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The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions Working Group, and Conclusions from the Turbomachinery Session of from the Turbomachinery Session of the Third OpenFOAM Workshop the Third OpenFOAM Workshop Maryse Page and Martin Beaudoin Hydro-Québec, Research Institute 24th IAHR Symposium October 27-31, 2008, Foz do Iguasso Håkan Nilsson Chalmers University of Technology, SVC Bernhard Gschaider ICE Strömungsforschung Hrvoje Jasak Wikki Ltd.
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The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

Jan 10, 2022

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Page 1: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions Working Group, and Conclusions

from the Turbomachinery Session of from the Turbomachinery Session of the Third OpenFOAM Workshopthe Third OpenFOAM Workshop

Maryse Page and Martin BeaudoinHydro-Québec, Research Institute

24th IAHR SymposiumOctober 27-31, 2008, Foz do Iguasso

Håkan NilssonChalmers University of

Technology, SVC

Bernhard GschaiderICE Strömungsforschung

Hrvoje JasakWikki Ltd.

Page 2: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

2

OutlineOutline

OpenFOAM CFD toolbox

OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group Objectives and contributions

Third OpenFOAM Workshop in Milano, June 2008:– Code

– Validation: ERCOFTAC conical diffuser

– Technical presentations

Next meeting: Turbomachinery Workgroup day at Fourth OpenFOAM Workshop in Montréal, June 2009

Page 3: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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About the OpenFOAM CFD toolboxAbout the OpenFOAM CFD toolbox

OpenFOAM: Open Field Operation and Manipulation An OpenSource object oriented C++ tool for solving PDE's

http://www.openfoam.org

OpenSource: We have insight into the code

We can make development and tailor-made solvers

We can make research implementations available and results reproducable

We can use a large number of CPUs without extra cost

Access to an international community of OpenFOAM users

Page 4: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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About the OpenFOAM CFD toolboxAbout the OpenFOAM CFD toolbox

Preprocessing: Grid generators, converters and manipulators Case setup

Postprocessing: OpenSource Paraview Access to postprocessing tools (Ensight, etc) through

conversion Many specialized CFD solvers implemented, e.g.

simpleFoam: A finite volume steady-state solver for incompressible, turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids, using the SIMPLE algorithm

turbFoam: A finite volume solver for unsteady incompressible, turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids, using the PISO algorithm

icoDyMFoam: Sliding/moving grid

Runs in parallel using automatic/manual domain decomposition

Page 5: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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About the OpenFOAM Turbo WG About the OpenFOAM Turbo WG

Initiated at the Second OpenFOAM Workshop in Zagreb, June 2007

Steering committee:Maryse Page, Martin Beaudoin (Hydro-Québec)and Håkan Nilsson (Chalmers)

Homepage: OpenFOAM Wiki: http://openfoamwiki.net/index.php/Sig_Turbomachinery

Code sharing: A branch of the OpenFOAM-extend project on

SourceForge.net

Contact:[email protected]

Page 6: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Objectives of the Working Group Objectives of the Working Group

Identify common interests with OpenFOAM for turbomachinery, and plan joint activities

Develop OpenFOAM for turbomachinery applications, including pre-processing, solution methods, and post-processing.

Provide tutorials on how to produce accurate results using OpenFOAM in turbomachines.

Distribute relevant validation test cases and corresponding OpenFOAM applications.

Use OpenFOAM to develop Best Practice Guidelines for CFD in turbomachines.

Connect people with the same interest: OpenFOAM and turbomachinery.

Organize meetings, workshops and collaborations

Page 7: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Contributions to OpenFOAM WikiContributions to OpenFOAM Wiki

Developments Descriptions of contributed solvers, utilities and libraries.

→ Source code on SourceForge.net

Tutorials How to implement (new application, boundary condition,

turbulence model)

Cylindrical coordinate systems

Validation test cases ERCOFTAC conical diffuser

Link to Turbine-99 draft tube

List of publications

Page 8: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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OpenFOAM-extend on SourceForge.netOpenFOAM-extend on SourceForge.net

Contributions to Turbomachinery branch: Source codes:

– Mesh converters:

• cgnsToFoam

• foamToCGNS

– Pre-processing tools:

• addSwirlAndRotation

– Specialized BC:

• profile1DfixedValue

Case-studies/tutorials/validation:– ercoftacConicalDiffuser

Page 9: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Work in progressWork in progress

Development and testing: General Grid Interfaces

Mixing plane interfaces

Filtered k-ω SST turbulence model

Cavitation modelling: VOF with mass-transfer (cavInterFoam)

Automatic parallel benchmarking for hydraulic turbines applications on large clusters

Page 10: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Workshop Case study: Workshop Case study: ERCOFTAC Conical DiffuserERCOFTAC Conical Diffuser

