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TLIO207D Follow security procedures Learner Guide
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TLIO207D Follow security proceduresLearner Guide

ContentsWhat this Learners Guide is about ........................................ 3 Planning your learning ........................................................... 4 How you will be assessed ...................................................... 7 Section 1............................................................................................. 9 Following security procedures for goods and cargo............... 9 Section 2........................................................................................... 25 Reporting incidents/emergencies......................................... 25 Additional resources ....................................................................... 36 Feedback on activities .................................................................... 38

TLIO207D Follow security procedures

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Australian National Training Authority 2003 Customised and developed by Armstrongs Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008

TLIO207D Follow security procedures

What this Learners Guide is aboutThis Learners Guide is about the skills and knowledge to follow security procedures in accordance with workplace requirements, including checking seals on containers* or packages, taking appropriate action to reseal or dispose of packages and empty containers, securing pillage and high value goods, recording delivery of cargo, and dealing with and writing reports on security incidents and/or emergencies. NOTE: Throughout this Learners Guide, the word container refers to a The Elements of Competency from the unit TLIO207D Follow security procedures covered in this Learners Guide are listed below. Check seals on containers or packages Take action to reseal or dispose of packages and empty containers Secure pillage and high value goods Record delivery of cargo Deal with and write reports on security incidents/emergencies This unit of competency is from the Transport and Logistics Training Package (TLI07). box-like receptacle used to contain goods of standard size and shape for transport on a ship, truck or by rail or the box-like receptacle used to contain goods of standard size and shape for transport by air. Package refers to any other receptacle for goods or cargo that is contained within such containers or is ready for transportation as is.

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Planning your learningIt is important to plan your learning before you start because you may already have some of the knowledge and skills that are covered in this Learners Guide. This might be because: you have been working in the industry for some time, and/or you have already completed training in this area.

Together with your supervisor or trainer use the checklists on the following pages to help you plan your study program. Your answers to the questions in the checklist will help you work out which sections of this Learners Guide you need to complete. This Learners Guide is written with the idea that learning is made more relevant when you, the learner, are actually working in the industry. This means that you will have people within the enterprise who can show you things, discuss how things are done and answer any questions you have. Also you can practise what you learn and see how what you learn is applied in the enterprise. If you are working through this Learners Guide and have not yet found a job in the industry, you will need to talk to your trainer about doing work experience or working and learning in some sort of simulated workplace.

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Section 1: Check seals on containers or packagesAre you able to: 1. check seals to ensure they are intact prior to unstuffing or unpacking? 2. report damaged seals in accordance with workplace regulations? Yes No

Section 2: Take action to reseal or dispose of packages and empty containersAre you able to: 1. complete unstuffing or unpacking operations in accordance with workplace regulations? 2. check personnel and/or vehicles access (entry and exit) to/from unpacking areas? 3. check and record entry and exit from unpacking areas to prevent unlawful entry and/or removal of goods and cargo? Yes No

Section 3: Secure pillage and high value goodsAre you able to: 1. identify and secure goods of high value and those that are easily stolen within specified locations? 2. report any breaches of security to appropriate personnel? Yes No

Section 4: Record delivery of cargoAre you able to: 1. complete documents recording cargo delivered from depot? Yes No

Australian National Training Authority 2003 Customised and developed by Armstrongs Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008

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Section 5: Deal with and write reports on security incidents/emergenciesAre you able to: 1. deal with security incidents/emergencies in accordance with workplace procedures? 2. write reports to communicate security incidents/emergencies? Yes No

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How you will be assessedAssessment of this Unit of Competency will include observation of real or simulated work processes using workplace procedures and questioning on underpinning knowledge and skills. It must be demonstrated in an actual or simulated work situation under supervision. You will be required to: check seals on containers and report broken seals in accordance with workplace procedures follow workplace procedures to maintain the security of cargo and goods that you handle including high value goods or those able to easily stolen complete records of delivery of cargo from depot deal with and write reports of security incidents/emergencies.

