Unit 2 Practice Exam
Oct 10, 2015
21
Practice Test
1.As the seventeenth century wore on, regional differences continued to crystalize, most notably
a)the use of indentured servants.
b)loyalty to England.
c)the continuing rigidity of Puritanism.
d)the breaking of the Atlanta economy.
e)the importance of slave labor in the south.
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2.The population of the Chesapeake colonies, throughout the first half of the seventeenth century, was notable for its
a)fast growth rate.
b)scarcity of women.
c)low death rate.
d)stable family life.
e)large percentage of middle-aged men.
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3.In 1650, males in the Chesapeake area competed for the affections of the extremely scarce women, whom they outnumbered nearly
a)six to one.
b)ten to one.
c)fifteen to one.
d)twenty to one.
e)There is no statistical data.
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4.In the seventeenth century, due to a high death rates, families were both few and fragile in
a)New England.
b)the Chesapeake colonies.
c)the middle colonies.
d)Georgia.
e)Florida.
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5.During the seventeenth century, indentured servitude solved the labor problem in many English colonies for all of the following reasons except that
a)the Indian population proved to be an unreliable work force because they died in such large numbers.
b)African slaves cost too much money.
c)in some areas families formed too slowly.
d)Spain had stopped sending slaves to its New World colonies.
e)families procreated too slowly.
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6.The headright system, which made some people very wealthy, consisted of
a)using Indians as forced labor.
b)giving land to indentured servants to get them to come to the New World.
c)giving the right to acquire fifty acres of land to the person paying the passage of a laborer to America.
d)discouraging the importation of indentured servants to America.
e)giving a father's wealth to the oldest son.
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7.By 1700, the most populous colony in English America was
a)Massachusetts.
b)Virginia.
c)New York.
d)Pennsylvania.
e)Maryland.
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8.Seventeenth-century colonial tobacco growers usually responded to depressed prices for their crop by
a)selling slaves to reduce productive labor.
b)selling land to reduce their volume of production.
c)growing more tobacco to increase their volume of production.
d)planting corn and wheat instead of tobacco.
e)releasing unneeded indentured servants early.
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9.__________ reaped the greatest benefit from the land policies of the headright system.
a)Indentured servants
b)African slaves
c)Merchant planters
d)New England colonists
e)Slave owners
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10.For their labor in the colonies, indentured servants received all of the following excepta)passage to America.
b)a suit of clothes.
c)a few barrels of corn.
d)a headright.
e)at times, a small parcel of land.
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11.English yeomen who agreed to exchange their labor temporarily in return for payment of their passage to an American colony were called
a)headrights.
b)burgesses.
c)indentured servants.
d)slaves.
e)birds of passage.
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12.Throughout the greater part of the seventeenth century, the Chesapeake colonies acquired most of the labor they needed from
a)African slaves.
b)white servants.
c)captured Indians.
d)West Indian natives.
e)prisoners of war.
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13.Most immigrants to the Chesapeake colonies in the seventeenth century came as
a)indentured servants.
b)slaves from Africa.
c)yeomen farmers.
d)urban artisans.
e)refugees from civil war in Europe.
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14.Over the course of the seventeenth century, most indentured servants
a)became landowners.
b)devolved into slavery.
c)managed to escape the terms of their contracts.
d)faced increasingly harsh circumstances.
e)saw their wages increase.
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15.By the end of the seventeenth century, indentured servants who gained their freedom
a)often gained great wealth as more land opened for settlement.
b)rarely returned to work for their masters.
c)almost always found high-paying jobs in the cities.
d)had little choice but to hire themselves out for low wages to their former masters.
e)often returned to England penniless and broke.
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16.Bacon's Rebellion was supported mainly by
a)young men frustrated by their inability to acquire land.
b)the planter class of Virginia.
c)those protesting the increased importation of African slaves.
d)people from Jamestown only.
e)the local Indians.
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17.The immediate reason for Bacon's Rebellion was
a)Indian attacks on frontier settlements.
b)the wealthy planter class losing control of the colony.
c)a shortage of indentured servants.
d)to halt the importation of African slaves.
e)All of these
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18.As a result of Bacon's Rebellion
a)African slavery was reduced.
b)planters began to look for less troublesome laborers.
c)Governor Berkeley was dismissed from office.
d)Nathaniel Bacon was named to head the Virginia militia.
e)better relations developed with local Indians.
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19.The majority of African slaves coming to the New World
a)went to English North America.
b)were delivered to South America and the West Indies.
c)came to New England.
d)were brought by the Dutch.
e)died before reaching their destination.
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20.All of the following are reasons for increased reliance on slave labor, after 1680, in colonial American excepta)higher wages in England reduced the number of emigrating servants.
b)planters feared the growing number of landless freemen in the colonies.
c)the British Royal African company lost its monopoly on the slave trade in colonial America.
d)Americans rushed to cash in on the slave trade.
e)the numbers of indentured servants continued to increase in the colonies.
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21.Many of the slaves who reached North America
a)came from eastern Africa.
b)were originally captured by African coastal tribes.
c)were captured in southern Africa.
d)eventually gained their freedom.
e)settled in the middle colonies.
