Tourism in latin_america_and_caribbean

Building Solutions for Peace and Sustainable Development,

with Tourism Development

DATABASE OF INITIATIVES

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Initiative # 257 Presentation Year: 2006 Presented: 30/11/06-Exposition Area Presentation form: Poster This Version: Current

Initiative/Case Title

Tourism in Latin America and the Caribbean - policies of economic development, territorial occupation and sustainability

Country(ies) where the Initiative/Case takes place

Everry Latin America and Caribbean Countries and Dependent Territories (46 unities); Geo Touristic and Potential Areas

Institution responsible for the Initiative/Case

Green Wave Movement

Website(s)

http://www.greenwave.org.br - changing of provider internet

Institution Address

Rua Prof. Clemente Pinto, 82 90870-220 Porto Alegre/RS – Brazil

Focus:

Region(s) in which the Initiative/ Case takes place:

Scope:

Ex Executive coordination by:

Participating partners:

Conditions for Peace No

Social Development Yes

Appreciation of Cultural Diversity Yes

Biodiversity Preservation Yes

Economic Development Yes

Youth Yes

Media Yes

Africa No

North and Central America & Caribbean Yes

South America Yes

Asia and the Pacific No

Europe No

Middle East No

Organization Yes

Tourism Destination Yes

Specific Initiative No

Research/Study Yes

Government Organization Yes

Business Organization No

Social Organization Yes

Government Organization Yes

Business Organization Yes

Social Organization Yes



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PRESENTER

Name

José Fernando Zornitta / Paulo Zornitta

Institution

Green Wave Movement

Country

Brazil

E-mail address

[email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected]

Telephone number

55 85 99480120 / 55 51 93250793 / 55 51 91568810

Address

For Letters: Rua Prof. Clemente Pinto, 82 90870-220 Porto Alegre/RS - Brazil

Presenter’s Professional Bio

José Fernando Zornitta, Environmentalist, Architect and Town planner, Specialist in Leisure and Recreation (UFRGS - Porto Alegre/BR) and in Tourism (WTO-UN/Italian Government/SIST - Rome/IT), it began Course of Doctorate in Planning and Regional Development, University of Barcelona in 2002) and, also, it also participated in improvement apprenticeship in tourist planning in the University of Messina - Laboratory of Economical Geography - Italy. He has Course of Technician of Audiovisual Accomplishment (IDM/State of Ceará - Fortaleza/BR) and develops activities as plastic artist and designer. He has literary production - Book and published technical articles. It is co-idealizador and partner founder of 3 NGOs - one of environment and maintainable development, another of sports for children and young and the third of audiovisual - movies, video and new digital technologies.

AUTHORIZATION

I hereby authorize the Tourism for Peace and Sustainable Development Foundation (FTPDS) and/or other parties authorized by the FTPDS to publish my name as the presenter of this information in all publications of any form.

I have reviewed the information contained herein, which adequately reflects the presentation I gave within the scope of the World Tourism Forum for Peace and Sustainable Development (World Forum).



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Given that the FTPDS is a non-profit institution with a focus on education, culture, and social assistance, whose mission translates as the promotion of peace and integrated, sustainable development through programs carried out within the sphere of the tourism industry – the World Forum’s cause – I hereby confirm my authorization for the FTPDS and/or other parties authorized by the FTPDS to use the contents of this presentation free of charge, without any limitation on the length of time or number of times it is used, including any and all writings, graphs, charts, PowerPoint illustrations, pictures, and photographs included in the presentation, as well as any updated versions. This authorization includes public presentations given in any country, in any language, in any form – print, verbal, and/or electronic – as well as the use of my voice and image in the presentation for broadcast media and the promotion of the World Forum and its cause.

CONTACTS REGARDING THE INITIATIVE/CASE

I hereby authorize the FTPDS to publish my details as found in the “Presenter” section to facilitate contacts with other parties interested in obtaining further information and/or answers to questions about the Initiative/Case covered in the presentation I gave at the World Forum. If the above authorization is not provided, please give another contact by filling out the following fields in this section:

Name

José Fernando Zornitta

Institution

Green Wave Movement

Country

Brazil

E-mail address

[email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected]

Telephone number

55 51 99480120 /55 51 93250793 /55 51 91568810

Address

For Letters: Rua Prof. Clemente Pinto, 82 - 90870-220 Porto Alegre-RS – Brazil

INITIATIVE/CASE DESCRIPTION

Keywords

Tourism, Sustainable, Politicies, Latin America, Caribbean, Development

Abstract



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IDEOGRAM OF THE PROPOSAL OF THE STUDY TOURISM IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN - POLITICIES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, TERRITORIAL OCCUPATION AND SUSTAINABILITY, it proposes the structuring and the development of a study interdisciplinary of the tourism, in context economical, socio-cultural and ecological-environmental, with specific observations in function of the approaches of its main theme, tends as observation all areas of the Latin-American countries (South America, Central) and Caribbean, proceeding a "inventory" - country to country, for the knowledge of the context of the respective processes of evolution, "development" prognostics; of the philosophies and politics action adopted by the different public administrations and for the different sections and organisms involved in the process; including the evolutionary analysis and of market; the flows and their interrelations in the time and in the tourist space (physical-space occupation); as well as the study of the potential (country to country) for the local and regional tourist development - of the natural and socio-cultural attractions (physical and humans); of the infra and of the superstructure already installed; of the support equipments and of tourist animation; of the structures and educational systems - for formation and professional qualification for the section and for the parallel competences; with the objective of finding the correlations among the observed variables.

