Understanding stress session

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S Y M P T O M S O F S T R E S S . A N X I E T Y

UNDERSTANDING STRESS.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

• Aim;• To identify the effects of stress and anxiety on sporting

performance.

• Objectives;• Identify the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous

system. • Describe anxiety and how it can affect sporting

performance. • Explain the affects on sporting performance.

SESSION RECAP.

• Class test!• How did that make you feel?• How do you think that can affect your performance?

• What are the different types of stress?• What are the causes of stress?

SYMPTOMS OF STRESS

• If you find yourself in threatening situation;• Your stress response is activated.

• The way you respond, depends on how you view the threat. • Positive or negative

• This is controlled by two parts:• Sympathetic and parasympathic nervous system.

SYMPATHETIC

• Responsible for the ‘fight or flight’ response. • It give the energy needed to confront or run away. • In order to do this the body reduces the following

physiological responses: • (have a look for them) – (Phone, iPod, iPad)

• Blood diverted to working muscles. • Increased heart rate. • Increased heat production • Increased adrenaline production. • Increased muscle tension• A dry month.

PARASYMPATHETIC

• Once the stress has passed, this system begins to work.• This system helps the body relax. • What responses do you think the body will produce.

• Makes the muscles relax,• Slows metabolism,• Increases digestion rate,• Decreases body temperature,• Decreases heart rate,• Constricts the pupils,• Decreases the breathing rate.

ANXIETY

• This is a negative emotional. • This occurs if the performer views a stressor as a

negative and starts to worry. • For example;• A fear of not playing well and letting the team down. • A fear of injury • A fear of running out of time.

• There are two types of anxiety – trait and state anxiety.

ANXIETY

Trait anxiety

• This is shown by performers that tend to worry a lot of the time. • Such people are born

worriers.

• An example:• A player who always worries

about forthcoming game.

• Consistent in their behaviour• Will find something to worry

about even if things are going well.

State anxiety

• This is more temporary and will only be experienced in a particular situation. • Taking a penalty in a

game of football.

• The levels of anxiety experienced in any particular situation can vary depending on the athlete and situation.

KEY TERMS

Trait anxiety

• A behavioural tendency of feel threatened even in situations that are not really threatening, and then to respond to this with high levels of state anxiety.

State anxiety

• A temporary, ever-changing mood state that is an emotional response to any situation considered to be threatening.

SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY

• There are two types of state anxiety.• Cognitive state anxiety• Is the amount you worry.

• Somatic state anxiety• Relates to your perception of the physiological changes

that happen in particular situations.

ANXIETY

• Cognitive state anxiety• Negative thoughts.• Nervousness and

worry experienced in certain situations.

• Symptoms;• Concentration

problems, • Fear and bad decision

making.

• When concentration levels drop, performance level drop. • Once performance

drops, levels of anxiety start to increase. Thus more mistakes in performance.• The athlete is then in a

negative cycle which harms performance.

ANXIETY

• Somatic state anxiety• Refers to the changes

in physiological activation.

• Such as:• Increases in heart rate,• Sweating,• Increased body heat,• Complete muscle

tension.

• If the athlete see these as a negative then their performance will start to drop.• However, we know

that these can also be a positive to performance. • The athlete that ‘froze’

on the starting block.

EFFECTS OF ANXIETY

• Anxiety is seen as a negative mental state that is a negative aspect of stress. • When concentration is needed such as golf putting, darts or

snooker. • Anxiety can lead to lower performance levels.

(Concentration, attention levels &Co-ordination faults.)

• However;• Some symptoms of anxiety can also be beneficial for sports

performance. • Increased blood flow,• Increased breathing rate and respiratory rate.

• It is the perception of the athlete that will make these symptoms negative.

NEGATIVE MENTAL STATE

• Constantly worrying about winning, may lead to the athlete putting to much pressure on their own performance. • This can result in an increased nervousness,

apprehension or worry. • Therefore resulting in thinking about failing.

• Once the athlete starts to think about this, you will become focused on it. • Thus, increasing the likelihood of it happening.