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22.For those Africans who were sold into slavery, the middle passage can be best described as
a)the trip from the interior of Africa to the coast.
b)the easiest part of their journey to America.
c)the journey from American parts to their new homes.
d)the gruesome ocean voyage to America.
e)None of these
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23.Identify the statement that is false.
a)Most of the early African immigrants gained their freedom.
b)The legal difference between a slave and a servant was unclear early on in colonial history.
c)Slavery in American began for economic reasons.
d)Slavery was harshest in the deep South.
e)Some slaves became slave owners once they were freed.
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24.The physical and social conditions of slavery were harshest in
a)Maryland.
b)Virginia.
c)South Carolina.
d)Massachusetts.
e)Pennsylvania.
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25.All of the following are true conditions of the Chesapeake, as compared to the Deep South, excepta)tobacco was less physically demanding than rice.
b)tobacco plantations were larger and closer to one another, allowing for more contact with friends and relatives.
c)the proportion of female slaves in the Chesapeake had begun to rise.
d)it was one of the few slave societies in history to perpetuate itself by its own natural reproduction.
e)even though the slave population began to rise, family life was still impossible.
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26.African American contributions to American culture include all of the following excepta)jazz music.
b)the banjo.
c)the piano.
d)a variety of words.
e)bongo drums.
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27.While slavery might have begun in America for economic reasons,
a)it soon became clear by 1700 that profits were down.
b)race was rarely an issue in relations between blacks and whites.
c)racial discrimination also powerfully molded the American slave system.
d)profit soon played a very small role.
e)Europe profited most from the institution.
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28.The slave society that developed in North America was one of the few slave societies in history to
a)produce a new culture based entirely on African heritage.
b)rebel against its masters.
c)see a reduction in the number of slaves through suicide.
d)develop its own techniques of growing corn and wheat.
e)perpetuate itself by its own natural reproduction.
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29.The slave culture that developed in America
a)was derived exclusively from African roots.
b)rejected Christianity.
c)was Muslim in its religious teachings.
d)contained many Western elements that remained thoroughly European.
e)was a uniquely New World creation.
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30.Slave Christianity emphasized all of the following in their faith excepta)Jesus was the Messiah who would deliver them from bondage.
b)the concepts of humility and obedience.
c)heaven was a place where they would be reunited with their ancestors.
d)God's freeing the Hebrews from slavery.
e)using religious songs as encoded messages about escape.
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31.Compared with indentured servants, African American slaves were
a)less reliable workers.
b)more likely to rebel.
c)cheaper to buy and own.
d)a more manageable labor force.
e)less expensive to buy but more expensive to keep.
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32.As slavery spread in the South
a)social differences within society narrowed.
b)the great plantation owners worked less.
c)gaps in the social structure widened.
d)planters tried to imitate the ways of English country gentlemen.
e)it also increased dramatically in New England.
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33.Most of the inhabitants of the colonial American South were
a)large merchant planters.
b)landowning small farmers.
c)landless farm laborers.
d)black slaves.
e)native Americans.
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34.Urban development in the colonial South
a)rivaled that of New England.
b)kept pace with the growth of large plantations.
c)led to the construction of an excellent highway system.
d)was slow to emerge.
e)occurred without the development of a professional class.
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35.At the bottom of the social class in the South were the
a)landless farmers.
b)indentured servants.
c)small farmers.
d)slaves.
e)tenant farmers.
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36.It was typical of colonial New England adults to
a)marry early and have several children.
b)be unable to read and write.
c)arrive in New England unmarried.
d)die before becoming grandparents.
e)live solitary lives.
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37.The New England family can best be described as
a)relatively small in size due to the frequency of deaths from childbirth.
b)a very stable institution.
c)a limiting factor in the growth of the region's population.
d)not very close-knit.
e)similar to the family in the Chesapeake colonies.
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38.Southern colonies generally allowed married women to retain separate title to their property because
a)of religious beliefs.
b)of English tradition.
c)southern men frequently died young.
d)southern families were stable.
e)of a smaller number of men than women.
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39.Puritans refused to recognize a woman's separate property rights because
a)of the short life span of New England women.
b)they worried that such rights would undercut the unity of married persons.
c)New England families were so rare.
d)there was so little land available.
e)All of these
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40.In seventeenth-century colonial America, all of the following are true regarding women excepta)women had no rights as individuals.
b)women could not vote.
c)women were regarded as morally weaker than men.
d)a husband's power over his wife was not absolute.
e)abusive husbands were punished.
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41.The expansion of New England society
a)proceeded in an orderly fashion.
b)was a rather haphazard process.
c)was undertaken by lone-wolf farmers on their own initiative.
d)took place without the approval of the colonial legislature.
e)led to little concern about the community as a whole.
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42.When new towns were established in New England, all of the following were true excepta)a land grant was given by the legislature.
b)a meeting house was built.
c)a village green was laid out.
d)schools were required in towns of more than fifty families.
e)families did not automatically receive land.
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43.The Puritan system of congregational church government logically led to
a)an authoritarian political government.
b)the early establishment of religious toleration.
c)democracy in political government.
d)the end of town meetings.
e)complete equality between men and women.
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44.Thomas Jefferson once observed that the best school of political liberty the world ever saw was the
a)College of William and Mary.
b)Virginia House of Burgesses.
c)New England town meeting.
d)Chesapeake plantation system.
e)English parliament.