The systemic analysis of the politics, confronted with the inventory of the found problems, will allow to delineate hypotheses for the due corrections, with views to the development of an "integrated and maintainable tourism " and will worry in finding the relationships and the deviations among the several factors, giving the indicative of ways to proceed in the actions of macro-economical planning, offering the bases for the tourist industry to develop satisfactorily and, for the public power local, regional and national to act and to contribute for the satisfactory operation of the internal tourism and in the relationships with the other countries in the international tourism. The study will worry in to inventory and to indicate the preventive measures to stop and to revert the causes and the pernicious effects of the eventual politics and erroneous actions, in the intention of indicating the correct direction for the activity to have a promising future, starting from the reorientation of these same action politics in these countries (what will be proceeded country to country), offering the conditions and the opportunity of the manifestation of the promised economical and social benefits, that together with the environmental protection, they can do possible the "maintainable tourism."

The proposal of this study has as also the objective of formation of an on-line international database, a series of audiovisual documentaries and a publication for orientation of of all involved in the system tourism - direct and indirectly involved with the tourist activity (publics and private, class entities, civil society, universities - among other), which will be composed by the group of the observations that will offer the data and the necessary information for the correct politics of administration action of the tourism. All of the actions, that will involve those universities of the interested countries in supporting the study (besides the government, business and social organization of the 46 geo-politics units) and that they will participate in the process of collection of data and interaction with the communities and inventoried places, they will be made available immediately for on-line



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research by the Internet (from a simple click of a camera, to the videos and documents that go being generated).

Contrarily to the conventional process of research, the inventoried communities will receive in change courses, lectures, workshops, round tables (the researchers' educational "interaction, that they will offer the knowledge on the correct forms treating the ambient where the tourism grows and to benefit of the process economically and culturally; on the prevention measures - among other approaches exemplified graphically").

TOURISM IN LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN - POLITICS OF ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT, TERRITORIAL OCCUPATION AND SUSTAINABILITY, it proposes a wide and necessary study - that still doesn't exist for the area in subject - which can count with the direct participation of national and international organisms (publics, private, representative of the class entities, NGOs, of the universities of the several Latin-American and Caribbean countries - among other institutions) and of professionals that act in the several specific areas, for the development of the project.

Situation of the local community and destination, and motivation

Latin America and Caribbean and Spontaneous Tourist Development

In Europe proliferate the studies with similar mark to the proposed in this project, promoted by the centers of tourism planning, with its releases history, has in itself the "great laboratory of experiences" - for instance the Mediterranean, for the tourism and a multi-disciplinary system for which the tourism is accompanied (with necessary protection measures) and, paradoxically, we saw receiving in the Latin America and Caribbean investments more and more significant and actions returned to the economical growth of this activity, without the ideal support is offered and with bases in scientific parameters to accompany, to protect the tourist and environmental patrimony and to guide the public and private actions.

Traditionally in the developing countries, this activity has been guided by the business sphere and not for the logic of the planning for the sustained development and in function of a politics of social inclusion.

Analyzed through the socio-cultural and ecological-environmental contexts, the effects and reflexes of the actions of the "spontaneous" evolution of the tourism have been more incisive and much more pernicious - away per times the causes have not been objectively identified as inherent of the tourist activity.

The accelerated growth of the number of Habitational Units in more than 1000% in 10 years in the capitals of the Brazilian northeast, for instance, it was motivated without any restriction and other parameters - to not to be the economical. The occupation chooses - as always it is choosing - the notable landscapes and it privileges - as always it is privileging - the noblest lots and landscapes, in an architectural and town planning pattern insane that it forms an insurmountable face to the eyes and the wind and arising - as it is arising - to the skies, without logical limits and nor ecological, repeating the same model already outdated and proven solemnity-degenerative medium term, rejected by wide segments of the demand, that it looks for the originality and complete places.



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Miossec, in his theory of the evolution of the tourist space, already proved the directions of a tourism that it develops without planning, "spontaneously" and the 3 main agents' attitudes (tourist, inhabitant and public power) during the 5 phases that it established in his study.

Specifically, the reflexes and the effects of these actions appear in the physical manifestations - in the territory, in the natural atmosphere, in the constructions, in the social and cultural relationships - besides in the most pernicious (as the inappropriate occupation of the landscape - of dunes, of the coast or in the sexual tourism - among so much other). One of these effects is the dissociation of a real community's cultural values that ythey are usually smuggled, when no enslaved by the process.

The disordered physical-space occupation, that it contrasts and its doesn't become complete with the natural landscape; the excessive urbanization or the ecological easiness with the form of the disordered occupation (and not of the evolution) of the areas with tourist potential, they have been driving and it will continue driving it a road of only one hand: of the economical growth with high social and ecological-environmental costs and to a single future: the one of the depreciation promulgated by Miossec in his theory and for Krippendorf in his acquaintance text "The Devouring of Landscapes" (title this making reference to the tourism).

On the other hand, the tourism if well driven, it can be a factor of improvement of the quality of the local communities' life and to be to protect and to conserve the natural and sociocultural atmosphere, besides inducing the creation of a recreational structure, that so much can be to the tourist's service, as of the local community. However, these have not been the practices in the places with tourist potential in the Latin-American and the Caribbean countries, that prioritize the economical inversions to the detriment of the organization and planning - that technically would impose them limitations and they would guide the evolution.

The organization of the tourism - independently of its inclusion in the macro economical system - it is of difficult coordination and it is dependent of several levels of decision - of the public power, of the deprived initiative, of the class entities and of other sections and direct organisms and indirectly involved with the the activity, the ones which, although they try to compose in a satisfactory way the whole that it should satisfy the tourist-consumer's expectation, they are not easily coordinated amongst themselves.

It is an activity that involves several interests, and each one of these slopes and representative entities of these several levels of decision, rule road promotes their specific actions and they interact amongst themselves in function of their objectives - "pulling the ember for its roast" and, per times they depend on the participation some of the other ones, being created an unstable administrative structure of the section, which is dependent of these several levels of decision.