Australian National Training Authority 2003 Customised and developed by Armstrongs Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008

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TLIO207D Follow security procedures

Section 1Following security procedures for goods and cargo

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Section outlineAreas covered in this section Following security procedures including: identifying workplace procedures for security checking and resealing containers or packages monitoring and securing entry and exit from the site following procedures for securing high value and easily pilfered goods

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How do you follow workplace security procedures?Worldwide the direct cost of cargo theft is estimated at US$30 billion per year, with indirect costs many times higher (Source: Australian Institute of Criminology). The result of poor security procedures for cargo handling companies can be an increase in insurance premiums to cover loads and a loss of business through loss of confidence in the companys ability to secure goods. The sale of stolen goods onto the black market results in under-cutting and further loss of business. Fraudulent activity to prevent payment of excise duty and taxes can create further economic problems. As an example of the value of cargo, a single truckload of cigarettes can be worth up to A$3milion. It is estimated that nearly half of cargo losses can be traced to organised crime. Official estimates of figures for indirect costs such as those associated with investigation and insurance payments are between US$20 billion 60 billion. The breakdown into sectors is as follows: road transport - 87% of cargo losses maritime - 8% of all cargo losses rail 4% of all cargo losses air less than 1% of all cargo losses.

Track and trace systems have helped to reduce petty pilferage (thefts of small amounts) but allows for large-scale cargo theft. According to the Australian Institute of Criminology, there is now an increased possibility that a truck with cargo can be stolen in transit, or that cargo can be removed at storage facilities or after transportation. The greatest danger is when cargo is being loaded and unloaded or from fraudulent papers. With laptop computers and available software, orders can be scanned, changed to a smaller amount and then used as a replacement for the original (full) order. In the past (before containerised transportation of cargo) loads were counted and recounted at each stage of handling to ensure that the correct consignment had been made at each step. Although time consuming, this ensured that any shortfalls were detected quickly and reported and acted upon.

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What are the workplaces procedures for the security of goods and cargo?The aim of your workplace is to ensure that all goods and cargo handled by your company are secure. That is, whatever comes into the work area leaves there in good condition and in the quantities delivered to you. The benefits of this are:

lower insurance premiums developing a reputation as a company that is trustworthy and efficient

no lost time to investigate loss of goods increased business. Businesses have recognised the cost of losing stock and along with changes such as containerisation, use of IT and track and trace systems, seals on cargo are now widespread. Seals can be made in a variety of materials including plastics, metal, wire, etc. The seals are designed to remain in place during transit of goods and not be accidentally cut or to fall off. A visual identification is required with the seal and a number or code is added to the seal that is unique to that container. Seals can stay in place until the container is to be unpacked or unstuffed. Examples can be found at the CGMs (US) company web site at http://www.cgmsecuritysolutions.com. The seals available include locks and cables for containers, trucks and pallets and tape that can be used on corrugated cardboard boxes that if pealed off displays a message tampered with or opened. Again visual inspection is required to make these systems 100% effective. Where seals have been removed, your workplace will have procedures in place for reporting this. Some workplaces have a Polaroid camera available to easily record the effects of tampering with cargo. A written report will usually be required as well. It is important to remember that reporting broken or tampered seals, protects you also. If you do not report the situation, you may later be blamed for breaking into the container. Reporting the situation immediately protects you and your fellow team members from blame. The first activity looks at inspection of seals and what to do about broken seals.

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Activity 1: SealsTalk to your fellow team members, trainer and supervisor. Find out what types of seals are placed around containers or packages. Try to find six different examples. (Do this activity with the next activity). Use the table below to record this information:

Description of packages or container

Type of seal used (or insert photos)

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

Australian National Training Authority 2003 Customised and developed by Armstrongs Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008

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Activity 2: Broken sealsWhile you are completing activity 1, try to your find out how you can tell that a seal has been tampered with. You might use photos here. Use the six examples you listed in activity 1. (Do this activity with the previous activity). Use the table below to record this information:

Type of seal used

Indication of tampering

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Activity 3: Reporting tampering with sealsTalk to your trainer. Find out what you are required to do if you identify a seal that is broken or tampered with.________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