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45.All of the following were consequences of the Half-Way Covenant excepta)it weakened the distinction between the elect and others.
b)it maintained the original agreement of the covenant.
c)it conferred partial membership rights in the once-exclusive congregations.
d)it increased the numbers of church members.
e)women became the majority in the Puritan congregations.
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46.The Half-Way Covenant
a)allowed full communion for all nonconverted members.
b)strengthened the distinction between the elect and all others.
c)brought an end to the jeremiads of Puritan ministers.
d)resulted in a decrease in church members.
e)admitted to baptism, but not full membership, the unconverted children of existing members.
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47.The Salem witchcraft trials were
a)a result of Roger Williams's activities.
b)the result of unsettled social and religious conditions in rapidly evolving Massachusetts.
c)caused by ergot in the Puritans' bread.
d)unique to the English colonies.
e)accusations made by the daughters of business owners.
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48.During the Salem witchcraft trials, most of those accused as witches were
a)property-owning women.
b)from the ranks of poor families.
c)primarily un-Christian.
d)women in their late teen years.
e)from subsistence farming families.
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49.The Salem witch hunt in 1692
a)was the largest witch hunt in recorded history.
b)was the first in the English American colonies.
c)was opposed by the more responsible members of the clergy.
d)was ultimately of little consequence for those who were accused of witchcraft.
e)did not see anyone put to death.
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50.As a result of poor soil, all of the following conditions prevailed in New England except that
a)reliance on a single, staple crop became a necessity.
b)the area was less ethnically mixed than its southern neighbors.
c)frugality became essential to economic survival.
d)hard work was required to make a living.
e)diversification in agriculture and industry were encouraged.
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51.The New England economy depended heavily on
a)slave labor.
b)the production of many staple crops.
c)fishing, shipbuilding, and commerce.
d)tobacco.
e)rice production.
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52.In contrast to the Chesapeake colonies, those in New England
a)had a more diversified economy.
b)expanded westward in a less orderly fashion.
c)had a more ethnically mixed population.
d)were more oriented toward the individual than toward community interests.
e)followed the land use pattern established by the local Indians.
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53.The English justified taking land from the native inhabitants on the grounds that the Indians
a)were not Christians.
b)wasted the earth.
c)burned woodlands.
d)refused to sell it.
e)did not have a legal right to it.
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54.The combination of Calvinism, soil, and climate in New England resulted in the people there possessing which of the following qualities?
a)Energy
b)Stubbornness
c)Self-reliance
d)Resourcefulness
e)All of these
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55.The impact of New England on the rest of the nation can best be described as
a)greatly exaggerated.
b)generally negative.
c)confined primarily to New England.
d)extremely important.
e)moderately important.
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56.Compared with most seventeenth-century Europeans, Americans lived in
a)relative poverty.
b)larger cities.
c)affluent abundance.
d)a more rigid class system.
e)more primitive circumstances.
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57.The late-seventeenth-century rebellion in New York was headed by ____________________, whereas that in Maryland was led by __________.
a)Nathaniel Bacon, Catholics
b)William Berkeley, slaves
c)Puritans, Indians
d)Jacob Leisler, Protestants
e)the Dutch, Catholics
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58.All of the following are reasons the thirteen Atlantic seaboard colonies sought independence excepta)distinctive social structures.
b)distinctive economic structures.
c)distinctive political structures.
d)distinctive ethnic or racial structures.
e)the appearance of a recognizably American way of life.
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59.Identify the statement that is false.
a)In 1700, the Atlantic seaboard colonies contained fewer than 300,000 inhabitants.
b)In 1700, only about 20,000 inhabitants were blacks.
c)By 1775, the Atlantic seaboard colonies contained almost 2.5 million inhabitants.
d)By 1775, the black population rose to over 1 million.
e)White immigrants in 1775 made up about 400,000 of the inhabitants.
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60.One feature common to all of the eventually rebellious colonies was their
a)relatively equal wealth.
b)economic organization.
c)similar social structures.
d)rapidly growing populations.
e)support of religious freedom.
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61.As a result of the rapid population growth in colonial America during the eighteenth century
a)a momentous shift occurred in the balance of power between the colonies and the mother country.
b)the British government was pleased that more workers would be available to fill an increasing need for laborers in Britain.
c)the need for slave labor declined.
d)the colonists became more dependent on Britain for the goods that they needed to survive.
e)the British government granted greater autonomy to colonial governments.
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62.The population growth of the American colonies by 1775 is attributed mostly to
a)white immigration from Europe.
b)the natural fertility of Native Americans.
c)the importation of slaves from Africa.
d)the influx of immigrants from Latin America.
e)the natural fertility of all Americans.
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63.The average age of the American colonists in 1775 was
a)30.
b)27.
c)25.
d)20.
e)16.
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64.By 1775, which of the following communities could not be considered a city in colonial America?
a)New York
b)Charlestown
c)Philadelphia
d)Boston
e)Baltimore
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65.By the end of the 1700s, what was the percentage of people living in rural areas of colonial America?
a)25 percent
b)40 percent
c)60 percent
d)75 percent
e)90 percent
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66.The Scots-Irish can best be described as
a)pugnacious, lawless, and individualistic.
b)loyal to the British king.
c)people who did not like to move.
d)builders of sturdy homes and well-kept farms.
e)strong supporters of the Catholic Church.
