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TRAINING IN DEMOCRACY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES June 2014 By Yousser Gherissi Hegazi Leadership development & Management
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Training in democracy and social structures

Aug 23, 2014

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Yousser Hegazi

It's necessary to understand how educational systems contribute to make students aware about humanistic values and philanthropic matters.Our feelings need to be involved as well as our hearts need to battle for other people around as. However education and social policy must be integrated in the educational systems in order to inculcate high morals to our children and to spread later a culture of solidarity and tolerance
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Page 1: Training in democracy and social structures

TRAINING IN DEMOCRACY AND SOCIAL STRUCTURES

June 2014 By Yousser Gherissi Hegazi

Leadership development & Management

Page 2: Training in democracy and social structures

“To serve is beautiful, but only if it is done with joy and a whole heart and

a free mind ”. Pearl S. Buck

Page 3: Training in democracy and social structures

Democracy represents the democratic peace, respect for human rights, empowerment and the rule of law, political equality, multiculturalism, consensual democracy, social harmony, human values , the ideal structures, and a culture of tolerance

Page 4: Training in democracy and social structures

IndexIntroduction Training objectives :The concept of democracy The principles of democracy Today issues Government censorship Social structures Social Policy Education Policy Social Psychology Social structure implications Social regime Ideal structures Recommendations References

Page 5: Training in democracy and social structures

Introduction

Basic principles and conciliatory values for democracy and social constructivism lies in the society control and political equality. These principles determine the struggle of Democrats of the world to enable society to control politics in effective ways and to eliminate the monopoly of the elite on the decision-making process and its benefits; Democracy serves to overcome the obstacles, such as those of gender, race, religion, language, class and wealth. But democracy allows people to exercise the rights of citizenship on an equal footing.

Page 6: Training in democracy and social structures

Training objectivesEmpower active citizens in establishing democracy and social justice Building values and academic knowledge Producing democratic equality

Page 7: Training in democracy and social structures

The concept of democracyDemocracy is a system that allows all qualified citizens to participate equally to elected representatives and in the formulation and development of laws. It does link to social equality, religious, cultural, ethnic, justice, and liberty. And And the term democracy is originated from the ancient Greek (dēmokratía) "rule of the people", which was found from (Demos) "people" and (Kratos) "power" in the fifth century BC, which promoted the political systems in ancient Greece, predominantly Athens who approved the contradictory term (aristokratia) “ of ruling elite

Page 8: Training in democracy and social structures

For example, the political system in Athens established a classic democratic citizenship to the elite class of free men, slaves and women's political participation. Also, all democratic governments in ancient and modern history involved the elite class and the full empowerment of all citizens of adults in most modern democracies through the ballot movements in 19th and 20th centuries

Page 9: Training in democracy and social structures

The Principles of DemocracyThe rule of lawLaws represent the will of the peoplePresidents and legislature are limited by lawFreedom of the pressPeople need information in order to vote prudently which requires a free press and freedom of political speechRespect of human rightsThe purpose of government is to serve the needs of the people

Page 10: Training in democracy and social structures

Active political rightsDemocracy is a participation sport and it won't work if most people don't take partEnlightened citizensCitizens must be educated and must understand the purpose of democracy, how and why we have it. This earn a high literacy rate

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Today issuesDemocratizationCivil societyGroup rightsMulticulturalism Discrepancies Consensual democracy

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Government surveillanceFrequent electionsCivil disobedience Protest Revolution

Page 13: Training in democracy and social structures

Social structures Stratification, society, concurrency & social-relationshipSocial policyConcurrency & social-relationship

Education policy Value, interactive respect, integration of human values with education, moral education

Social psychologyHuman behavior, social cognition, social influence, attitudes, persuasion & ethics

Page 14: Training in democracy and social structures

The social structures are designed through social arrangements within the community and grow on the basis of individuals actions, depending on the judgment and function of social structure (social and economic classes) like for example, the class structure, social institutions, and other modeled social groups. It is in fact the structure of the social network, which is equal between individuals & organizations. Accordingly it can be a way of creating principles that shape the individual behavior of decision-makers in the social system

Page 15: Training in democracy and social structures

Additionally family, religion, law, economy and class are social structures .

In 1905 the German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies stated in his study "the present problems of social structures in the USA" that only the constitution of a multitude in to a unity creates a

"social structure."