In the macro it structures of the tourism and for him to happen and grow technically, the attributions of each section are awake among the several agents, but no necessarily accomplished. In this context, the only rules and actions that should not be variables they would be the one of the public power.



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The orientation for the system to work and the brake of any action badly guided should be being promulgated by the public organs, but certainly it is not what happens.

At level of the public administration of the tourism and inside of the structure of macro marketing (proposed technically and to last long - in the time and in the space), according to Peroni, it should be affects the task of the administration about the environmental factors and about the conditions in which the tourist companies render their services, including the initiatives of incentives, coordination, control, concession of licenses and authorizations, facilitations for associations and for the general improvement of the conditions.

The task of to offer the means and to establish norms for the local organization of the tourism is also to owe of the public power. The plan economical macro, the Sectorial Plan of Tourism (Master plan of Tourist Development), the pertinent physical-space organization (town plannings plans), the establishment and the implantation of the tourist infrastructure and of the support for the tourist superstructure, besides the initiatives of animation of the context where the tourism grows (and of the specific attributions of the public administration of the tourism appeared by Peroni), it is "a subject of public usefulness" - of organization and of maintenance of the "system tourism" working, which can only be organized starting from the public power legally instituted nationally, regionally and locally. Contrarily to these beginnings, the partnerships, at level of deprived initiative - for the investments and the establishment of the necessary tourist superstructure - they are formed more by business interests than for the logic and for the qualification of the tourist section, in initiatives that try to do with that the business interests and sectorial matters have the contribution of the public power - that under pressure, it is more in function of the popularization "campaigns and promotion interns and it expresses" and to the establishment of the necessary infrastructure for the local operation and business viability - that rule road stops worrying of the natural and sociocultural atmosphere where its interferes.

In the emerging countries, where the tourism is not a priority of the public actions, the pressure that is exercised by the deprived initiative - that after receiving the public incentives for implantation of their enterprises, wants to see the taxes that they were generated, reapplied in their benefit and it "conditions the public actions in function of their expectations", that not always they are driven in an ideal way, but always and certainly in an onerous way.

In the physical space, the tourism silts up a structure of all private. Occupying the noblest landscapes (extensive strips of the coast, landscapes of notables, best terrestrial, attractive - dunes, cliffs, mountains, etc...) - that are rendered to compose the differential of the choice option for the customer, but paradoxically, it contributes in a decisive way to the space segregation and not for the integration inside of the context in that interferes; form tourist "isles - where alien spaceships that land at the landscape" without respecting the spacial and sociocultural context of the place.

As the theoretical and economist Jost Krippendorf, the emancipated tourist tomorrow, it will seek the true relax again, the authenticity, the complete places and it will avoid the camouflaged places and masked with the end of they adapt her to the customers' assumed desires. And, we are already in the tomorrow, That was said there is more than 20 years. If



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the orientation in the planning went the one of the environmental sustainability, these notable landscapes, the compatibility of uses, the occupation standards and the valorization of the sociocultural patrimony, they would be positive factors for the insert of the tourist activity but, in the traditional way with that it is happening, it contributes to the irreversible environmental depreciation.

In the whole Latin America, a territorial programming and tipologic, whose a preliminary action assists to the several interests is urgent, but that the environmental subject is conditioned. For the market interests - a technical action of marketing can bring the relative indications to the orientations of the offer and of the demand on several markets - assisting the business and productive interests, besides another measured that are put in action (for instance, of a strategic planning open to the participation of all agents and based in sustainability beginnings - calendar 21), to determine the consistence and the configuration of the several equipments, of the infrastructure net, but above all, of the correct measures for the valorization and of perpetuation of the tourist resources, which should be in harmony with the local community's first interests and of These nations, of later evolution, although its tourist potential, also have great, serious and serious social problems to solve and more and more go back to the urban atmospheres, unpreparedness to offer the access to the urban services and the citizenship.

The tourism as activity of local level (consumed in the own ambient in that it is produced), needs a series of physical interventions through the infrastructure, in the which this implants the tourist superstructure (mainly the lodging means) - with their standardized constructions, that most of the time contrasts with the found reality and with the landscape, bringing conflict and depreciation, but they were able to, if properly established, they be helping to value and to qualify the ambient.

Whole cities and, mainly the great metropolises, accumulated human contingents more and more, that they come her unable of they live together in harmony in the structures urban unpreparedness and already "silted up", which become ineffective and they don't accompany the demand of the services (difficultly you modified in sincronism with the needs and for the several levels of decision that settle down; be for the absence of financings, for the necessary time for the execution of the works and in the implantation of programs and other factors - among these the bureaucracy); turning extremely slow the processes for its modification and adaptation to the new requests of basic services of sanitation, it collects of garbage, electrification, communications; of service to the health, of education, of transports; of an appropriate road system; of the house readiness; of spaces and of animation for the leisure; among others.

Usually the human contingents that look for the urban centers don't find a favorable atmosphere and appropriate answers to their expectations, starting to live together in sub-houses, without the basic services and with the high socioeconomic and cultural contrasts, when not in the absolute poverty.

The "without earth" of the field, change us "without roof and without hope" in the urban ambient.

The cities swell and they are disqualified with the disordered occupation. The public actions go back to trying to overcome the deficiencies in the services", that is, for the effects and not for the causes of the urban problems.



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Among the causes, the main of this process migratory field-city is and it was always the one of the establishment of the relationship of economical order; the search of opportunities for the one of the satisfaction of the basic needs and the search of better life conditions (individual, family and of the groups).