Australian National Training Authority 2003 Customised and developed by Armstrongs Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008

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How is entry and exit from the site monitored and secured?Security of the area you work in is also important. If anyone can wander into the area without being stopped or asked for proof that they are lawfully in the area, then theft can and will occur. Unlawful entry to the area could be at night or during the day when everyone is busy. Also, if someone does try to remove goods from the area, can they get out without being checked? Sometimes the fact that the checks are in place, can be a good way to limit theft from the area. The checklist on the following page has been developed from suggestions made in the Australian Institute of Criminology Report No 214, The Detection and Prevention of Cargo Theft for strategies to secure the work area. The columns are for: 1st column area to check 2nd column tick if current system works effectively 3rd column put a cross if improvement needed 4th column make suggestions for improvement The activities that follow get you to audit your own workplaces security.

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CHECKLIST FOR AREA SECURITY Check to be made Is there a fence around the work area with no gaps and unable to be climbed over? Are gates to area fitted with strong locks that cannot be cut with a bolt cutter, wire cutters, other portable hand tools? Are gates crash proof? Do buildings have smash proof windows and doors or guards over windows? Do manholes in buildings have restricted access? Is an alarm fitted and operational with some warning to police or a security service for call out? Is there a surveillance system in place to record movements after dark and outside working hours with an alarm connected to this system? Is access to unused seals restricted (to prevent removal and replacement)? Is loose cargo secured and/or marked (e.g. with marks visible under UV)? X Suggested change

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Are containers stored with doors facing each other to prevent easy opening?

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Check to be made Is an audit undertaken of vulnerability (chance of break in) on a regular basis (internally or externally)? Is high value cargo stored in special locations with greater security? Are company vehicles parked overnight in area fitted with immobilisers? Are all persons entering work area checked? Are vehicles leaving the area checked? Is all loading and unloading supervised by someone within the company? Are all vehicles belonging to employees and contractors parked outside the work area? Are rubbish bins and skips checked regularly (these can be used to remove goods from area)? Are empty containers stored away from other cargo? Are used seals disposed of carefully? Is security upgraded during breaks? Are staff and contractors screened before hiring?

X Suggested change

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Do company policies clearly spell out penalties for theft? Are they serious enough?

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Activity 4: Checking your workplaces security systemPhotocopy the checklist above and conduct an audit or check of how security conscious your workplace is. Ask your trainer for assistance and other people you work with.

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Activity 5: Assisting with securityTalk to your trainer and arrange to work with a fellow team member(s) whose tasks involve checking visitors to the work area or those leaving the area. Discuss what needs to be done in monitoring visitors and vehicles in and out of the area and what situations have arisen in the past (the what could happen column). Record what you learn in the table below:

What is being checked

Why it is being checked

What could happen

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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What arrangements are in place for high value goods and cargo?The smaller and more valuable an item is, the easier it is to be removed or stolen. Probably the best example of money value compared to weight is a diamond. Even a small diamond that could be hidden in a persons ear, tooth or other body parts could be worth a large sum. Special procedures are usually in place for items of high value that are easily pilfered or stolen. These might include:

electronic equipment (video cameras, mobile phones, etc) jewellery, precious minerals, gold pharmaceuticals cigarettes prohibited goods or those subject to licences or restrictions for which there is a black market (e.g. chemicals used in illicit drug manufacture). The range of measures taken to protect these goods might include:

use of safes use of cages or lockers with reinforced panels and locks additional alarms use of guard dogs in area where these goods are stored use of dye bombs in goods that spray a dye over anyone tampering with containers (used for money being moved or stored by banks). The next activity looks at the procedures in place within your workplace for securing high value items.

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Activity 6: Securing high value and easily pilfered goodsTalk to your trainer and others in your workplace about how high value and easily pilfered goods are secured in your workplace. Use the table below to record your answers. Try to find out about a range of measures for goods typically handled by your company.

