The Union Takes Over. Topics Reconstruction Elections of 1868 and 1872 Election of 1876.

The Union Takes Over

TopicsReconstructionElections of 1868 and 1872

Election of 1876

ReconstructionPresidentialCongressional

Presidential ReconstructionLincoln’s Plan for ReconstructionEffect of Lincoln’s AssassinationJohnson’s failure to pick up the mantle

Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction 1863-Proclamation of Amnesty and

Reconstruction “The Confederate States never left the

Union” Wanted the state governments back in

operation before September

Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination

NorthSouth

Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination-North

April 11, 1865Ford’s Theatre, Washington, DCJohn Wilkes BoothDespair

Ford’s Theatre-1866

Today

John Wilkes Booth-1860

Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination-South

Left open the chance that Lincoln’s plan would not happen

Andrew Johnson –17th president

Johnson’s failure to pick up the mantle Agreed with Lincoln that the states never left the Union, so reconstruction is unnecessary

Johnson’s failure to pick up the mantle May 1865-Proclamation of

AmnestyEach state had to ratify the

13th Amendment to get back in

Congressional Reconstruction

Radical RepublicansJudicial BranchProgram for Freed Slaves

Radical Republicans RuleLoyalty OathsPardonsMilitary OccupationLimits to Presidential Power

Loyalty Oaths

1864-Wade-Davis Bill

Pardons

Congress, without Southern members voted to approve a Joint Committee on Reconstruction

Pardons

Reconstruction Acts- DO not allow a person to vote unless you can tell that he is fit

Military Occupation 1867-Military Reconstruction Act divided the states into military districts

Limits to Presidential Power1867-Command of the Army Act, Tenure of Office Act

Impeachment of Johnson

Impeachment of JohnsonHe kept pardoning former Confederates

Deliberatively violated the Tenure of Office Act

Impeachment of Johnson

“Tried to obstruct the will of Congress”

1868-Impeached Stepped back from the

process

JudicialCongress removed the power of the court to review cases under the Reconstruction Acts

The Court ruled on the idea of an “indestrucable Union”

Program for freed slavesConstitutional Amendments Creation of the Freedman’s

Bureau“It is now Our Country”

Constitutional Amendments 1866-Civil Rights Act

Creation of the Freedman’s Bureau Johnson vetoed an act to

extend the life of the Bureau, saying that it was created for wartime and war is over

Congress overrode the veto

White Southerners’ Response to

Reconstruction Dislike for “Carpetbaggers” and “Scalawags” Resentment Strong dislike for anything “Yankee” Birth of the KKK The “Solid South”

Dislike for “Carpetbaggers” and “Scalawags”Carpetbaggers – Slang for

Northerners who came south Scalawags – Slang for

Southerners who opposed secession

Resentment

Southerners hated both groups

Birth of the KKK

1866-Pulaski, Tennessee

The “Solid South”

Elections186818721876

1868 and 1872 ElectionsRepublicans Triumphant Corruption in Government

Republicans Triumphant

Election of a military hero

Split within the party

Election of a military heroGrant wins both, although his political leanings were unknown

Split within the party

RepublicansLiberal republicans

Corruption in GovernmentCredit mobilier Whiskey Ring Local Level

Credit mobilierConstruction company that embezzled a ton of money

Cabinet and Congress members benefitted

Whiskey RingGrant’s Private Secretary involved

Local LevelTammany Hall

The Compromise of 1876-18771877- Electoral Commission

set upHayes elected President if

he removed the last troops from the South

Samuel J. Tilden

Hayes-Elected 1877