UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 20091 T6 Ad Hoc Team Proposal 9 November, 2009 Marcus Boolish.

UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009 1

T6 Ad Hoc Team Proposal

9 November, 2009Marcus Boolish

UN Lithium Battery Informal Working Group – Kyoto, Japan 9 – 11 November 2009 2

Outcome of Paris Meeting

Agreement to:

–Add Crush test option for smaller cells and batteries

– Further review Impact test

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T6 Ad Hoc Team

Improving the language for the Impact test proved extremely difficult

Recommendation– Delete Impact test– Replace with Crush test

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Reasons to Delete Impact Test

More severe for small cells May be completely ineffective for larger cellsNot the same for the various typesNot truly repeatable Numerous variables (some difficult to control)

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Impact TestToo Severe / Ineffective

Note: Not all the cells shown are lithium types. But, there are lithium types in these (and other) diameter categories.

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Impact TestNot the Same Test

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Impact TestNot the Same Test

The bar can (and some do) attach

to the 9.1 kg mass

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Impact TestRepeatability / Variables (Some Difficult to Control)

Angle of the bar (if any angle)Length of the barThe location of the impactThe transfer of the impact weight to exactly the same position each timeWhether the bar can be supported or notThe bar material

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Proposal38.3.4.6 Test 6: Crush38.3.4.6.1 Purpose

This test simulates a mechanical crush.

38.3.4.6.2 Test procedure – CrushA cell or component cell shall be crushed between two flat surfaces. The force shall be applied by a vice or by a hydraulic ram with a round piston. The crushing is to be gradual with a speed of approximately 1.5 cm/s at the first point of contact. The crushing is to be continued until the applied force reaches 13 kN.

Example: The force shall be applied by a hydraulic ram with a 32 mm diameter piston until a pressure of 17 MPa is reached on the hydraulic ram.

Once the maximum pressure has been obtained, the pressure shall be released.

A cylindrical cell shall be crushed with its longitudinal axis parallel to the flat surfaces on the crushing apparatus. A prismatic or pouch cell shall be crushed by applying the force in the direction of one of the two axes perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, and, separately, by applying the force in the direction of the other one of these two axes. Prismatic or pouch cells with non-flat sides may be supported during the test provided the support does not materially affect the results. A button/coin cell shall be crushed by applying the force on its flat surfaces.

Each test cell or component cell is to be subjected to one crush only. The test sample shall be observed for a further 6 h. The test shall be conducted using test cells or component cells that have not previously been subjected to other tests.

Requirements

There shall be no excessive temperature rise (temperature exceeds 170 ºC), no explosion and no fire during this test and within the 6 h of observation.

Modified language from IEC 60086-4

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Internal Short Circuit Test DevelopmentIEC SC21A – Blunt Nail Penetration

Neither Impact or Crush are truly short circuit tests

Work with IEC SC21A on such a test (not yet ready)

Could be the inclusion of a true, repeatable internal short circuit test within IEC 62133* in the next few years.

*IEC 62133 - Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells and for batteries made from them, for use in portable applications.

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Internal Short Circuit Test DevelopmentIEC SC21A – Blunt Nail Penetration

Images courtesy of Underwriters Laboratories

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Additional Proposal

Adopt IEC 62281 as the UN Model Regulations for

Lithium Batteries

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IEC 62281: Safety of primary and secondar lithium cells and batteries during transport

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IEC 62281

Joint effort– Global battery and regulatory experts– Rechargeable and primary industries– IEC SC21A / IEC TC35

Revised every 3-5 yearsAllows for faster transition to best thinking in testsGlobally recognized

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Thank You

ありがとうございます。