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The ACSE Flight Simulator David Allerton Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering 24 th April 2006
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The ACSE Flight Simulator

Feb 01, 2016

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The ACSE Flight Simulator. David Allerton Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering 24 th April 2006. Overview. Design objectives Organisation Capability Dynamics and control Applications Questions Demonstration. ACSE Flight Simulator. ACSE Flight Simulator. Aims. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: The ACSE Flight Simulator

The ACSE Flight Simulator

David Allerton

Department of Automatic Control

and Systems Engineering

24th April 2006

Page 2: The ACSE Flight Simulator

2

Overview

• Design objectives

• Organisation

• Capability

• Dynamics and control

• Applications

• Questions

• Demonstration

Page 3: The ACSE Flight Simulator

3

ACSE Flight Simulator

Page 4: The ACSE Flight Simulator

4

ACSE Flight Simulator

Page 5: The ACSE Flight Simulator

5

Aims

• Engineering flight simulator

• Real-time non-linear simulation

• Modular architecture

• Low cost

• Applications: control system design, avionics, displays and modelling

• Accessible to students (iron bird rig)

Page 6: The ACSE Flight Simulator

6

Architecture

• Distributed array of PCs

• Ethernet

• 50 Hz update rate

• Computer graphics

• Off-the-shelf hardware

• Custom software (20,000+ lines of code)

Page 7: The ACSE Flight Simulator

7

Architecture

Page 8: The ACSE Flight Simulator

8

Modular Architecture

PktRead Flight

C o ntro lS ystem

PktRead

D isplayFlight S im ulato r

Flight S im ulato r PktW rite

PktRead

ParameterIdentif ic ationFlight S im ulato r

Page 9: The ACSE Flight Simulator

9

Ethernet Packets

Flight Model Navigation System Visual System

Engine Model Instructor Station

1

2

3 5

4

Ethernet

Page 10: The ACSE Flight Simulator

10

I/O Interface

Page 11: The ACSE Flight Simulator

11

Flight Computer

• Equations of motion

• Aerodynamic model

• Engine model

• Primary flight display (PFD)

Page 12: The ACSE Flight Simulator

12

Boeing 747-400 PFD

Page 13: The ACSE Flight Simulator

13

Navigation Computer

• Navigation sensor models

• Navigation equations

• Navigation database of beacons and runways

• Navigation flight display (NFD)

• Soft panels - trackerball pilot input

Page 14: The ACSE Flight Simulator

14

Boeing 747-400 NFD with Airbus FCU

Page 15: The ACSE Flight Simulator

15

Instructor Station

• Windows-like interface

• Monitoring

• Session management

• Flight data recording

Page 16: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Instructor Station

Page 17: The ACSE Flight Simulator

17

Instructor Station

Page 18: The ACSE Flight Simulator

18

Instructor Station

Page 19: The ACSE Flight Simulator

19

Visual System

• 3 image generators - PC with nVidia card

• SGI Performer - real-time rendering

• 1024x768 resolution per channel, 50 Hz update rate

• Fully textured anti-aliased display

• Industry standard visual database including dynamic models

• Projection onto a spherical screen 150°x40°

Page 20: The ACSE Flight Simulator

20

Visual System

Page 21: The ACSE Flight Simulator

21

Visual System

Page 22: The ACSE Flight Simulator

22

Visual System

Page 23: The ACSE Flight Simulator

23

Visual System

Page 24: The ACSE Flight Simulator

24

Mechanisation of the Equations of Motion

compute aerodynamic coefficients

compute aerodynamic

compute aerodynamic

convert axes stability to body

forces

moments convert axes

stability to body

compute linear accelerations

compute angular accelerations

compute

compute Euler compute DCM

convert axes body to Euler

convert axes body to stability

atmospheric model

P',Q',R'

P,Q,R

Ps,Qs,Rs

L,M,N

engine forces

, M P,Q,R

e0,e1, e2,e3

inceptors

,M Xp,Zp

Lp,Mp,Np

Xs,Ys,Zs Xb,Yb,Zb U',V',W'

U,V,W

Ps,Qs,Rs

Vc

inceptors

' '

and moments

U,V,W

Vx,Vy,Vz Pn,Pe,h

Ls,Ms,Ns

,M

Vc, Vc,

parameters

Page 25: The ACSE Flight Simulator

25

Model Validation – Boeing 747 Short Period

Page 26: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Model Validation – Boeing 747 Phugoid

Page 27: The ACSE Flight Simulator

27

Model Validation – Boeing 747 Dutch Roll

Page 28: The ACSE Flight Simulator

28

Altitude Flight Control Law

Flight Model Navigation System Visual System

Engine Model Instructor Station

1

2

3 5

4

Ethernet

Flight Control System

6

hd,h,,,qe

Page 29: The ACSE Flight Simulator

29

Octave Altitude Control Law

% Open the socket for reading/writing pktsopenskt;sendskt;while(1) % Loop forever % Get a pkt from the simulator getskt; % Access the simulation variables U = getU; H = getAltitude; Pitch = getPitch; Alpha = getAlpha q = getQ; % Your altitude hold code goes here... % Put the control inputs into the packet setElevator ( de ); % Send the new pkt to the simulator sendskt; % Check for shutdown testskt;endwhile;

Page 30: The ACSE Flight Simulator

30

EPSRC Research Grants

• Real-time wake vortex modelling, in

collaboration with Prof Qin’s CFD group in

Mechanical Engineering

• Synthetic vision – radar imaging, in collaboration

with the University of Essex and BAES

(Rochester)

Page 31: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Wake Vortex Modelling

Page 32: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Wake Vortex Modelling

• CFD methods to generate vortex flows

representative of large transport aircraft

• 4-5 days computation on the Bluegrid cluster

(15 dual processors) to produce 3 minutes of

vortex data (30 Gbytes)

• Unstructured grids of spatial and time varying

flow field data

Page 33: The ACSE Flight Simulator

33

Real-time Wake Vortices

• Compress and organise very large vortex fields

• Extract vortex flow components from spatial data

• Compute interaction between a vortex and an

aircraft

• Develop flight control laws to increase safety in

the presence of vortices

Page 34: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Wake Vortex Visualisation

Page 35: The ACSE Flight Simulator

35

Synthetic Vision

• BAES radar penetrates cloud and rain (92 GHz)

• Cluttered radar image displayed on a HUD

• Real-time radar model developed

• Real-time imaging detection algorithms to

locate the runway in a cluttered image

• Failure detection algorithms

Page 36: The ACSE Flight Simulator

36

Synthetic Vision

Page 37: The ACSE Flight Simulator

37

Applications

• Air traffic management (ATM) – conflict

detection, conflict resolution, datalink modelling,

situation awareness

• Sensor modelling – GPS, INS, radar, IR,

Doppler

• Displays – Head-Up Display guidance

• Terrain-following and Mission Management

Page 38: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Applications

• Novel actuation – electrical actuation systems,

flow control (e.g. MEMs actuation), load

alleviation

• Novel configurations – vectored thrust, rotary

wing, UAVs, active reverse thrust

• Novel sensors – terrain reference navigation,

sensor fusion, FDI

Page 39: The ACSE Flight Simulator

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Applications

• Modern control system design – certification, real-time code generation, health and usage monitoring

• Environmental models – air traffic, winds, turbulence

• Image detection – targets, obstacles, feature extraction

• Human factors – pilot models, pilot work load