US Army Corps of Engineers BUILDING STRONG ® Understanding Sedimentation and Land Use Cover Relationships in the Lake Sidney Lanier Watershed Russell A. Lundstrum Natural Resources Specialist, Park Ranger Lake Sidney Lanier, Buford Dam MGIS Program, Pennsylvania State University Capstone Project July 2009 - February 2010 Rev. 7
Understanding Sedimentation and Land Use Cover Relationships in the Lake Sidney Lanier Watershed
Mar 15, 2016
Understanding Sedimentation and Land Use Cover Relationships in the Lake Sidney Lanier Watershed. Russell A. Lundstrum Natural Resources Specialist, Park Ranger Lake Sidney Lanier, Buford Dam MGIS Program, Pennsylvania State University Capstone Project July 2009 - February 2010 Rev. 7. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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US Army Corps of EngineersBUILDING STRONG®
Understanding Sedimentation and Land Use Cover Relationships in the Lake Sidney Lanier Watershed
Russell A. LundstrumNatural Resources Specialist, Park Ranger
Lake Sidney Lanier, Buford Dam
MGIS Program, Pennsylvania State University
Capstone Project
July 2009 - February 2010
Rev. 7
BUILDING STRONG®
Lake Sidney Lanier Located 60 miles north of
Atlanta, GA Buford Dam built in 1952
► Filled to full pool in 1957 Over 15,000 adjacent land
owners► 10,000 private docks
Source of drinking water for 3.5 million people
Over 7.5 million visitors to the lake annually
BUILDING STRONG®
Lake Level Action Zones
Above 1071’: Flood Water StorageZone 1: Normal OperationZone 2: Reduced Hydropower, Limited NavigationZone 3: Reduced Hydropower, Severely Limited NavigationZone 4: Hydropower at Minimum, Little/No NavigationBelow 1035’: Unable to Generate Power, “dead storage”
http://water.sam.usace.army.mil
BUILDING STRONG®
Vital Statistics 692 miles of shoreline 39,038 acres of water 17,726 acres of land 41 USACE parks 10 Marinas
► 10,000+ Boats 13 County and City Parks 6 State Parks
BUILDING STRONG®
Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin (ACF)
BUILDING STRONG®
Upper Chattahoochee Watershed
9 counties
1,034 square miles
60 square miles of that is the lake itself
2,240 miles of streams*
3,909 miles of roads**
*USGS NHD dataset**TeleAtlas 2009
BUILDING STRONG®
Research Questions How has land use changed in the
watershed? How much sediment has accumulated in
Lake Sidney Lanier? Is there a correlation between sediment
accumulation and land-cover change in the Lake Sidney Lanier watershed?
BUILDING STRONG®
Study Area Selection 44 Sub-watersheds Drain
to Lake Sidney Lanier 4 Selected, Based On:
► Sufficient Sedimentation Range data
• Max. Accumulation• Max. Erosion• No Change
► Visual Analysis of Land Cover Change
• New Neighborhoods• More Roads• Forested Areas
Longwood Cove, Lake Sidney Lanier130,000 cubic yards of silt removed
BUILDING STRONG®
Sediment Affects… Recreation Wildlife Water Supply Water Quality
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Sub-watershed Study AreasSub-watershed Study Areas404
801
804
808
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Study Area SummaryUSGS HUC ID: 404 801 808 804
Size (acres) 14,795 15,806 13,356 16,642
Location North end-Gainesville
North end-Gainesville
Southwest-Cumming
Southeast-Flowery Branch
Sedimentation Ranges 5 4 3 4
Docks 856 1,199 850 707
Limited Development* (acres) 517 (4.6%) 600 (3.8%) 535 (4.0%) 373 (2.2%)
Protected* (acres) 506 (3.4%) 668 (4.2%) 266 (2.0%) 507 (3.1%)
Recreation* (acres) 125 (0.8%) 849 (5.4%) 476 (3.6%) 516 (3.1%)
*USACE Allocation Zones
BUILDING STRONG®
Data Discussion Land cover
► Georgia Land Use Trends (GLUT, University of Georgia, Athens, GA)
► Collected 1974, 1991, 2005 Sedimentation Range
► Cross section bathymetric surveys► Located in various creeks impounded by the reservoir► Three data sets: 1956, 1983, 1990
BUILDING STRONG®
Land CoverBeaches, Dunes, Mud
Open Water
Low Intensity Urban
High Intensity Urban
Clear cut, Sparse
Quarries, Strip Mines
Deciduous Forest
Evergreen Forest
Mixed Forest
Row Crops and Pasture
Forested Wetland
