Technology In Action Chapter 1 CS1020 Introduction to Computers Why Computers Matter to You: Becoming Computer Literate.

Technology In Action Chapter 1

CS1020 Introduction to Computers

Why Computers Matter to You:

Becoming Computer Literate


2

Technology

• Computer fluency

• Computers and careers

• Future technologies

• Societal challenges and computers

• Computer functions

• Data vs. information

• Computer hardware and software

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3

What is Computer Fluency?

• To be computer fluent you must:– Understand a computer’s capabilities and

limitations– Know how to use a computer

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4

Being a Savvy Computer User and Consumer

• Avoid hackers and viruses• Protect your privacy• Use the Internet wisely• Maintain your computer• Make good purchase decisions• Keep abreast of changes in technology

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5

Why Become Computer Literate?

• Benefits of learning about computers include:– Being a knowledgeable consumer– Using current and future technology– Increasing your career options– Understanding ethical and legal

implications


6

Preparing for Your Career

• Computer careers in:– Business– The Arts– The Medical Field– Law Enforcement– Legal Fields– Education– The Sciences– Gaming– Homes

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7

Computers in Business, Retail, and Delivery

• Data mining

• Package tracking• Forecasting models


8

Computers in the Arts

• Create Web sites

• Digitize dance movements

• Produce computer-generated art


9

Computers in the Medical Field

• Patient simulator• Da Vinci Surgical System

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10

Computers in Law Enforcement

• Computer forensics

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Computers in the Legal Fields

• Surveillance cameras

• Forensic animation

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Computers in Education

• Computer technology in the classroom

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13

Computers and the Sciences

• Supercomputers

• Archaeology– Mummy of Nesperennub

Skull of Nesperennub scanned in its painted case

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14

Computer Gaming Careers

• Programming

• 3D animation

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15

Computers at Home

• Robotics

• Smart appliances

Robomower

Internet-connected refrigerator

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16

Technology of Tomorrow

• Nanoscience

• Biomedical Chip Implants

• Artificial Intelligence

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Nanoscience

• Molecules and nanostructures

• Nanomachines

Four-α-helix protein scaffold

5.4nm

Fluid flow inside Nanomachines

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Biomedical Chip Implants

• Technological solutions to physical problems

• Identity chips

Retinal Implants

VeriChip

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19

Artificial Intelligence

• Robots

• Neurons vs Microchips

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20

Challenges Facing a Digital Society

• Privacy risks

• Personal data collection

• Spam

• Software piracy

• Copyright infringement

• Computer use ethics

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21

Becoming Computer Fluent

• Data processing

• Bits and bytes

• Computer hardware

• Computer software

• Computer platforms

• Specialty computers

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Computers are Data Processing Devices

• Four major functions:– Input data– Process data– Output information– Store data and information DATA IN

INFORMATION OUT

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23

Bits and Bytes: The Language of Computers• Bit

– Binary digit– 0 or 1

• Byte– Eight bits– Represent letters,

numbers, and special characters

OFF

0ON

1Microchip Switch

10 0 001 1

= 40

0 0 0 0 01 1

= A0

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How Much is a Byte?NAME ABBREVIATION NUMBER OF

BYTESRELATIVE SIZE

Byte B 1 byte Can hold one character of data.

Kilobyte KB 1,024 bytes Can hold 1,024 characters or about half of a typewritten page double-spaced.

Megabyte MB 1,048,576 bytes A floppy disk holds approximately 1.4 MB of data, or approximately 768 pages of typed text.

Gigabyte GB 1,073,741,824 bytes

Approximately 786,432 pages of text. Since 500 sheets of paper is approximately 2 inches, this represents a stack of paper 262 feet high.

Terabyte TB 1,099,511,627,776 bytes

This represents a stack of typewritten pages almost 51 miles high.

Petabyte PB 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes

The stack of pages is now 52,000 miles high, or about one-fourth the distance from the Earth to the moon.


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Computer Hardware

• Input devices

• System unit

• Output devices

• Storage devices

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Th

e rain in

Sp

ain

Input Devices

• Enter data to be processed– Text– Images– Sound

A BCD

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System Unit

• Processes data into usable information

System Unit

CPU

MotherboardMemory Module

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Output Devices

• Enable us to see or hear the processed information

Monitor

Speaker

PrinterNEXT SLIDE


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Storage Devices

• Enable us to store data or information to be accessed again

Hard Disk Drive CD / DVD DriveFloppy Disk Drive

Flash DriveNEXT SLIDE


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Computer Software

• Programs that enable the computer to perform different tasks– System software– Application software

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Computer Platforms: PCs and Macs

PC• CPU – Intel, AMD• Operating system –

Microsoft Windows

Mac• CPU – Motorola• Operating system –

Apple Mac OS

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Specialty Computers

• PDA

• Server

• Mainframe

• Supercomputer

Server

Mainframe

Supercomputer

PDA

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Technology In Action Chapter 1 CS1020 Introduction to Computers Why Computers Matter to You: Becoming Computer Literate.

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