Type of goods

How secured

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Section 2Reporting incidents/emergencies

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Section outlineAreas covered in this section Completing workplace documents to record goods moved out of the area Responding to security incidents/emergencies including: writing reports dealing with incidents

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How do you respond to situations involving security of goods? What workplace documents are required to record movement of goods?The process of moving goods from the manufacturer to the end user or customer involves many steps. This is called the supply chain. Typically for goods imported from overseas, the supply chain will look like this: Manufacturer The shaded areas represent the area you may be working in. At this point containers are broken open and sorted for distribution to the next step in the supply chain. Goods bought by end customerGoods received at retail outlet, unpacked and put into stock or storage

makes goods

Goods ordered by wholesalers

Goods packaged by manufacturer for shipment (air/sea)

Goods unpacked and sorted into destinations within area

Goods received at wharf or air terminal

Goods transported to destination country/state

Goods repackaged for distribution to wholesalers

Goods transported to wholesalers

Goods received and unpacked by wholesaler

Goods distributed to retail outlets

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As there are possibly ten or more points at which the goods can suffer damage or be pilfered, it is important to count the goods and check these against what is supposed to be in the container or package. Presume that you are working at a wharf where you open containers from overseas, unpack and sort the contents into locations for these goods to be sent. Suppose that one container contains a load of earthenware garden pots from China. These pots are to be sent to 4 different wholesalers in the suburbs of your city. The following table identifies what can go wrong and makes suggestions for how these situations should be acted upon: Step in process Problem Action

Container arrives with Goods are checked Report back to unbroken seal against documents company that packed and found to be short the container Goods are unpacked Some of contents are Report back to broken transporters of container or claim on insurance Order is now short of what is required Document what is being sent to each wholesaler and short falls compared to orders Internal problem of care of goods during handling and pilfering. Report. Change documents to wholesalers

Goods are made into packages for each wholesaler

Final check made of each load

Individual packs contain broken goods and quantities are less than that supposed to be packed

The importance of checking and recording what you are handling and sending out of the area can be seen from this example. Your workplace will have procedures for dealing with each of these situations. Remember that accuracy of counting, making checks and rechecks and keeping goods secure is important to you and your company.

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The next activity looks at problems that might be encountered in this area.

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Activity 7: Dealing with problemsProblems of security of goods can be tracked back to a variety of causes. Talk to your supervisor, trainer and others in your workplace about what you would do in each of the following situations. The last two rows are left blank to add in any other companies or organisations. Use the table to record your answers.

Problem traced to .. Manufacturer or overseas company packaging goods for transport Shipping company responsible for bringing goods into the country Your own company

Action to be taken

Other companies and their staff who come into your area Customs, AQIS or other government agencies

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Activity 8: Workplace records of goods movementTalk to your trainer about what documents you are required to complete to record goods moved out of your area. Practice filling these out. Discuss with your fellow team members what sort of things can go wrong with filling out these documents. Find out what you do with these documents when you have completed them. Record what you learn in the space below.

________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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What do you do when there is a security incident/emergency?Your company will have procedures for reporting security incidents. These may be verbal or written, probably depending on the nature of the incident. More serious incidents will probably require a written report. The report will include details like:

time and date of incident nature of incident (break-in, alarm being sounded, intruder, etc) goods damaged or removed value of goods actions taken offender or responsible person/organization any other details explaining the incident. The actual procedures will vary. You should get familiar with what you are expected to do in such situations. These requirements are the focus of the next activity.

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Activity 9: Youre nicked .Talk to your trainer about what you are supposed to do if you detect an attempt by anyone (fellow team member or outside person) to steal or pilfer goods from your workplace. Also check the workstation or gatehouse where security is located for resources used in case of an attempted theft. Examples might include: emergency phone numbers, alarms, switch to lock gate in an emergency, etc. List what you have learnt in the space below.