They are also caused by the lack of public capacity for the planning and for the organization of the aspects macroeconomics, which should be inserted in the global planning of national and regional development and in socioeconomic politics that induced that inversion of the flow field-city; in politics and actions technically structured that made possible not only the man's fixation in his origin habitat (besides with access to the earth and the incentives to the production in all the potentials sections) - in the own place where he created roots and that they have sociocultural references, but also and mainly, of his valorization in this context, making possible the improvement of the life quality and the local and regional development harmonic.

The man's relationship with his habitat, happen mainly for his first relationship, that it is of economical order. The great migrations and immigrations always happened for factors of order political and/or economical, which they favor or they impede the improvement of the life conditions - individual, family and social of the people in the own origin habitat.

The tourism, that can be characterized as "anomalous product" (the consumer is that it travels to consume the "tourist product" - what happens at the own place in that it is produced - and no the product) and, differently of the other human activities that happen in the territory, it moves with all of the spheres of the economy - section primary, secondary and industrial, bringing direct reflexes at local level and for the human relationships, besides in the cities, where the tourism is able more easily to help to compensate and to solve the serious urban problems and of income in the respective communities where its grows.

And, for the tourism to happen and be development factor - in a place, in an area, in a country or in a potential area - like Latin America - and it is constituted in an of the springs of propulsion of the development, it depends on the organization of their theoretical components - tourist attractions, infra and tourist superstructures, complemental structure and of animation of the qualification of the involved human resources and, mainly, of a politics of social inclusion, that the tourism very well can help to promote.

2. MOTIVATION AND PERSONAL JUSTIFICATION

Starting from the author's motivation in the search of the theoretical knowledge to address his/her professional exercise and his academic formation in architecture and urbanization to contribute socially through his formation with the human activities of the "time liberates" in Brazil and for the world, already in 1987 it concluded the course of Specialization in Leisure and Recreation Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - Superior School of Physical education - in course coordinated by Lenea Gaelzer, in which presented the monograph CENTER OF TOURISM AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE LENEA GAELZER-UFRGS - title in honor to that odd person, that she had died during the process of his formation and she was considered a genius in this area - in that period the course formatted by Lenea Gaelzer was the only in South America and frequented by students of several countries of the continent, that to Porto Alegre came to participate in the same course.



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Already in that course, the author strangely verified that he was the only student that glimpsed the tourism as theme and focus - among the several slopes in the wide spectrum of the time free human - and in a time in that the tourism in Brazil leisure was considered no productive and nor it was priority of the public politics (and until today it is not), it proposed to Lenea Gaelzer that her was considered and recognized internationally - teacher invited by 7 North American universities to supply lectures on the leisure, former-president of ALATIR (Latin-American Association of Leisure and Recreation), member of the Van Clé Foundation of Belgium, the one that she wrote a book about tourism - she fears that you/he/she had never focused specifically in their previous publications, when came from her the invitation: - Will we write together ???"- what cannot for her death, while it divided her time to supply courses for the interior of State of Rio Grande do Sul.

Later, in 1988, the author looked for in the Center of Training of the World Organization of Tourism to Europe, in Rome (Prof. Alberto Sessa Course - that was the Center of Training of Turismo for World Organization in Europe), with scholarship of own WTO and of the Italian Government, in function of the proposal of future action (in Brazil and Latin America) and, plus, of the specific knowledge in the Course of Specialization in Tourism, when it was invited by Prof. Carmelo Cavallaro, Director of the Laboratory of Economic Geography of the University of Messina - that supplied the chair of Geography of the Tourism in the Course of OMT - to do an apprenticeship close to in Tourist Planning the laboratory that administered.

This institution, in that time where one of the most specialized centers in tourist planning of the planet, which received resources directly of UNESCO in their actions, as for instance the International Conference THE MAN AND THE PARK, whose compilation of the annals was concluded in the period in that the proposer met working as a trainee in this institution - the layer of this publication was elaborated by the same while it participated in this apprenticeship.

This academic lunge in these specialties drove the verification of the delay and of the urgent need of a study in this line to Latin America became an of the main areas for the direcionamento of the private investments of the world tourism, that its were always happening in a spontaneous way and starting from the private initiative - with the absence of politics you publish of planning and of protection. These inversions, that they have been done besides in Brazil until today, have been bringing serious and irreversible environmental problems and, very a little they have been contributing to the effective improvement of the conditions of life of the local communities - basic presupposition promulgated by the organisms of UN and for the centers of studies of tourist planning promoted by the specialized centers.

This investment type, thoroughly experienced in the great laboratory of the tourism at world level, finds in Latin America an ambient without preparation for the inversions, which don't bring the expected return the medium and long period, nor they are shown appropriate to the initial expectations and they contribute to the depreciation of the local tourist patrimony, leaving negative reflexes in the local cultures.

The tourism - in the area in subject - it is still seen as end and I don't eat activity that can be considered of form multidisciplinar, to trans-discipline, systemic and maintainable.



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The base of the problems is in the politics macroeconômicas and in the inexistence of data and information (multidisciplinares, systemic that its indicate the correlation of the several variables), which could be rendered to give the indicative of the best plan hypotheses and on the correct roads to proceed. These, they could also give support to the several initiatives and the inversions and to indicate the prognostics on the serious and irreversible damages that they will be caused, on the problems that will be found at the several countries of the study area starting from the traditional politics of spontaneous development.

In AL & C, more and more the investments arrive and more and more they go being done, without these bases and without the necessary methodological and scientific support.

On the other hand and paradoxically, when a study is thought and developed by the government of a country, it is done in an isolated way or seeking their economic interests. Besides, companies that win the competitions collect values estratosféricos, as one promoted in 2005 on the aerial vector in South America, I pay for the Brazilian government, at the cost of R$ 560.000,oo (more of U$A 280.000,00 and although that, the country lived a chaos in the aerial section in 2006 and 2007).

