenBeen

AppearAppear BecomeBecome FeelFeel GrowGrow LookLook RemainRemain SeemSeem SmellSmell SoundSound StayStay TasteTaste TurnTurn

Page 5: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Helping VerbsHelping Verbs BeBe AmAm IsIs AreAre WasWas WereWere HaveHave HasHas HadHad DoDo DoesDoes DidDid

MayMay MightMight MustMust CanCan CouldCould ShallShall ShouldShould WillWill WouldWould BeingBeing BeenBeen

Page 6: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Objects of VerbsObjects of Verbs

Direct Object Direct Object Indirect ObjectIndirect Object

Page 7: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Direct ObjectDirect Object

Direct Object – receives the action of the Direct Object – receives the action of the verbverb

Noun or pronounNoun or pronounFollows an action verbFollows an action verbAnswers the questions What? or Whom?Answers the questions What? or Whom?

If the action verb has a D.O., it is called a If the action verb has a D.O., it is called a transitive verb. If there is no D.O., it is transitive verb. If there is no D.O., it is called an intransitive verb.called an intransitive verb.

Page 8: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Direct ObjectExample Direct Object

She studied math for homework.She studied math for homework.Subject = sheSubject = sheAction verb = studiedAction verb = studiedDirect object = math (It answers “What” Direct object = math (It answers “What”

she studied.)she studied.)

Page 9: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Indirect ObjectIndirect Object

Indirect object – indirectly receives the Indirect object – indirectly receives the action of the verbaction of the verb

Noun or pronounNoun or pronounFollows an action verbFollows an action verbComes before a direct objectComes before a direct objectAnswers the questions To What? For Answers the questions To What? For

What? To Whom? Or For Whom?What? To Whom? Or For Whom?

Page 10: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Indirect ObjectExample Indirect Object

He bought Mandy a bouquet of flowers.He bought Mandy a bouquet of flowers.Subject = heSubject = heAction verb = boughtAction verb = boughtDirect object = bouquet (it answers the Direct object = bouquet (it answers the

question “What” he bought)question “What” he bought) Indirect object = Mandy (It answers the Indirect object = Mandy (It answers the

question “For Whom” he bought the question “For Whom” he bought the flowers.)flowers.)

Page 11: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Linking Verb and Predicate WordsLinking Verb and Predicate Words

Predicate NounPredicate NounPredicate AdjectivePredicate Adjective

Page 12: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Predicate NounPredicate Noun

Noun or pronounNoun or pronounFollows a linking verbFollows a linking verbRenames or defines the subject (The Renames or defines the subject (The

subject and PN can switch places and the subject and PN can switch places and the sentence will make sense.)sentence will make sense.)

Page 13: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example PNExample PN

He is a teacher.He is a teacher.Subject = heSubject = heLinking verb = isLinking verb = isPN = teacher (Teacher and he can switch PN = teacher (Teacher and he can switch

places and the sentence is still correct.)places and the sentence is still correct.)

Page 14: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Predicate AdjectivePredicate Adjective

AdjectiveAdjectiveFollows a linking verbFollows a linking verbDescribes the subject Describes the subject

Page 15: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example PAExample PA

She is beautiful.She is beautiful.Subject = sheSubject = sheLinking verb = isLinking verb = isPA = beautifulPA = beautiful

Page 16: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Principal Parts of VerbsPrincipal Parts of Verbs

The principal parts of verbs are used to The principal parts of verbs are used to create all tenses of verbs.create all tenses of verbs.

PresentPresentPastPastPresent ParticiplePresent ParticiplePast ParticiplePast Participle

Page 17: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

PresentPresent

Indicates time in the presentIndicates time in the presentBase form of a verbBase form of a verb

For example: start or wearFor example: start or wear

Page 18: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

PastPast

Verbs used to indicate something Verbs used to indicate something happened at a previous point in time.happened at a previous point in time.

Most verbs in the past tense add “ed” to Most verbs in the past tense add “ed” to the end. the end.

For example: start becomes For example: start becomes startedstartedSome verbs in the past tense are irregular. Some verbs in the past tense are irregular.

They totally change spelling. They totally change spelling.