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67.With regard to governmental authority, the Scots-Irish colonists
a)showed remarkable willingness to follow authority.
b)supported only Britain.
c)cherished no love for the British or any other government.
d)stated a preference for Catholic authority.
e)established good relations with local Indians.
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68.An armed march in Philadelphia in 1764, protesting the Quaker oligarchy's lenient policy toward the Indians was known as
a)Bacon's Rebellion.
b)March of the Paxton Boys.
c)Regulator Movement.
d)Shays' Rebellion.
e)Oligarchy Revolution.
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69.In North Carolina, spearheaded by the Scotch-Irish, a small insurrection against eastern domination of the colony's affair was known as
a)Bacon's Rebellion.
b)March of the Paxton Boys.
c)Regulator Movement.
d)Shays' Rebellion.
e)Whiskey Rebellion.
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70.By 1775, the ___ were the largest non-English ethnic group in colonial America.
a)Africans
b)Germans
c)West Indians
d)Scots-Irish
e)Irish
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71.The population of the thirteen American colonies was
a)about evenly divided among Anglo-Saxons, French, Scots-Irish, and Germans.
b)perhaps the most diverse in the world, although it remained predominantly Anglo-Saxon.
c)overwhelmingly African.
d)the less diverse in the world.
e)None of these
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72.The South held about ___ percent of the slaves in the thirteen colonies of North America.
a)100
b)90
c)80
d)70
e)50
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73.The most ethnically diverse region of colonial America was ________________________, whereas ____________ was the least ethnically diverse.
a)New England, the South
b)the middle colonies, the South
c)the South, New England
d)the middle colonies, New England
e)the frontier regions, New England
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74.Identify the statement that is false.
a)The population of the thirteen colonies, mainly Anglo-Saxon, was the least mixed to be found anywhere in the world.
b)The South, holding about 90 percent of the slaves, displayed its historic black-and-white racial composition.
c)New England, mostly staked out by the original Puritan migrants, showed the least ethnic diversity.
d)The Middle Colonies received the bulk of later white immigrants and boasted the most variety of peoples.
e)In 1775, outside of New England, about one-half the population was non-English.
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75.During the colonial era, all of the following peoples created new societies out of diverse ethnic groups in America excepta)English.
b)Africans.
c)Asians.
d)Indians.
e)French.
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76.In contrast to the seventeenth century, by 1775, colonial Americans
a)had become more stratified into social classes and had less social mobility.
b)had all but eliminated poverty.
c)found that it was easier for ordinary people to acquire land.
d)had nearly lost their fear of slave rebellion.
e)had few people who owned small farms.
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77.On the eve of the American Revolution, social and economic mobility decreased, partly because
a)some merchants made huge profits as military suppliers.
b)of peacetime economic developments.
c)fewer yeoman farmers were arriving from Europe.
d)of the religious impact of the Puritans.
e)of the increase in the slave trade.
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78.By the mid-1700s, the number of poor people in the American colonies
a)became greater than in all of Europe.
b)had increased to the point of overpopulation.
c)had begun to decline from seventeenth-century levels.
d)remained tiny compared with the number in England.
e)was about one-third of the population.
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79.In 1760, colonial legislatures were so concerned about the dangers present in a heavy concentration of resentful slaves that they tried passing legislation that would halt the further importation of slaves to their colony. However, this measure was blocked by the British authorities, who sought to continue to provide the cheap labor. Which of the following colonial legislatures sought this measure?
a)South Carolina
b)North Carolina
c)Georgia
d)Virginia
e)Maryland
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80.When several colonial legislatures attempted to restrict or halt the importation of slaves, British authorities
a)applauded the efforts.
b)vetoed such efforts.
c)allowed only South Carolina's legislation to stand.
d)viewed such colonial actions as morally callous.
e)did nothing.
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81.The riches created by the growing slave population in the American South
a)were distributed evenly among whites.
b)helped to narrow the gap between rich and poor.
c)created a serious problem with inflation.
d)were not distributed evenly among whites.
e)enabled poor whites to escape tenant farming.
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82.The most honored profession in early colonial society was
a)medicine.
b)law.
c)the ministry.
d)farming.
e)the merchants.
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83.The least honored profession in early colonial society was
a)medicine.
b)teacher.
c)minister.
d)farmer.
e)merchant.
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84.By the eighteenth century, the various colonial regions had distinct economic identities; the northern colonies relied on __________, the Chesapeake colonies relied on __________, and the southern colonies relied on __________.
a)cattle and grain, tobacco, rice and indigo
b)furs and skins, tobacco, iron works
c)rice and indigo, lumber and timber, tobacco
d)shipbuilding, iron works, cattle and grain
e)cattle and grain, tobacco, fishing
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85.Agriculture was the leading industry, involving about ___ percent of the people.
a)90
b)75
c)65
d)50
e)45
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86.The leading industry in the American colonies was
a)fishing.
b)manufacturing.
c)commerce.
d)agriculture.
e)slave trading.
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87.One of the surest avenues to speedy wealth in the American colonies was
a)commercial ventures.
b)a plantation.
c)fishing.
d)manufacturing.
e)selling slaves.