Strange it seems for the proposer of this study (TOURISM IN LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN - ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, TERRITORIAL OCCUPATION AND SUSTAINABILITY) that proposes 19 sectorial studies with a very larger width - for 46 countries and 13 dependent territories, that it composes AL & C, have not had until the present moment any the same government's initiative in supporting, although the insistent attempts on the part of the author - it was at level federal, state (Ceará and Rio Grande do Sul) and municipal - in the capitals that he offered the project (Fortaleza and Porto Alegre).

Among 1988 - during the Course of Specialization in Tourism (Center of Training of OMT to Europe - Roma/Itália and for motivation of the Course driven by Prof. Alberto Sessa and, also, of the Discipline of Geography of the Tourism, in that he/she was Teacher Carmelo Cavallaro) and 1992 - during the Apprenticeship in the University of Messina - the proposer began to format the before-project GEOGRAPHY OF THE TOURISM IN AMERICA OF THE SOUTH, HEADQUARTERS AND CARIBBEAN, which you/he/she was in 1995 presented in the World Conference of the ONU/UNESCO-INSULA about Maintainable Tourism in Lanzarote in Spain, that gave origin the Letter of the Maintainable Tourism (UNESCO/INSULA - where the presented work is mentioned).

Elapsed 19 years of the initial idea, the forecasts and studies about the acceleration of the financial investments in tourism the “line of Equador"e with one of the epicenters in South America - that was not until then focus of attention and investments, they were confirmed and nothing indicates direction changes. However and although that, few were the studies addressed to give support and to guide the actions.

For the proposer and although his specialization and motivation, all of the previous initiatives to make possible the study in subject, they were frustrated by the inexistence of incentives for beginning of the process and in function of offering a financial contribution to the proposed research project, which interests governments (for us to draw their macro economic policies, for the improvement of the conditions of life of the population and for



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the protection of the environmental and tourist patrimony); it interests the entities of class of the productive sections (to guide their members in their politics and lines of sectorial conduct); it interests to the companies that render the services of the hospitality, of the leisure, recreation and of the culture; to the companies and air transport vectors and terrestrial; to the operators and travel agencies; to the industries of all of the productive sections that the benefit from the process to local level - agricultural, of transformation, real estate, etc. - which it composes the wide spectrum of the economy of the tourism (in function of the efficiency and sustainability of the enterprises).

However and although the benefits, the science, that will look for answers and to point logical and coherent roads, in the direction of the sustainability of the system tourism and environmental, it is left aside in most of AL & of Caribbean countries.

Maybe for that, the proposer has pilgrim without until today to get any support, to not to be the academic visibility of the proposal, that you/he/she was always well accepts, nationally and internationally.

At this time and in function of the impossibility of the continuity of the proposer's participation in the Course of Doctorate in Territorial Planning and Regional development close to University of Barcelona, close to which already accomplished the period presencial in Barcelona (20 credits in 2002), to give continuity to the study (their expenses as he tried to do) together that institution, at this time and for absolute lack of resources to finance, to maintain and to maintain his family, besides forming the necessary bases for render of the proposed study, he is in search of the necessary partnerships to give pursuit to the study in this same one or in another institution, once not even the Department of Physical geography and Regional Geographical Analysis of this university, in that the academic part gave attention, the requested support was not offered.

For viabilização of the proposed study, for its importance and inclusion, it should also be of interest of the beneficiary countries and of all of the organisms that direct and indirectly they are part of the administration (that can be shared) of the system multidisciplinar of the tourism, in their contexts economical, sociocultural and ecological - you adapt, besides those that promote the formation and the professional qualification of the several areas, the development of the sciences and of the technology, as well as of those organisms that are them similar.

Although the study has been proposed by a single citizen - that are addressing his academic formation to contribute so that such important human activity (the tourism), in this specific study it won't be able to and nor it should be alone - it should also be aided and to have part of the responsibility in the transport on the part of the beneficiaries of the process - governments and productive sections.

For so much, the author, in view of forming partnerships and of making possible the studies proposed search to become aware the managers of the several sections and organisms of the study area and involved in the wide and multidisciplinar system that it involves the tourist activity, so much in Brazil as us too much Latin-American countries and of Caribbean, with views the viabilização of the same.

In this sense, it proposes the establishment of thirsts and/or of offices - base of administration of the study - no(s) país(es) and/or na(s) cidade(s) that him



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oportunizar(em) the necessary support for operacionalizar their actions in function of the proposed study and to offer partnerships with the entities that motivate the development of the study - it is in that country goes.

It also proposes the participation of higher education institutions and technician of the several countries of the study area and the formation of a "on-line" database for the free access through Internet of all the data that go being collected - and simultaneously made available - already in the phase of studies.

The observations proceeded in the phase of the direct researches, they will be covered thoroughly and documented with the use of audiovisual resources, for institucionalmente they be exhibited and as educational resource (productions made available to the organisms and institutions backers of the study in subject with exhibition right for educational and institutional purpose) besides having transmitted through television net, of cable TV, of the Internet and of the registration in other supports and mídias (which are also invited to contribute in the accomplishment).

The images and productions generated with focus and interest of the audiovisual segment, they will also be transmitted through the Internet and of other "sites" with specific interest and of institutions apoiadoras of the study in subject.

Process(es) adopted, including methodology and strategy(ies)

OPERACIONALIZACION / METHODOLOGY

Seeking an Operational Way (In a Country of Third World Called Brazil)

After going on pilgrimage in Brazil to try to sensitize the productive sectors that have benefits of the tourism, government and to attempt per 19 years - without getting - anyone incentive to develop this study (that was born in a course of post grade of an agency of the UN - the WTO in Rome nel 1988 and starting from theories of the Course of Specialization in Tourism - mainly of the Prof. Alberto Sessa and Carmelo Cavallaro), the proposer thought of developmet inclination of a master course or of doctorate , planning to be or certain road and paying for this.

