The northwest ordinance of 1787

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I. CONFEDERATION: a group of loosely joined, but sovereign states.

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A. Problem: Many states made claims to the western lands (Northwest Territory).

Boundaries of the Northwest Territory: Great Lakes (north), Pennsylvania (east), Ohio River (south), Mississippi River (west)

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B. Solution to the Problem: All states agreed to cede (give) their claims to Congress, so Congress can sell the land for the good of the country (confederation).

NATIONAL DOMAIN – Public land

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II. LAND ORDINANCE of 1785: Congress’s plan to sell the land of the Northwest Territory.

A. Rectangular Survey System – carefully surveyed the land into squares to be sold.

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1. Township – the largest division of land. It is thirty-six square miles.

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2. Section – 36 sections in a township. It is one square mile or 640 acres.

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3. Acre – the smallest division of land. It sold for $1 per acre.

The average size farm was 40 acre. So, it sold for $40.

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B. Education – the sale from one section of each township goes to start a school for that township.

How much went for education?Answer: $640

III.III.THE NORTHWEST THE NORTHWEST ORDINANCE of 1787ORDINANCE of 1787 this this document establishes…document establishes…

the principles and procedures for the orderly expansion of the United States.

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A. Statehood:

1. When the population reaches 5,000 adult males the area can:

a. elect it’s own legislature.

b. send non-voting members to Congress.

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2. When the population reaches 60,000 adult males the area can:

a. can write a state constitution and apply for statehood.

b. If Congress approves the state Constitution that area will become a state.

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Five states:

Indiana (1816)Ohio (1803)

Illinois (1818)

Michigan (1837)

Wisconsin (1848)

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Rights Guaranteed:1. Trial by jury

2. Public education

3. Freedom of religion

4. Prohibition of slavery