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88.The triangular trade of the colonial American shipping industry
a)was not that profitable.
b)involved America, France, and England.
c)relied on the Spanish fleet for protection.
d)saw the Spanish gaining the largest profits.
e)involved the trading of rum for African slaves.
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89.Identify the statement that is false.
a)The triangular trade was infamously profitable and made up most of the colonial commerce.
b)A trader would leave New England with a cargo of rum and sail to the Gold Coast of Africa.
c)A trader would barter rum with African chiefs for captured African slaves.
d)A trader would travel to the West Indies with the African slaves for molasses.
e)A trader would travel to New England with the molasses, where it would be distilled into rum.
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90.Although manufacturing in the colonies was of only secondary importance, they did produce which of the following?
a)Rum
b)Beaver hats
c)Lumber
d)Iron
e)All of these
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91.The most important manufacturing enterprise in colonial America in the eighteenth century was
a)iron making.
b)arms and munitions production.
c)lumbering.
d)rum distilling.
e)making clothes.
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92.What proportion of the British merchant marine fleet was American built?
a)One-fourth
b)One-third
c)Two-thirds
d)Three-fifths
e)None
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93.Which of the following was not considered to be a naval store?
a)Tar
b)Pitch
c)Rosin
d)Turpentine
e)Glass
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94.One feature of the American economy that strained the relationship between the colonies and Britain was the
a)British demand to halt the importation of slaves.
b)growing desire of Americans to trade with other nations in addition to Britain.
c)lack of any British regulations regarding trade with foreign nations.
d)British rejection of the Molasses Act.
e)the Americans' unwillingness to trade with the French West Indies.
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95.When the British Parliament passed the Molasses Act in 1733, it intended the act to
a)stimulate the colonies' triangle trade with Africa and the West Indies.
b)satisfy colonial demands for earning foreign exchange money.
c)inhibit colonial trade with the French West Indies.
d)increase the colonists' standard of living and protect the livelihood of colonial merchants.
e)require Americans to sell their molasses to British merchants.
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96.American colonists sought trade with countries other than Great Britain
a)in order to gain their independence.
b)mainly to anger the king.
c)to anger Parliament.
d)to help strengthen the French.
e)to make money to buy what they wanted in Britain.
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97.Transportation in colonial America was
a)surprisingly fast for the time.
b)safer by road than by any other means.
c)slow by any of the means available.
d)so poor that no mail service was established until the 1800s.
e)fast only on the waterways.
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98.Colonial American taverns were all of the following excepta)frequented mainly by the lower class.
b)another cradle of democracy.
c)hotbeds of agitation for the Revolutionary movement.
d)important in crystallizing public opinion.
e)places providing amusements.
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99.English officials tried to establish the Church of England in as many colonies as possible because
a)they were concerned about the eternal souls of the colonists.
b)the church would act as a major prop for royal authority.
c)such an action would restore enthusiasm for religion.
d)the American colonists supported such a move.
e)such an action brought in more money to England.
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100.In 1775, the _______________ churches were the only two established (tax-supported) churches in colonial America.
a)Methodist and Anglican
b)Presbyterian and Congregational
c)Congregational and Anglican
d)Quaker and Catholic
e)Presbyterian and Anglican
Ans: Page:97
101.As the Revolution approached, Presbyterian and Congregational ministers in general
a)remained neutral.
b)supported the Revolutionary cause.
c)sided with the Anglican clergymen.
d)opposed the idea of revolution.
e)split on the issue of independence.
Ans: Page:98
102.By the early eighteenth century, religion in colonial America was
a)stronger than at any previous time.
b)holding steadfastly to the belief that spiritual conversion was essential for church membership.
c)moving away from clerical intellectualism.
d)less fervid than when the colonies were established.
e)becoming less tolerant.
Ans: Page:98
103.The religious doctrine of the Armenians held that
a)predestination determined a person's eternal fate.
b)good works could get you into heaven.
c)Calvin's ideas should be followed without question.
d)emotion had no place in religion.
e)individual free will determined a person's eternal fate.
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104.The New Light preachers of the Great Awakening
a)delivered intensely emotional sermons.
b)rarely addressed themselves to the matter of individual salvation.
c)reinforced the established churches.
d)were ultimately unsuccessful in arousing the religious enthusiasm of colonial Americans.
e)opposed the emotionalism of the revivalists.
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104.The Great Awakening
a)undermined the prestige of the learned clergy in the colonies.
b)split colonial churches into several competing denominations.
c)led to the founding of Princeton, Dartmouth, and Rutgers colleges.
d)was the first spontaneous mass movement of the American people.
e)All of these
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105.The time-honored English ideal, which Americans accepted for some time, regarded education as
a)essential training for citizenship.
b)designed for men and women.
c)reserved for the aristocratic few.
d)unimportant for leaders.
e)designed for rich and poor alike.
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106.In colonial America, education was most zealously promoted
a)in the South.
b)in New England.
c)on the frontier.
d)in the middle colonies.
e)in those areas controlled by Spain.
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107.Colonial schools and colleges placed their main emphasis on
a)math.
b)science.
c)modern languages.
d)literature.
e)religion.