To turn viable the study, although without support in his own country, the author tried to make possible through the doctorate program in Regional Planning and Development of the University of Barcelona, where it accomplished the obligatory period of 20 academic credits in the year of 2002. However, although the width and need of this study - that was presented to the coordination of the course in the year of 2000 - there was not on the part of this institution and of the people that led the department the minimum it interests in to support or to try to make possible the necessary partnerships to the study, although they had the knowledge of the width of the proposal, of the historical of the initiatives and the proposer's difficulties - knowing about the project and of his importance for the area of the study and to facilitate the proposer the minimum conditions per such.

Today, the development is in open for associations that turn possible the researches and proposed activities.



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The author is presenting at forums as in Porto Alegre, in DESTINATION 2006 in that the work was selected by the International Technical Committee for the presentation, to give visibility to the project and to form the necessary partnerships. In a first level it is necessary the interest of an or more agents backers of the study, the assembly of an office base in any country of the area of the study, with equipment and configuration of the system that it will receive the data that will be sent by the teams that will go to field simultaneously. Through the readiness of a financial contribution - that can be directly linked it some institution or university - the physical structure, office equipments, computation and at least 6 trainees, the coordination of the study, will begin direct contacts with an university in each one of the 46 units geo-politics that conforms the totality of the area proposed for the study. In each one of these units and apartir of the agreements, they will be qualified the researchers that will go to field - what can be proceeded simultaneously for groups of countries.

The proposal of development of the study is opened and it can be accomplished with base in any country, institution or research center that he/she is interested in supporting the initiative of this "indispensable study for environmental and tourist sustainability of the countries of Latin America and of Caribbean."

Unhappily, the proposer was not born at a country that sees the knowledge as base of the development and, in that sense, exact 19 years passed from the insight for this study, with great sacrifice personal, family and intellectual for the same. The author manifests the critic and his indignation to the "delay" that our Brazilian government institutions - that are guided by the economy - it imposes as only road for the assumed development - that is unsustainable ambientalmente, socially and same economically.

And it is not for other reason that although the "education" is indicated as "road" by the international organisms, here we have 55% of the graduates in university that they don't work in the activities in that they were formed or they left the country in search of opportunities to give flow their stock of good proposed to improve the world and the humanity, because here in this poor country, mainly of spirit and of beginnings, they don't find them out of the optics of the economy. POLITICS OF ACTION / STRATEGIES

S1 - Ethical interaction - Collection of Data and Generation of the Knowledge of the Environmental Sustainability

The professionals will go to field with material to interaction - according to proposal - taking the knowledge to the communities about maintainable tourism, workshops, round tables - among other activities.

That interaction will be registered in videos with educational bases and for they be taken for other experiences around of the world, optimizing the system of the promulgated "environmental sustainability" through more solid bases and of registered experiences and published through the audiovisual techniques.

The operation of the project of the investigation and of the to make available of the data inclination of the Internet, the final publication of the studio and through of other



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resources, inclination of the coordination will be made of the author with theoretical bases promulgated by the international organisms and with bases in the contents of the curricula of the courses of powders graduation in Tourism (SIST-Rome - Italy), in Leisure and Recreation (UFRGS - Porto Alegre), period presencial of course of doctorate Regional Planning and Development (Un. of Barcelona) and it will be developed in center of research of planning of the tourist development in academical institution to be chosen by the proposer, with the support and participation of the respective Latin American and Caribbean countries - universities, NGOs, Foundations, international organizations - and of the two organisms of the UN - UNESCO or OMT, inclination of its Universities, courses of tourism and for other Departments or Institutes of investigation of the local similar areas.

By means of the Coordination the specific orientation will be proceeded for the standard of the information that will be inventoried. Later on, these guidelines and norms of procedures will be remitted to those "local coordinators" in the respective Latin American and Caribbean countries. Each one of the Latin American and Caribbean countries will be responsible for the information to the database centered in the Internet, which will be upgraded later, annually and with base in the information, in the data of the precedent year and their respective alterations for reissue of an annual publication.

For the development of the investigation and of the works of ponytail of data if to indirect and direct investigation with study of cases (towns to are determined in the preliminary analysis).

The insinuation will be it tosses inclination of the Internet and com it bases on data and information available in institutions archives at local level. The direct will be it tosses inclination of the diverse institutions, organisms, universities and other investigation institutes and, also, of the entities of class of the productive sectors and of the civil corporation; inclination of the NGOs and of the possible interested in the investigations in the diverse countries, in cooperation agreements with the international organizations (OMT, Unesco, etc..).

For that you given they will look for information through of the universities, public and private organisms of the diverse countries of the study area, tinting like base in the observation the Theory of the Dynamics of the Tourist Space of Moissec, the Methodology of the Territorial Analyses, used by Ruolli (Great Park Sasso - Italy) and the Theory of the Systems - utilized per the Laboratory of Geography of the University of Messina - Italy, per the Prof. Giotart (A. Catholic of Paris and Sorbone), trying to determine the correct ones and the incorrect actions politicians - you publish and private - and, also, the stage of the evolution of the tourism country to country.

The study will also give the indicative of the predictions and, also, of the correct action politicians - country to country for the harmonic and sustainable development of the tourism, starting from the triple contained: economic, socio-cultural and ecological-environmental. The obtained data and the result of this study will be through during the process to disposition of the Internet and at the end of the same one, through of a publication and of other audiovisual resources.



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Operational ideogram

S2 - Formation of Partnerships with Other Institutions

They will be in a first phase formed the partnerships with other institutions in function of they propitiate the bases of financial resources and infrastructure for the transport of the study. Each participant entity of the agreement will take the responsibility for 1/20 of the costs foreseen by the general structure of the project and they will have as return the access to all the data, document generated, results and processes to be developed, besides audiovisual material especially produced in a series of 42 documentaries in digital video, willfully developed with an educational approach by the project.