Resources available in case of attempted theft

Procedures in case of detecting theft or an attempt at theft

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Activity 10: Written reportsAsk your trainer to show you examples of written reports and discuss how these were filled out. Practice filling out a report form for the following incidents: 1. A driver from another company attempted to load some loose cartons containing cigarettes to the value of $1200 into his/her truck. This was discovered when you checked the load before allowing him/her to leave the depot. 2. You discover when you arrive at work that a break-in has occurred. A gate has been forced using bolt cutters and 10 computers valued at $2000 each have been stolen. 3. A pallet is being unpacked and loose goods are lying around the store. When the goods are checked against the documents provided for the load, some goods are missing to the value of $500. No visitors have been in the area only company staff. 4. A container arrives with a broken seal and a check reveals that water damage has occurred to the goods and that about $5000 of goods (electronic goods) is missing compared to the documents recording the contents.

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Activity 11: Police involvementTalk to your trainer about when police are called and other authorities such as Customs, AQIS, and Federal Police. Is there a given monetary value or type of goods that require a police report or report to another authority? Record what you learn in the space below.

________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________

There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learners Guide.

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Additional resources

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Web sites:

CGM (US) company manufacturing and selling packaging seals: http://www.cgmsecuritysolutions.com

The Detection and Prevention of Cargo Theft, Australian Institute of Criminology Report No 214, September 2001 (available via download at http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/tandi214.html)

Tradegate report on cargo theft available at:

http://www.tradegate.org.au/sfcnsw/Activities/LWG-Minutes-21- October-2002.pdf http://www.dfat.gov.au/

Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Switched-on packaging company (theft prevention devices): http://www.switchedon.com.au/packaging.html

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Feedback on activitiesThe responses provided in this section are suggested responses. Because every workplace is different, your responses may vary according to your specific workplace procedures, the equipment available and the nature of the business.

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Activity 1: SealsThe web reference provided in this section gives a wide range of seals that are available. Information is also given on how to use these seals and with what sort of containers or packages. Check your answers with relevant people in your workplace.

Activity 2: Broken seals and Activity 3: Reporting tampering with sealsSeals broken on containers or packages arriving at your workplace indicate some form of tampering. Containers or packages may be resealed or opened after recording details and checked for lost goods. Reporting is important where goods have been removed, stolen or damaged.

Activity 4: Checking your workplaces security systemThe checklist was adapted from a report of the Australian Institute of Criminology and reflects best practice in securing goods when being handled. As a result of your audit of the workplace you should discuss any obvious security risks with your trainer.

Activity 5: Assisting with securityChecking of vehicles and people entering and leaving the area should include everyone (even the manager) to be totally effective. It is important to identify what to do if you suspect or identify a security problem.

Activity 6: Securing high value and easily pilfered goodsHigh value and easily pilfered goods will have extra security that might include: extra locks; secure containers/packages; safes; reinforced storage facility; guards; perhaps guard dogs, etc.

Activity 7: Dealing with problemsThe options for dealing with problems of security of goods will vary from company to company and depend on the value and type of goods missing. You may also have to make or set in motion: an insurance claim; a credit; replacement; exchange or a complaint. Australian National Training Authority 2003 Customised and developed by Armstrongs Driver Education Pty Ltd August 2008 Page 39 ADELG1041

TLIO207D Follow security procedures

Activity 8: Workplace records of goods movementAsk for feedback from your trainer and supervisor. It is useful to know what problems others have had in filling out records and so learn what mistakes to avoid. A copy of the record will probably travel with the goods to their destination so the next step of the supply chain can make sure they have been delivered the correct goods.

Activity 9: Youre nicked .Work areas may have an alarm system, radios to call other checkpoints, a list of emergency numbers, switches to lock gates in the event of an emergency, sirens, etc. Procedures will vary from company to company but will be designed to give clear instructions in the event of a security incident or emergency.

Activity 10: Written reportsYou reports should be filled out in accordance with company policy and procedures. The report should clearly indicate details of the event and may include actions that you recommend be taken as a result of the incident. In some workplaces, an investigation will follow an incident or emergency particularly if peoples safety was threatened.

Activity 11: Police involvementYour workplace will have policies and procedures to cover this situation. Pilfering is theft and therefore illegal. Small amounts of pilfering may not require a police report but large amounts and theft of restricted goods (drugs, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, dangerous goods, etc) will require reporting to police and in some cases to the Federal Police, Customs and AQIS.

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