Page 16: Training in democracy and social structures

Social policy Social policy embodies guidelines, legislation & activities that affect the living conditions necessary for human happiness. Consequently the department of social policy at the London School considered that social & political economy stands a "subject of a multi-disciplinary applied and specialized to analyze social community needs. However the London School seeks to enhance the ability of students to understand the theory and evidence from a range disciplines in the social sciences, including economics, sociology, psychology, geography, history, law, philosophy and political science.

Page 17: Training in democracy and social structures

The Malcolm Wiener Center for Social policy at Harvard

University stated: "These basic human needs include: water, food, and shelter, a sustainable and safe environment, the promotion of health and treatment of the sick, the care and support of those unable to live a fully independent life; and the education and training of individuals to a level that enables them fully to participate in their society".[1] The center describes social policy as "public policy and practice in the areas of health care, human services, criminal justice, inequality, education, and labor."[2] Social policy might also be described as actions that affect the well-being of members of a society through shaping the distribution of and access to goods and resources in that society. [3] Social policy often deals with terrific problems.

Page 18: Training in democracy and social structures

Education policyEducation policy retains many interpretations of education in early childhood, kindergartens, universities, and vocational education, adult education and job training. However, it could affect education policy for people of all ages. The policy here lies in teaching methods and facilitation in the fees access , and investment in school infrastructure & freedom of choice. And the content of the curriculum and its values required educational frames . But the discussion in education policy includes the size of the school , school choice , privatization of the school , the efficiency of teachers , school accreditation, teacher reward , teaching methods , the content of the curriculum , graduation requirements , & investment in school infrastructure. However schools should apply distinctive standards that link to essential studies in psychology , economics , sociology , and human development , in addition to schools and methods of management education or public policy as examples of the analysis of education policy.

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Social psychologySocial psychology is known as scientific study of people's ideas, feelings, and attitudes which can be affected by the logic and the indirect imagination. Consequently scientific research refers to experimental process and analyzes that link to the ideas of rights, feelings, and behaviors. It does include all psychological variables measurable in a human being

Page 20: Training in democracy and social structures

It does suggest that humans are predisposed to social influence. For example when people watch television and follow adopted cultural norms, social psychologists analyze human behavior through mental states and social situations based upon empirical findings. Social psychology is interested by exploring human feelings, thoughts, beliefs, intentions and goals are built upon mental factors that

influence on relations with others .

Page 21: Training in democracy and social structures

Social structures implicationsThe concept of social structure involves the critical effects of random and motivations that determine for example, the problem of gender equality and the non-equal qualifications .

Lopez and Scott,(2000) differentiate between institutional structure and relational structure:

"Social structure is seen as comprising those cultural or normative patterns that define the expectation of agents hold about each other's behavior and that organize their enduring relations with each other's (p3).

Page 22: Training in democracy and social structures

Social rule systemNormative structureThe normative structure defines the fashioned organization structure, between norms and styles in the procedures of person's position.Interest structuresThe interest structures are based upon goals and desires of people of varying social positions.

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Ideal structuresThe ideal structures are based upon cultural beliefs and attitudes of people of varying social positions

Interaction structureStructure is based on the interaction and communication facilities of the various social sites. We have the right to believe that the social structure includes all system needs of work, management, and professional or by conflicts between groups, political parties and elites. This structure is a natural process that develops the power of elites who exploit their power to control the system and authority

Page 24: Training in democracy and social structures

RecommendationsThe mechanisms responsible for the social structure derive directly from the fact. There are a set of indicators that display the observed social capital structure with the necessary functions. Nevertheless, it can be driven by successful democratic systems that build social capital on the loyalty and social justice for all. However the structural obstacles evolve from social inequality and the lack of human values.

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BibliographyAbout the Walcom Wiener Center,(2006). Presidents and Fellows Harvard University

:// . . / /20081225021708/http web archive org web

(3 )Cheyne, C., O'Brien, M., & Belgrave, M.,(2005) .Social Policy in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Critical Introduction - Page 3. College of humanities and social sciences

:// . . . . /http www research massey ac nz massey

( 1 )Greener, I.,(2014). Social policy and administration; Volume 40, Issue2 Modes of power and the re‐conceptualization of elitesScott , J.,(2008)- The Sociological Review, - Wiley Online Library

:// . . /http onlinelibrary wiley com journal