Non-forested Wetland-Fresh Sub-watershed HUC 808Cumming, GA, 1991
BUILDING STRONG®
Data Discussion Land cover
► Georgia Land Use Trends (GLUT, University of Georgia
► Collected 1974, 1991, 2005 Sedimentation Range
► Cross section bathymetric surveys across lake► Located in various creeks impounded by the lake► Three data sets: 1956, 1983, 1990
BUILDING STRONG®
SR#33A Survey, 1990
SedimentationRanges
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BUFORD POOL SEDIMENTATIONRANGE 33A
960
980
1000
1020
1040
1060
1080
1100
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000STATION, FEET
May-56 Dec-83 J un-89LEFT BANK RIGHT BANK
BUILDING STRONG®
Significant Dates for Project Data
1956 Sedimentation Range Survey, Baseline 1957 Lake Lanier filled to full pool
1974 Georgia Land Use Trends Cover 1983 Sedimentation Range Survey
1990 Sedimentation Range Survey 1991 Georgia Land Use Trends Cover
2005 Georgia Land Use Trends Cover
BUILDING STRONG®
Methods
Land cover change► Visual analysis► Raster analysis
• Impervious surfaces• Forested areas• Urban/suburban
areas
Sediment Range► Drastic increases or
decreases in sediment► Identify areas that have
certain characteristics• Strong increase• Strong decrease• No change
How do the land cover and sediment range data correlate?
BUFORD POOL SEDIMENTATIONRANGE 33A
960
980
1000
1020
1040
1060
1080
1100
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000STATION, FEET
May-56 Dec-83 J un-89LEFT BANK RIGHT BANK
BUILDING STRONG®
Research Relevance Effect of silt on lake operations
► Reduces hydropower capacity• Minimal impact
► Effects recreation, wildlife• Shallow water in marinas• Turbid water in creeks and coves
► Can impact flood storage• Estimated $2 billion in real estate
between Buford Dam and Peachtree Creek
Effects municipal water supply► Reduces water storage capacity► Diffuser pipes become clogged► Additional water treatment for turbid water
(minimal on this lake)
BUILDING STRONG®
Research Relevance Effect of silt on lake operations
► Reduces hydropower capacity• Minimal impact
► Effects recreation, wildlife• Shallow water in marinas• Turbid water in creeks and
coves► Can impact flood storage
• Estimated $2 billion in real estate between Buford Dam and Peachtree Creek
Effects municipal water supply► Reduces water storage capacity► Diffuser pipes become clogged► Additional water treatment for turbid water
(minimal on this lake)
BUILDING STRONG®
Research Relevance Effect of silt on lake operations
► Reduces hydropower capacity• Minimal impact
► Effects recreation, wildlife• Shallow water in marinas• Turbid water in creeks and coves
► Can impact flood storage• Estimated $2 billion in real
estate between Buford Dam and Peachtree Creek
Effects municipal water supply► Reduces water storage capacity► Diffuser pipes become clogged► Additional water treatment for turbid
water (minimal on this lake)
Flooding in Mableton, GA, September 2009Map of home value below Buford Dam
BUILDING STRONG®
Research Relevance Effect of silt on lake operations
► Reduces hydropower capacity• Minimal impact
► Effects recreation, wildlife• Shallow water in marinas• Turbid water in creeks and coves
► Can impact flood storage• Estimated $2 billion in real estate
between Buford Dam and Peachtree Creek
Effects municipal water supply► Reduces water storage capacity► Diffuser pipes become clogged► Additional water treatment for turbid water
(minimal on this lake)
BUILDING STRONG®
Timeline2009
► July: Research Started► August: Proposal Rough Drafts► September: Online Proposal Presentation► October: Start Research Analysis► November: GIS Day Presentation► December: Continue Research Analysis
2010► January: Draft Analysis Findings► February 9-11: Final Presentation, USACE South Atlantic Division
Ranger Conference in Savannah, GA► March: Project Revisions► April: Final MGIS Wrap-up► May 15: Graduate► June: Present Documents and Research Findings to USACE
BUILDING STRONG®
Thank you for your time!Questions?
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