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108.The first American college free from denominational control was
a)Harvard.
b)Yale.
c)New York University.
d)Brown University.
e)the University of Pennsylvania.
Ans: Page:101
109.All of the following contributed to the lack of development of art and artists in early colonial America excepta)simplicity of pioneering life.
b)lack of subjects to paint.
c)lack of talent among the Americans.
d)lack of patrons who could afford the expensive art.
e)lack of art schools in America.
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110.Culture in colonial America
a)involved heavy investment in art.
b)was generally ignored and unappreciated.
c)showed its native creativity in architecture.
d)was always important to the colonists.
e)for a long time rejected any European influence.
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111.The person most often called the first civilized American was
a)Thomas Jefferson.
b)John Trumbull.
c)John Winthrop.
d)Phillis Wheatley.
e)Benjamin Franklin.
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112.All of the following are achievements of Benjamin Franklin excepta)the lightning rod.
b)influential poetry.
c)bifocal glasses.
d)a highly efficient stove.
e)author of Poor Richard's Almanack.Ans: Page:102-103
113.The jury's decision in the case of John Peter Zenger, a newspaper printer, was significant because
a)he was found guilty.
b)it supported English law.
c)it pointed the way to open public discussion.
d)the ruling prohibited criticism of political officials.
e)it allowed the press to print irresponsible criticisms of powerful people.
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114.One political principle that colonial Americans came to cherish above most others was
a)the property qualification for voting.
b)one man, one vote.
c)the separation of powers.
d)self-taxation through representation.
e)restricting the right to vote to men only.
Ans: Page:104
115.By 1775, most governors of American colonies were
a)appointed by colonial proprietors.
b)appointed by the king.
c)elected by popular vote.
d)elected by the vote of colonial legislatures.
e)appointed by the British Parliament.
Ans: Page:104
116.Colonial legislatures were often able to bend the power of the governors to their will because
a)the governors often had a greater sense of loyalty to their colony than to the king.
b)the governors were usually chosen by colonial legislatures and could be removed from office by the legislatures.
c)the king generally held the views of colonial legislators in higher regard than those of the governors.
d)colonial legislatures controlled taxes and expenditures that paid the governors' salaries.
e)of the threat of violence.
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117.In colonial elections
a)most eligible voters zealously exercised their right to vote.
b)the right to vote was reserved for property holders.
c)only a small landed elite had the right to vote.
d)average citizens were usually elected to office.
e)true democracy had arrived.
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118.By the mid-eighteenth century, North American colonies shared all of the following similarities excepta)complete democracy.
b)basically English in language.
c)Protestant in religion.
d)opportunity for social mobility.
e)some degree of ethnic and religious toleration.
Ans: Page:106
119.Beginning with the seventeenth century, America
a)stayed out of European wars if possible.
b)relied totally on the British for defense.
c)started wars in Europe.
d)was involved in every world war since 1688.
e)fought wars on both land and sea.
Ans: Page:109
120.The soldier and explorer whose leadership earned him the title Father of New France was
a)Samuel de Champlain.
b)Robert de La Salle.
c)Antoine Cadillac.
d)Des Moines.
e)Edward Vincennes.
Ans: Page:110
121.France was finally able to join in the scramble for colonies in the New World as a result of the
a)Protestant takeover of the French government.
b)end of the religious wars.
c)revocation of the Edict of Nantes.
d)St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre.
e)Seven Years' War.
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122.Government in New France (Canada) was
a)almost completely autocratic.
b)democratic.
c)similar to that of the English colonies.
d)noted for its trial by jury.
e)free from the king's control.
Ans: Page:110
123.Unlike the English colonies in America, in New France
a)there were no popularly elected assemblies.
b)the crown refused to promote the welfare of French colonization.
c)the population grew very rapidly.
d)no valuable resources for exploitation existed.
e)the colonists practiced religious toleration.
Ans: Page:110
124.The population in Catholic New France grew very slowly because
a)French peasants were not allowed to move.
b)the Protestant Huguenots refused to move there.
c)the French government was more concerned with its Caribbean island colonies.
d)disease took a heavy toll on New France's inhabitants.
e)of constant attacks by the Huron Indians.
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125.The one valuable resource in New France was
a)fish.
b)gold.
c)trees.
d)corn.
e)beavers.
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126.The coureurs de bois were
a)French soldiers.
b)French boatmen.
c)Catholic priests.
d)French farmers.
e)French fur trappers.
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127.The primary economic pursuit of early settlers in New France was
a)farming.
b)fishing.
c)mining.
d)fur trapping.
e)rum manufacturing.
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128.The Indians suffered from their association with the French in New France in all of the following ways excepta)exclusion from the fur business.
b)decimation of their numbers by the white man's diseases.
c)violation of their religious beliefs.
d)debauchery by the white man's alcohol.
e)weakening of their traditional way of life.
Ans: Page:111
129.The Jesuit priests, despite their initial failure in gaining converts, played a vital role because
a)of the many converts to Catholicism.
b)of the health care they provided.
c)they made peace with the Indians.
d)they encouraged the Indians to participate in the fur trade.
e)of their exploration and work as geographers.
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130.The French wanted to control Louisiana because they
a)liked its climate.
b)wanted to keep the area unfortified.
c)would then control the mouth of the Mississippi.
d)feared Dutch expansion into the territory.
e)saw it as a dumping ground for undesirables.
