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THE H ISTO RY OF COMPUT ERDATAS STO RAGE
LESNER VEGA GOMEZ
LUIS ALBERTO REYES
AURY DIAZ ANICHIARICO
MARLEYDIS SOTO TIRADO
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Nowadays we are used to having hundreds of gigabytes of storage capacity in our
computers. Even tiny MP3 players and other handheld devices usually have several
gigabytes of storage. This was pure science fiction only a few decades ago. For example,
the first hard disk drive to have gigabyte capacity was as big as a refrigerator, and that
was in 1980, Not so long ago.
stores a lot of monitoring data every single day, and considering how much we take
todays storage capacity for granted, its interesting to look back and get things in
perspective. Here is a look back at some interesting storage devices from the early
computer era.
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T HE SELECTRON T UB E
The Selectron tube had a capacity of 256 to 4096 bits (32 to 512 bytes).
The 4096-bit Selectron was 10 inches long and 3 inches wide. Originally
developed in 1946, the memory storage device proved expensive and suffered
from production problems, so it never became a success.
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PUNCH CARDS
Early computers often used punch cards
for input both of programs and data.
Punch cards were in common use until
the mid-1970s. It should be noted that
the use of punch cards predates
computers. They were used as early as
1725 in the textile industry (for
controlling mechanized textile looms).
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PUNCHED TAPE
Same as with punch cards, punched tape
was originally pioneered by the textile
industry for use with mechanized looms.
For computers, punch tape could be used
for data input but also as a medium to
output data. Each row on the tape
represented one character.
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THE HARD DISK DRIVE
The first hard disk drive was the IBM
Model 350 Disk File that came with the
IBM 305 RAMAC computer in 1956.
It had 50 24-inch discs with a total
storage capacity of 5 million characters
(just under 5 MB).
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THE LASERDISC
We mention it here mainly because it was the
precursor to the CD-ROM and other optical
storage solutions. It was mainly used for movies.
The first commercially available laserdisc system was
available on the market late in 1978 (then called
Laser Videodisc and the more funkily branded
Disco Vision) and were 11.81 inches (30 cm) in
diameter. The discs could have up to 60 minutes of
audio/video on each side. The first laserdiscs had
entirely analog content. The basic technology behind
laserdiscs was invented all the way back in 1958.
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THE FLOPPY DISC
The diskette, or floppy disk (named so
because they were flexible), was invented by
IBM and in common use from the mid-1970s to the late 1990s. The first floppy
disks were 8 inches, and later in came 5.25
and 3.5-inch formats. The first floppy disk,
introduced in 1971, had a capacity of 79.7
kB, and was read-only. A read-writeversion came a year later.
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MAGNETIC TAPE
Magnetic tape was first used for data
storage in 1951. The tape device was
called UNISERVO and was the main
I/O device on the UNIVAC I
computer. The effective transfer rate for
the UNISERVO was about 7,200
characters per second. The tapes were
metal and 1200 feet long (365 meters)
and therefore very heavy.
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COMPACT DISK
Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an
optical disc used to store digital data. It
was originally developed to store sound
recordings exclusively, but later it also
allowed the preservation of other types of
data. Audio CDs have been commercially
available since October 1982. In 2010,
they remain the standard physical storage
medium for audio.
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FLOPPY DISK
A floppy disk is a data storage
medium that is composed of a disk of
thin, flexible ("floppy") magnetic
storage medium encased in a square or
rectangular plastic shell
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DVD
DVD, also known as Digital Video Disc
or Digital Versatile Disc, is an optical disc
storage media format, and was invented and
developed by Philips, Sony, TOSHIBA,
and TimeWarner in 1995. Its main uses
are video and data storage. DVDs are of
the same dimensions as compact discs
(CDs), but store more than six times as
much data.
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FLASHMEMORY
Flash memory is a non-volatile computer
storage technology that can be electrically
erased and reprogrammed. It is primarily
used in memory cards and USB flash
drives for general storage and transfer of
data between computers and other digital
products.
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