For example: wear becomes For example: wear becomes worewore

Page 19: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Present ParticiplePresent Participle

The present participle is used to indicate The present participle is used to indicate that something is currently happening. that something is currently happening.

Form the present participle by adding “ing” Form the present participle by adding “ing” to the base form of the word and “be”, to the base form of the word and “be”, “am”, or “is” in front of this new word.“am”, or “is” in front of this new word.

For example: start becomes For example: start becomes is startingis starting

wear becomes wear becomes is wearingis wearing

Page 20: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Past ParticiplePast Participle

The past participle is used to indicate something The past participle is used to indicate something happened at an undefined period of time.happened at an undefined period of time.

To form the past participle 1. Add “ed” to the end To form the past participle 1. Add “ed” to the end of a regular verb or correctly create the past of a regular verb or correctly create the past participle tense of an irregular verb 2. Add “has”, participle tense of an irregular verb 2. Add “has”, “have”, or “had” in front of the verb“have”, or “had” in front of the verb

For example: 1. start becomes For example: 1. start becomes has startedhas started

2. wear becomes 2. wear becomes has wornhas worn

Page 21: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Irregular VerbsIrregular Verbs

Irregular verbs do not follow the normal pattern Irregular verbs do not follow the normal pattern of conjugation into each of the principal parts of of conjugation into each of the principal parts of verbsverbs

These verbs often change spelling to form the These verbs often change spelling to form the past, present participle, and past participle past, present participle, and past participle tenses. There are a few verbs that keep the tenses. There are a few verbs that keep the same spelling for all four principal parts.same spelling for all four principal parts.

The only way to know these verbs is to The only way to know these verbs is to memorize them. memorize them.

Page 22: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Sample Common Irregular VerbsSample Common Irregular Verbs(not a complete list of irregular verbs)(not a complete list of irregular verbs)

PresentPresent PastPast Present ParticiplePresent Participle Past ParticiplePast Participle

BeginBegin BeganBegan Is beginningIs beginning Has begunHas begun

BlowBlow BlewBlew Is blowingIs blowing Has blownHas blown

DoDo DidDid Is doingIs doing Has doneHas done

DrinkDrink DrankDrank Is drinkingIs drinking Has drunkHas drunk

GoGo Went Went Is goingIs going Has goneHas gone

WriteWrite WroteWrote Is writingIs writing Has writtenHas written

Break Break BrokeBroke Is breakingIs breaking Has brokenHas broken

BecomeBecome BecameBecame Is becomingIs becoming Has becomeHas become

BringBring BroughtBrought Is bringingIs bringing Has broughtHas brought

BurstBurst BurstBurst Is burstingIs bursting Has burstHas burst

SwimSwim SwamSwam Is swimmingIs swimming Has swumHas swum

KnowKnow KnewKnew Is knowingIs knowing Has knownHas known

Page 23: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Simple TensesSimple Tenses

We use clocks and watches to tell time. We use verbs We use clocks and watches to tell time. We use verbs the same way. The tense of the verb tells time in the the same way. The tense of the verb tells time in the sentence.sentence.

Present – action that happens nowPresent – action that happens now Past – action that already happenedPast – action that already happened Future – action that will happenFuture – action that will happen Present Progressive – “be”, “am”, “is” or “are” plus a verb Present Progressive – “be”, “am”, “is” or “are” plus a verb

ending with “ing” – means something is in progressending with “ing” – means something is in progress Past Progressive – “was” or “were” plus a verb ending with Past Progressive – “was” or “were” plus a verb ending with

“ing” – means something was in progress“ing” – means something was in progress Future Progressive – “will be” plus a verb ending with “ing” – Future Progressive – “will be” plus a verb ending with “ing” –

means something will be in progressmeans something will be in progress

Page 24: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Present TensePresent Tense

Base form of the verb modified to agree Base form of the verb modified to agree with the subject in number.with the subject in number.

For example: We run to the store.For example: We run to the store.

She runs to the store.She runs to the store.

Page 25: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Past TensePast Tense

Create the past tense by adding an “ed” to Create the past tense by adding an “ed” to the base verb, if it is a regular verb. If it is the base verb, if it is a regular verb. If it is an irregular verb, change the verb an irregular verb, change the verb accordingly.accordingly.