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131.French motives in the New World included the desire to
a)establish agricultural communities to produce profitable staple crops.
b)convert Indians to Protestantism.
c)compete with Spain for an empire in America.
d)provide a place for French religious dissenters to settle.
e)compete with Portugal for an empire in America.
Ans: Page:112
132.The early wars between France and Britain in North America were notable for the
a)large number of troops committed by both sides.
b)lack of Indian participation.
c)carryover of European tactics to America.
d)use of primitive guerrilla warfare.
e)advanced technology used during the warfare.
Ans: Page:113
133.During a generation of peace following the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, Britain provided its American colonies with
a)a large military presence for protection.
b)decades of salutary neglect.
c)higher taxes passed by Parliament.
d)stronger parliamentary direction.
e)representative seats in the British Parliament.
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134.The War of Jenkins's Ear was
a)fought in European waters.
b)a great victory for Spain.
c)confined to the Caribbean Sea and Georgia.
d)the event that established the policy of salutary neglect.
e)a defeat for France.
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135.The War of Jenkins's Ear resulted in
a)France allying itself with Britain.
b)British troops being involved in every territory in North America.
c)France losing its vast holdings in North America.
d)the colony of Georgia fighting the Spanish to a standstill.
e)Spain allying itself with Russia against France and Britain.
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136.New England colonists were outraged when British diplomats returned _______________ to France in 1748.
a)Hudson Bay
b)Acadia
c)Louisbourg
d)Newfoundland
e)Nova Scotia
Ans: Page:114
137.The clash between Britain and France for control of the North American continent sprang from their rivalry for control of
a)Cape Breton Island.
b)the Ohio River Valley.
c)the Mississippi River.
d)the Great Lakes.
e)the St. Lawrence River.
Ans: Page:115
138.The reason Britain needed to control the Ohio Valley was to
a)continue their westward pushing for continued economic security and supremacy of their way of life.
b)ensure defeat of the French in the War of Jenkins Ear.
c)halt the growth of Spanish imposition in North America.
d)secure the Mississippi River and continue pushing further south to control all of Mexico.
e)link their Canadian holdings with those of the lower Mississippi Valley.
Ans: Page:115
139.The reason France needed to control the Ohio Valley was to
a)stop Spain from extending its empire.
b)help win the War of Jenkins's Ear.
c)stop the Indian attacks on its outposts.
d)link its Canadian holdings with those of the lower Mississippi Valley.
e)be able to put more of its settlers there in order to increase farm production.
Ans: Page:115
140.In his first military command in the French and Indian War, George Washington
a)won a decisive and hard-fought battle at Fort Duquesne.
b)was defeated at Fort Necessity but was allowed to retreat.
c)received strong support from the British.
d)helped to force the French out of Nova Scotia.
e)turned his twenty years of military experience to great success.
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141.The Seven Years' War was also known in America as
a)the War of Jenkins's Ear.
b)the French and Indian War.
c)the War of the Austrian Succession.
d)King William's War.
e)Queen Anne's War.
Ans: Page:116
142.All of the following were allies in the French and Indian War excepta)France.
b)Prussia.
c)Spain.
d)Austria.
e)Russia.
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143.In the colonial wars before 1754, Americans
a)functioned as a unified fighting force.
b)received more support from France than Britain.
c)demonstrated an astonishing lack of unity.
d)were not involved in combat.
e)rarely involved Indians in the fighting.
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144.The immediate purpose of the Albany Congress of 1754 was to
a)request the help of the British military.
b)keep the Iroquois tribes loyal to the British.
c)prevent the French from attacking American outposts.
d)support George Washington's desire to head the colonial militia.
e)block British efforts to take control of New York City.
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145.Unlike the first three Anglo-French wars, the Seven Years' War
a)won the British territorial concessions.
b)united British colonists in strong support of the mother country.
c)was fought initially on the North American continent.
d)did not affect American colonists' attitudes toward England.
e)resulted in a stronger French presence in North America.
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146.Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity; (B) General Edward Braddock is defeated near Fort Duquesne; (C) British troops capture Louisbourg in their first significant victory of the French and Indian War; and (D) General James Wolfe's army defeats Montcalm's on the Plains of Abraham.
a)B, A, D, C
b)A, B, C, D
c)C, B, A, D
d)A, C, B, D
e)A, B, D, C
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147.The long-range purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754 was to
a)achieve colonial unity and common defense against the French threat.
b)propose independence of the colonies from Britain.
c)declare war on the Iroquois tribe.
d)prohibit New England and New York from trading with the French West Indies.
e)gain peace with France.
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148.Benjamin Franklin published in his Pennsylvania Gazette his most famous cartoon of the colonial era, a disjointed snake, which
a)promoted the idea that America, if they accepted the Albany Plan, would be cut apart and die.
b)promoted the idea that America, if they did not accept the Albany Plan, would be cut apart and die.
c)argued that the British would cut apart the French (like the snake) once the Albany Plan was accepted.
d)implied that the French was like the snake, waiting to be cut apart by the Albany Plan.
e)promoted the idea that the French, if they accepted the Albany Plan, would join forces with the British and be united, unlike the disjointed snake.