S3 - Formation of Bases of Support to the development of the Researches and of Academic Interaction - Investigation and Education Nuclei (IEN)

In this phase, agreements will be formed among the Movimento Green Wave, that will be constituted like OSCIP (Organization of the Civil association, NGO) with centers of researches of the Universities and of other interested institutions in the study and in the educators' qualification to take the knowledge of the maintainable tourist development the communities that are being affected and that can benefit of the process in Nuclei of Investigation and Education.

That stage foresees the professionals' qualification that you/they will form them Equips of Coordination of the Study (ECS) in the respective countries and dependent territories in a proportion of each 10 professionals for each 1 million inhabitants, which will be the responsible for all of the activities of each one of the 46 geo-political units of the study.



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The foreseen activities and under responsibility of healthy IENs:

" Indirect investigation

" Formation and Coordination of the Teams of Community Interaction

" Feeding of the database

3. Direct and Indirect Researches and Teams of Community Interaction (TCI)

In function of the development of the works and programmed activities of collection of the data, courses, lectures, interviews, public hearings, round tables, photographic and audiovisual registrations; of the respective studies and inventories will be professional paymasters that will constitute the Community Teams of Interaction (TCI)

That stage foresees the 20 professionals' qualification to each 1 million inhabitants in each one of the 46 geo-political units of the study.



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Attributions of the Team of Community Interaction

• Direct investigation of Data

• Courses, Shops and Palaestras (with didactic material) - Principles and Practical of Environmental Sostenibilidad - Sustainable tourism - Theory and Good you Practice - Shop Building the Sustainable Future Together - The Children, the youths and the Sustainable Future - Shop Tourism: Leisure and Business

• Open Public audiences (with reports)

• Audiovisual collective community production - “Our Mirror” - Like we are and Like we Want to Be - X-ray of the Tourism in LA and Caribbean - (The Country) and the Tourism (42 documental)

5 - RESOURCES

5.1 - HUMAN RESOURCES

The necessary human resources for the development of the project will be originated:

• True the organisms backers of the project



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• In the Universities and institutions of investigation of all the Latin American countries and of the Caribbean;

• In the state organisms of tourism of the countries;; • In the class entities and of the civil corporation of the national and international tourist

sector; • In the direct recruiting when necessary

The participation will be made by cooperation agreements whose institutions will put representatives for development of the project.

5.1.1 - GENERAL COORDINATION:

The General Coordination will belong to the author of the project

5.1.2 - REGIONAL COORDINATION AND LOCAL TEAM

In each one of the diverse Latin American countries and of the Caribbean it will be constituted a regional coordination (local), by means of representatives of the universities - courses of tourism and of other Departments or investigation institutes and of the organisms of the public administrations of the tourism, of the class entities, of the diverse productive sectors and of the civil corporation, ONGs and of other local similar areas. The regional coordination will be responsibility of the Universities - courses of tourism - in the diverse Latin American countries and of the Caribbean. Each one of the regional coordination and their respective working teams will be organized of agreement with their readiness and with the orientation of the team of general coordination and of the international organizations.

5.2 - MATERIAL RESOURCES

Dedicated to turn possible the project: - of central organization (coordination). Readiness of central office - I space physical and equipment dedicated to the central government from the project to be located in Spain, en el Brazil or in one of the chosen Latin American countries for such a purpose (to make available of basic equipment of offices, communications and registration of data).

5.2.1 - OF THE REGIONAL ORGANIZATION

Readiness of offices - physical spaces and material in the universities (course of tourism) in the Latin American countries, dedicated to the regional administrations of the project (regional coordination and local team) of the diverse Latin American countries, with readiness of basic teams of offices, of communication and others.

5.2.2 - OF THE GENERAL OPERACIONALIZACIÓN

The complete inventory of the necessary and complementary material resources will be proceeded by the general coordination for the to make available the project.



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5.3 - FINANCIAL RESOURCES

The necessary financial resources to make available of the project will be dedicated directly to the institutions that participated of the project, to I title of support and they will be originated of their own ones sources or of the following ones:

- Of the international organizations, companies and institutions interested in the support and financing of the project;

- Of the responsible public administrations for the tourist sectors in the diverse Latin American countries;

- Of other proposed sources.

6. CHRONOGRAM

During 2 years of the start, 3 months of elaboration of didactic material, formation of teams; 6 months qualification of the teams of community interaction; 6 months data collection and 3 months tabulation of the data and finalization.

Partner institutions and other parties involved – when possible, list websites

Seeking an Operational Way and partners. government organisms of tourism; entities of class of the direct productive sections and indirectly beneficiaries of the tourism; universities of the 46 countries and territories of the area of the study; producing of programs for television; aerial companies, etc...