Ref: P.D. Clausen, S.G.Koh and D.H.Wood,Measurements of a Swirling Turbulent Boundary Layer Developing in a Conical Diffuser,Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 1993, 6:39-48

Page 11: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Workshop Case study: Workshop Case study: ERCOFTAC Conical DiffuserERCOFTAC Conical Diffuser

Instructions and comments on OpenFOAM Wiki

All files available on OpenFOAM-extend cases set-up

experimental data

applications, libraries

Mesh parametrization for blockMesh using m4 (O-grid, radial grid)

Automatic post-processing (sample, gnuplot)

Documentation

Page 12: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Cases in OF Wiki and OpenFOAM-extendCases in OF Wiki and OpenFOAM-extend

Case0 Case2Case1

Case1: Extended base caseCase1.1: Radial meshCase1.2: MFRSimpleFoamCase1.3: 2D wedge mesh

Case2: Case1 with a dumpCase2.1: Inlet velocity profileCase2.2: Radial mesh

Case0: Base case

• All cases except Case1.2 use simpleFoam• k-ε with wall functions, average y+: 25-27• div(phi,U) Gauss linearUpwind Gauss;• div(phi,k) Gauss upwind; • div(phi,epsilon) Gauss upwind;

Page 13: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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A B C D E F

Example: Case1.2: Example: Case1.2: Case1 with MRFSimpleFoamCase1 with MRFSimpleFoam

diffuserLength extensionLength

Out

let,

D d

epen

ds o

n

openingAngle

rIn,

diff

user

Len

gth

and

open

ingA

ngle

z

Inle

t, D

= 2

*rIn

0.5mrA

rRelA * rA

rRelAc * rRelA * rA

tNumberOfCells

rNumberOfCells

Rotating part (MRF)

Cross-sections for mesh control(there are m4 parameters for axial locations and mesh density)

m4 parameters

Cross-sectionmesh topology and

m4 parameters

Page 14: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Axial (U) and tangential (W) velocity atZ=25mm, Case0/1/2

Results: ERCOFTAC Conical DiffuserResults: ERCOFTAC Conical Diffuser

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

U/(

U_0

)

y (mm)

Section z = 025mm

Measured UMeasured W

Case0, UCase0, WCase1, UCase1, WCase2, UCase2, W

25 60100 175 250 330

405

Inlet-25

U

W

Page 15: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Results: ERCOFTAC Conical DiffuserResults: ERCOFTAC Conical Diffuser

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

U/(

U_0

)

y (mm)

Section z = 405mm

Measured UMeasured W

Case0, UCase0, WCase1, UCase1, WCase2, UCase2, W

25 60100 175 250 330

405

Inlet-25

Axial (U) and tangential (W) velocity atZ=405mm, Case0/1/2

U

W

Page 16: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Results: ERCOFTAC Conical DiffuserResults: ERCOFTAC Conical Diffuser

0

0.0025

0.005

0.0075

0.01

0.0125

0.015

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

k/(U

_0^2

)

y (mm)

Section z = 025mm

Measured kCase0, kCase1, kCase2, k

25 60100 175 250 330

405

Inlet-25

Turbulent kinetic energy (k) atZ=25mm, Case0/1/2

Page 17: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Results: ERCOFTAC Conical DiffuserResults: ERCOFTAC Conical Diffuser

0

0.0025

0.005

0.0075

0.01

0.0125

0.015

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

k/(U

_0^2

)

y (mm)

Section z = 405mm

Measured kCase0, kCase1, kCase2, k

25 60100 175 250 330

405

Inlet-25

Turbulent kinetic energy (k) atZ=405mm, Case0/1/2

Page 18: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Tech. Presentations in Turbo SessionTech. Presentations in Turbo Session

Third OpenFOAM Workshop in Milano, June 2008: Development of a GGI interface (Beaudoin & Jasak)

LES for swirling flow in pipes (Duprat & Métais)

Turbo-gas engines: GGI, Steady compressible flow, Conjugate Heat Transfer, Boundary Conditions, Mixing Plane (Mangani & Bianchini)

Mixing Plane Interface (Blaim, Borm, Fröbel, Kau)

Page 19: The OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Working Group, and Conclusions ...

24th IAHR Symposium, 2008October 27-31, Foz do Iguassu

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Fourth OpenFOAM WorkshopFourth OpenFOAM Workshop

Montréal, Canada, June 1-4, 2009→ More info: http://www.openfoamworkshop.org

Turbomachinery Session

OpenFOAM Turbomachinery Workgroup Day

Next case study: ERCOFTAC centrifugal pump

M. Ubaldi, P. Zunino, et al., An Experimental Investigation of Stator Induced Unsteadiness on Centrifugal Impeller Outflow, ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 1996.