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149.Benjamin Franklin's plan for colonial home rule was rejected by the individual colonies because
a)it did not provide for the common defense.
b)the British approved it.
c)it did not seem to give enough independence to the colonies.
d)they did not feel that they had been well represented at the Albany Congress.
e)it placed too much power in the hands of local governments.
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150.As a result of General Braddock's defeat a few miles from Fort Duquesne
a)the British controlled the frontier.
b)George Washington was left without a military command.
c)the frontier from Pennsylvania to North Carolina was open to Indian attack.
d)General Braddock was forced to leave the military.
e)the British called off their planned invasion of Canada.
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151.The British invasion of Canada in 1756 during the Seven Years' War
a)resulted in victory for Britain.
b)concentrated on Quebec and Montreal.
c)followed sound strategic planning.
d)ended in defeat.
e)resulted in British control of the St. Lawrence River.
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152.When William Pitt became prime minister during the Seven Years' War, he
a)ended Parliament's practice of reimbursing the colonies for their war-related expenditures.
b)ordered a full-scale assault on the French West Indies.
c)relied heavily on the older, more cautious generals in the British Army.
d)focused his military strategy on the Quebec-Montreal area.
e)remained popular with the wealthy but not the poor.
Ans: Page:119
153.The 1759 Battle of Quebec
a)had little impact on the Seven Years' War.
b)was a key turning point in Queen Anne's War.
c)was a dramatic victory for the French.
d)ended the war of French succession.
e)ranks as one of the most significant victories in British and American history.
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154.In the peace arrangements that ended the Seven Years' War
a)France surrendered all of its territorial claims to North America.
b)England turned Florida over to Spain.
c)Spain ceded all of Louisiana, including New Orleans, to Britain.
d)France lost all its valuable sugar islands in the West Indies.
e)the British got all of Canada except Nova Scotia.
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155.As a result of the Seven Years' War, Great Britain
a)gained control of Louisiana.
b)became the dominant power in North America.
c)annexed the island of Cuba.
d)gained exclusive control of the slave trade.
e)All of these
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156.For the American colonies, the Seven Years' War
a)ended the myth of British invincibility.
b)left them in need of experienced officers.
c)offered the opportunity to grow closer to the British.
d)gave them the opportunity to finally gain control of Mississippi.
e)helped improve relations between Britain and the colonies.
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157.During the Seven Years' War
a)colonial militiamen were impressed with the seeming invincibility of the British regulars.
b)British officers roundly praised the skillful fighting ability of colonial troops.
c)British officials were disturbed by the lukewarm support of many colonials.
d)the colonists lost confidence in their own military capability.
e)all American trade with Spain and France ended.
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158.With the end of the Seven Years' War, the disunity, jealousy, and suspicion that had long existed in the American colonies
a)continued without change.
b)began to melt somewhat.
c)finally came to a complete end.
d)resulted in renewed acts of violence.
e)None of these
Ans: Page:121
159.The disunity that existed in the colonies before the Seven Years' War can be attributed to all of the following excepta)the enormous distances between the colonies.
b)geographical barriers like rivers.
c)conflicting religions.
d)varied nationalities.
e)contempt for the British government.
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160.France had to give up its vision of a North American New France when
a)its fishing industry faltered.
b)farming proved to be unprofitable.
c)King Louis XIV died.
d)it was defeated by the British in 1713 and 1763.
e)it could not entice enough settlers to America.
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161.With the British and American victory in the Seven Years' War
a)the American colonies grew closer to Britain.
b)Americans now feared the Spanish.
c)a new spirit of independence arose, as the French threat disappeared.
d)the Indians were stopped from ever again launching a deadly attack against whites.
e)the British no longer retaliated against the Indians.
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162.In a sense, the history of the United States began with the
a)Revolutionary War.
b)July 4, 1776, signing of the Declaration of Independence.
c)Boston Tea Party.
d)founding of the first colony in 1607.
e)fall of Quebec and Montreal.
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163.With the defeat of Chief Pontiac and his alliance, the British decided to
a)stabilize Indian-white relations.
b)let the colonists assume financial responsibility for defending themselves.
c)remove troops stationed in the colonies.
d)enlist the aid of France to halt the Indian menace.
e)open land west of the Appalachian mountains to settlement.
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164.Chief Pontiac decided to try to drive the British out of the Ohio Valley because
a)the British were weak as a result of the Seven Years' War.
b)the British had deliberately infected Indians with smallpox.
c)of the Proclamation of 1763.
d)the Indians were in a precarious position.
e)the French government had promised to help.
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165.The Proclamation of 1763 was designed mainly to
a)oppress the colonists.
b)punish the Indians.
c)show the power of Parliament.
d)allow western settlement by the colonists.
e)work out a fair settlement of the Indian problem.
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166.In the wake of the Proclamation of 1763
a)American colonists obeyed the law they hated.
b)relations with France improved.
c)relations between the American colonies and the British government improved.
d)the American colonies believed their destiny had been destroyed.
e)American colonists moved west, defying the Proclamation.
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167.The Proclamation of 1763
a)was warmly received by American land speculators.
b)removed the Spanish and Indian menace from the colonial frontier.
c)declared war on Chief Pontiac and his fierce warriors.
d)prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.
e)opened Canada to American settlement.
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