Source(s) of funding – when possible, list websites

20 sponsors and other support in function of the needs of the project

Concrete results

Expected and Effective results

▪ 1 Global Report of the Proposed Study, Publication and Diffusion ▪ 46 Reports – country to country; territory to territory ▪ 19 Sectoral Reports (below related) ▪ 42 audiovisual documentaries ▪ 400 Interviews and Depositions of Specialists (all of the areas of the knowledge) ▪ Hundreds of Inform of the Audiences ▪ 1 Public Bank of Data in the Internet

Bank of Data of Public Acces - Open diffusion by Internet

▪ Data ▪ Documents ▪ Images in pictures ▪ Videotapes ▪ Correspondence



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▪ Sectoral analysis ▪ Conclusive studies

Educational Results

▪ 300 professionals to level of coordination of the Nuclei of Investigation and Education in the 46 units political geo of the study

▪ 600 professionals for the Teams of Community Interaction ▪ 120.000 Monitors of Community Leadership

The 19 Sectorial Studies:

E1� Administration Typologies and development philosophies of tourism in Latin America and the Caribbean, in the countries and territories of the region

E2� The tourism in the regional plans, in the sectoral plans and in the strategic plans (- How political, - In what contexts, - That directions ?) / Analysis and specific identification of the typologies of the tourist development in LA & Caribbean, in the countries and territories of the region

E3� The area of the study and the countries of LA & Caribbean in the context of the world tourism - The functionality at the level of the macromarketing

E4� Active tourist areas and potentials for the sustainable development of the tourism - country to the country and in the macro-regions of LA & Caribbean

E5� Tourism in LA & Caribbean - the man, the space, the time and the vector transports

E6� AL & Caribbean, aspects and significant political, anthropological and sociocultural characteristics - the barriers, the positive factors and the new formulas for the integration and sustainable development of the region

E7� The legislation, the Instruments and the practicies of environmental protection in AL & Caribbean and in the countries and territories of the region (from the constitutions, general and specific laws, instruments for the social participation - among other)

E8� The Agreements and the regional pacts - the effectiveness and impediments with regard to the regional integration and the sedimentation of the tourist activity

E9� The propensity and the politics of the governments and of the institutions with regard to the tourism

E10� The existing use and tendencies of use of the territory - the geography and the city-planning one: compatibility and use conflicts with regard to the development of the tourism



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E11� Geography of the tourism in the LA & Caribbean

E12� The physical Geography and human geography revealing the attractiveness, the potential and the sociocultural diversity in AL & in Caribbean

E13� The tourism and the environmental patrimony of AL & Caribbean

E14� The analysis of the aspects and climatic factors - the consequences and benefits for the tourism of LA & Caribbean

E15� The islands, the fragile ambients, the continent and the environmental sustainability

E16� It structures from the tourism country to the country (the attractiveness, the infrastructure, the super structure, the complementary structures and of tourist animation; base educational and of professional qualification of the tourism

E17� The confrontation among the politics, the reality and you practice them with the opposing problems - raising the points to be taken care better

E18� The formulation of the hypotheses of the tendencies of the evolution

E19� La proposición de medidas preventiva, detener y revertir los efectos y las tendencias negativas del turismo,

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

But do that to offer proofs of the correlations of of the studied events, turn possible the readiness of specific instruments of consultation and of orientation of the initiatives of the tourist sector through of the publication and the popularization of the data and of the result of the study, dedicated to the diverse public, private organisms, class entities (of the productive sectors and of the civil corporation) originated in a multidisciplinary study to be proceeded with all those by means of the Universities (of the Departments and similar courses) e/o institutes of investigations of the diverse Latin American and of the Caribbean countries, approaching their economic, socio-cultural and ecological-environmental contexts of the tourism and proceeded of country to Latin American country, indicating the respective problems and the roads for their solution.

1 - to proceed to the inventory country to country with a view to the knowledge of the context of the tourist development of the philosophies and of the action politicians adopted by the different public administrations, for the different sectors and organisms wrapped in the process;

2 - to proceed to the evolutionary analysis of the market of the tourist flows and of their interrelations in the time and tourist space (physical-space occupation).

3 - I study of the potential (country to country) of the local tourist development - of their natural and socio-cultural attractiveness (physical and human geography) of their infra and super-structures already installed; of their support equipment and of animation; of their educational structures - of formation and professional qualification for the sector.



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4 - to create a database of information and of images, which will be to disposition of the national and international organisms - government and not government, universities, private institutions, entities of class of the productive sectors and of the civil corporation through of the Internet and of other resource (video, CD Rom, publications, etc...);

5 - Turn possible the protection and appraisement of the historical, environmental patrimony and of the local culture - specific of each country and the respective emission in the economic circuit in a sustainable way.

6 - Turn possible the diverse public and private organisms, entities of class of the productive sectors and of the civil corporation, the readiness of a specific instrument of consultation and orientation for their specific stocks in the Latin American context, by means of the proposed resources and of other suggested nel development of the project. The observations proceeded in the phase of the direct researches, they will be covered thoroughly and documented with the use of audiovisual resources, for institutions to be exhibited and as educational resource (productions made available to the organisms and institutions backers of the study in subject with exhibition right for educational and institutional purpose) besides having transmitted through television net, of cable TV, of the Internet and of the registration in other supports and means. The images and productions generated with focus and interest of the audiovisual segment, they will also be transmitted through in other sites with specific interest and of support institutions of the study in subject.

Actions and programs that worked

Any program or action went until the developed moment, the exception of the own proposer's direct research

Difficulties encountered and practices that did not meet expectations

The main difficulty is the abstinence of the need of this study on the part of the public power and of the institutions that can make possible the development economically.

“The the proposer continues seeking an Operational Way In a Country of Third World Called Brazil” that it is the only that he has been having access to directions - but everything without answers, not even for education that is.

Awards and Certifications

• Projetct selected for Master tesis development - Un. of Andalusia, 1998 • 200-2002 - Selected in University of Barcelona - for doctorate course • 2006 - World forum of Tourism - Destinations 2006 - selected for presentation as one of

the better 50 practical of maintainable tourism



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Publications related to the Initiative/Case

Presented research project and it is component part of the presented works and that it had contributed to the Letter of the Maintainable Tourism of UNESCO/INSULA, Lanzarote 1995

COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS

The proposer intends to develop the study with office base in any country that is interested in financing the bases and the work structure.

Material On File New Materials

Texts No Yes Video No No Images No Yes PowerPoint Presentation No No University Synopsis Yes Yes IH Synopsis Yes No Registration Form Yes No Publications No No Other Materials No No

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