Taking Action in Italian Using Regular ARE Verbs
Jan 02, 2016
Taking Action in Italian
Using Regular ARE Verbs
What are Infinitives?
In English, infinitives are the wordsTo + a verb, such as:
to play
to read
to study
What is conjugation?
Conjugation is the act of changing an infinitive to a verb used with a subject.
For example:
To speak We speak
Parlare Noi parliamo
Conjugating Italian Verbs
Step 1:
Find the stem of the verb, using the following formula:
Infinitive – ARE = Stem
Parlare – ARE = Parl
Conjugating Italian Verbs
Step 2:
Bring down the stem to each pronoun.
io parl noi parl
tu parl voi parl
lui, lei, Lei parl loro, Loro parl
Conjugating Italian Verbs
Step 3:
Add the correct endings to the stems
io parlo noi parliamo
tu parli voi parlate
lui, lei, Lei parla loro, Loro parlano
Important points to remember
• Do NOT translate the word do in Italian verbs it’s already understood:
tu parli- you speak, you do speak,
you are speaking
• When making sentences negative, put the word non directly in front of the verb:
tu non parli- you don’t speak, you are not speaking
Important Points to Remember
• When writing questions, the verb comes before the subject:
Parli tu l’italiano?
Do you speak Italian?
Un po’ di prattica!
Translate the following in your notes!
We study French.
I travel a lot.
He explains the lesson.
They speak German.
-ERE Verbs
Examples of –ERE InfinitivesPerdere – to loseVivere – to livePrendere – to takeVedere- to seeConoscere – to knowRicevere – to receiveRispondere – to respond
Step 1: Find the STEM Remove the –ERE from the
INFINITIVE to isolate the STEMExamples: leggere legg prendere prend scrivere scriv
Step 2: Add a new ending Add a new ending to
the STEM, depending on WHO is doing the action:
Singular Plural
(I) Io -o (we) noi -iamo
(you - informal) tu -i
(you all - informal) voi -ete
(he/she) lui/lei -e
(they) loro -ono
(you-informal) Lei -e
(You all- formal) -ono
LEGGERE – To read
1. What is the STEM?LEGG
2. What are the different forms of LEGGERE?
Io leggo noi leggiamo
tu leggi voi leggete lui/lei/Lei legge
loro/Loro leggono
-IRE Verbs
Verbi -ire
• What are the –ire endings?-o -iamo
-i -ite
-e -ono What do you notice about –ire and –ere
Paragoniamo (Let’s compare!)
• Vediamo (Let’s see): -ere vs. –
ire -o -iamo -o
–iamo
-i -ete -i –ite
-e -ono -e -ono
Sono simili! (They’re similar!)• -ere and –ire endings are almost all the same EXCEPT in the “voi” form.
–ere verbs have –ete
–ire verbs have –ite
Not so fast!
Some –ire verbs add an –isc before the ending we are used to adding on.
For example : pulisco, pulisce, finisco, finisci, capisci, preferiscono…
-isc with -ire
• These are sometimes called “boot verbs” because the –isc is added into all the forms except “noi” and “voi”.
Esempio: capire – to understand
Capisco Capiamo
Capisci Capite
Capisce Capiscono
5 letter test
• Look at the –ire verb in its infinitive form. Let’s take “pulire” – “to clean”.
Start at the END of the word, on the “e”. Count back 5 letters. Do we land on a vowel?
1:e , 2:r, 3:i, 4:l, 5:u
YES!
5 letter test
• Since we landed on a vowel, we know to add in “isc” for all our forms EXCEPT noi and voi.
Pulisco Puliamo
Pulisci Pulite
Pulisce Puliscono
We still have to add our normal endings, too!