For example: We create things. For example: We create things. (present)(present)

We created things.We created things. (past (past regular)regular)

We drink water.We drink water. (present)(present)

We drank water.We drank water. (past irregular)(past irregular)

Page 26: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Future TenseFuture Tense

Form the future tense by adding “will” or Form the future tense by adding “will” or “shall” to the base form of the verb. “shall” to the base form of the verb.

For example: They swim in the pool. For example: They swim in the pool. (present)(present)

They will swim in the pool. They will swim in the pool. (future)(future)

Page 27: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Present ProgressivePresent Progressive

Shows that the action(s) is (are) in Shows that the action(s) is (are) in progressprogress

You are learning English.You are learning English.

Page 28: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Past ProgressivePast Progressive

Shows the action(s) was (were) in Shows the action(s) was (were) in progressprogress

You were learning English.You were learning English.

Page 29: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Future ProgressiveFuture Progressive

Shows the actions(s) will be in progressShows the actions(s) will be in progress

You will be learning English.You will be learning English.

Page 30: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Perfect TensesPerfect Tenses

Present PerfectPresent PerfectPast PerfectPast PerfectFuture PerfectFuture Perfect

Page 31: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Present PerfectPresent Perfect The present perfect tense is used to show something The present perfect tense is used to show something

that is existing or happening sometime before now. Key that is existing or happening sometime before now. Key word – during word – during

Form the present perfect tense by 1. creating the correct Form the present perfect tense by 1. creating the correct past participle of the verb and 2. add “have” or “has” in past participle of the verb and 2. add “have” or “has” in front of it.front of it.

For example: I wear jeans. For example: I wear jeans. (present) [irregular verb](present) [irregular verb]

I have worn jeans. I have worn jeans. (present perfect)(present perfect)

He looks nice.He looks nice. (present) [regular verb](present) [regular verb]

He has looked niceHe has looked nice. . (present perfect)(present perfect)

Page 32: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Past PerfectPast Perfect The past perfect tense is used to show something The past perfect tense is used to show something

existing or happening before a specific time in the past. existing or happening before a specific time in the past. (It is a double past something happened before (It is a double past something happened before something else happened) Key word - aftersomething else happened) Key word - after

Form the past perfect by 1. creating the correct past Form the past perfect by 1. creating the correct past participle of the verb and 2. add “ had” in front of the participle of the verb and 2. add “ had” in front of the main verbmain verbFor example: She walked the trail. For example: She walked the trail. (past ) [regular verb](past ) [regular verb]

She had walked the trail. She had walked the trail. (past perfect)(past perfect)

The compost became soil. The compost became soil. (past) [irregular (past) [irregular verb]verb]

The compost had become soil. The compost had become soil. (past (past perfect)perfect)

Page 33: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Future PerfectFuture Perfect The future perfect tense is used to represent something The future perfect tense is used to represent something

existing or happening before a specific time in the future. existing or happening before a specific time in the future. (It is a double future. Something happens before (It is a double future. Something happens before something else happens.) Key word - beforesomething else happens.) Key word - before

To form the future perfect 1. form the past participle of To form the future perfect 1. form the past participle of the verb 2. add “will have” or “shall have” in front of the the verb 2. add “will have” or “shall have” in front of the past participle.past participle.For example: She has smiled today.For example: She has smiled today. (past participle) [regular verb](past participle) [regular verb]

She will have smiled today. (future perfect)She will have smiled today. (future perfect)

They have worn boots. (past participle) [irregular They have worn boots. (past participle) [irregular verb]verb] They will have worn boots. (future perfect)They will have worn boots. (future perfect)

Page 34: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Troublesome Verb PairsTroublesome Verb Pairs

Sit and setSit and setRise and raiseRise and raiseLie and layLie and layLet and LeaveLet and Leave

Know the proper definition of each word to Know the proper definition of each word to be able to spell and use it correctly.be able to spell and use it correctly.

Page 35: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Sit and SetSit and Set

Sit – means “to be Sit – means “to be seated” or “to rest”seated” or “to rest”

(no object)(no object)

Set – means “to place Set – means “to place or put something” or put something” (usually takes a direct (usually takes a direct object)object)

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

sitsit satsat is sittingis sitting have sathave sat

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

setset setset is settingis setting have sethave set

Page 36: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Sit and SetExample Sit and Set Please, sit in your chair. (present)Please, sit in your chair. (present) He sat in his seat, yesterday. (past)He sat in his seat, yesterday. (past) He is sitting in his seat. (present participle)He is sitting in his seat. (present participle) He has sat there for an hour. (past participle)He has sat there for an hour. (past participle)

Set your books on the desk. (present)Set your books on the desk. (present) She set her book on the desk. (past)She set her book on the desk. (past) She is setting her book on the desk. (present participle)She is setting her book on the desk. (present participle) She has set her book on the desk. (past participle)She has set her book on the desk. (past participle)

Page 37: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Rise and RaiseRise and Raise

Rise – means “to go Rise – means “to go upward” or “to get upward” or “to get up.” (no object)up.” (no object)

Raise – means “to lift Raise – means “to lift something up” something up” (usually takes a direct (usually takes a direct object)object)

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

riserise roserose is risingis rising have risenhave risen

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

raiseraise raisedraised is raisingis raising have raisedhave raised

Page 38: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Rise and RaiseExample Rise and Raise They always rise early on Sunday. (present)They always rise early on Sunday. (present) They rose early on Sunday. (past)They rose early on Sunday. (past) They are rising early on Sunday. (present participle)They are rising early on Sunday. (present participle) They have risen early on Sunday. (past participle)They have risen early on Sunday. (past participle)

They raise geese. (present)They raise geese. (present) They raised geese. (past)They raised geese. (past) They are raising geese. (present participle)They are raising geese. (present participle) They have raised geese. (past participle)They have raised geese. (past participle)

Page 39: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Lie and LayLie and Lay

Lie – means “to Lie – means “to recline” or “to be in recline” or “to be in place” (no object)place” (no object)

Lay – means “to put Lay – means “to put down” or “to place” down” or “to place” (usually takes a direct (usually takes a direct object)object)

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

lielie laylay is lyingis lying have lainhave lain

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

laylay laidlaid is layingis laying have laidhave laid

Page 40: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Lie and LayExample Lie and Lay Lie down and take a nap. (present)Lie down and take a nap. (present) He lay down and took a nap. (past)He lay down and took a nap. (past) He is lying down for a nap. (present participle)He is lying down for a nap. (present participle) He has lain down for a nap. (past participle)He has lain down for a nap. (past participle)

Lay your clothes on the bed. (present)Lay your clothes on the bed. (present) She laid her clothes on the bed. (past)She laid her clothes on the bed. (past) She is laying her clothes on the bed. (present participle)She is laying her clothes on the bed. (present participle) She has laid her clothes on the bed. (past participle)She has laid her clothes on the bed. (past participle)

Page 41: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Let and LeaveLet and Leave

Let – means “to allow” Let – means “to allow” or “to permit” (it can or “to permit” (it can have an object)have an object)

Leave – means “to Leave – means “to depart” or “to allow depart” or “to allow something to remain something to remain where it is.” (it can where it is.” (it can have an object)have an object)

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

letlet letlet is is lettingletting

has lethas let

PresentPresent PastPast Present Present participleparticiple

Past Past participleparticiple

leaveleave leftleft is is leavingleaving

has lefthas left

Page 42: VERBS If you can do it, it is a VERB!. Kinds of Verbs Action Action Linking Linking Helping Helping Physical or mental action Physical or mental action.

Example Let and LeaveExample Let and Leave Mom let me do the dishes. (present)Mom let me do the dishes. (present) Yesterday, Mom let me do the dishes. (past)Yesterday, Mom let me do the dishes. (past) Mom is letting me do the dishes tonight. (present Mom is letting me do the dishes tonight. (present

participle)participle) Mom has let me do the dishes all week. (past participle)Mom has let me do the dishes all week. (past participle)

I leave for work at 5:30 A.M. (present)I leave for work at 5:30 A.M. (present) I left for work at 5:30 A.M. (past)I left for work at 5:30 A.M. (past) I am leaving for work at 5:30 A.M. (present participle)I am leaving for work at 5:30 A.M. (present participle) I have left for work at 5:30 A.M. (past participle)I have left for work at 5:30 A.M. (past participle)