Surrealism final

• 1. Surrealism I believe in the future resolution of these two states, dream and reality, a surreality, if one may so speak. Andre breton- First Surrealist Manifesto.

2. What is Surrealism?

• The word surrealism comes from the French word super realism.The Surrealists wanted to create art that included their unconscious thoughts and dreams. Instead of thinking too much about what they are painting, they preferred to set their imaginations free.

3. Giorgio di ChiricoThe Childs Brain 1914 4. Surrealist Manifesto

• The Surrealism movement began in 1924 with Andre Bretons Surrealist Manifesto.

• Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express -- verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner -- the actual functioning of thought. Dictated by the thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern. Andre Breton

5. Historical Context

• The Surrealism movement was influenced by the ideas of Freud.

• It grew out of the Dadaism movement in many respects.

• Many artists were influenced by major events such as World War I and the Great Depression.

6. Characteristics

• General Characteristics include:

• the element of surprise

• free association

• uncensored thought

• dream-like subject matter

• spontaneous techniques

• • Examples: automatic drawing, frottage, and decalcomania.

• • However, Surrealism was a very individualistic movement and each artist added their own style and meaning.

7. Automatic Surrealism

• In the beginning of the Surrealism movement, one technique of Surrealism, Automatic Surrealism, was prominent.

• It was used as a means to illustrate the subconscious.In this art, the hand can move freely and randomly across the canvas.

• Max Ernst coined the term frottage, which is also used in this automatic style of Surrealism.

8. Automatic Drawing

• AndreAutomatic Drawing1924

• Automatic drawing- moving a pencil or brush randomly across the canvas.

9. Frottage

• Isaac Bingham

• Palm Tree Frottage

• Frottage- A pencil rubbing made by putting paper over a textured surface.

10. Decalcomania

• Oscar Dominguez

• Untitled

• Decalcomania- pressing textured material or objects into a wet, painted canvas.

11. Andre MessonMeditation on an Oak Leaf 12. Andre MassonBattle of the Fishes1927 13. Joan Miro,Carnival of Harlequin , 1924 14. Joan MiroThe Hunter (Catalan Landscape)1923-1924 15.

• Max ErnstAfter The Rain

16. Max ErnstGray Forest1927 17. Illustionistic Dream Imagery

• The automatism used by Masson and Miro, and Ernsts frottage technique dominated the first year of the Surrealism movement.However, artists like Rene Magritte, Yves Tanguy, and Salvador Dali emerged with a new style in Surrealism.Quite different from previous artists, these artists focused on hallucinatory and fantastic subject matter in meticulously and realistically portrayed images.

18. Salvador DaliThe Persistence of Memory 19. Salvador DaliTemptation of Anthony 20. Salvador DaliSleep1937 21. Salvador Dali Autumnal Cannibalism 1936 22. Rene MagritteThe Lovers1928 23. Rene MagritteLe Faux Mirior1928 24. Rene Magritte The Son of Man 1964 25. Rene MagritteThe Treachery of Images1929 26. Yves TanguyMama, Papa is Wounded!1927 27. Yves Tanguy Indefinite Divisibility 1942 28. Yves Tanguy Extinction of Useless Lights 1927 29. Feminist Criticisms of Surrealism Feminists claim that the Surrealist movement was fundamentally a male movement despite the occasional few celebrated female Surrealist painters and poets.They believe that it adopts typical male attitudes towards women. For example, many artists portrayed women in a stereotypical way, following sexist norms. A pioneer of the feminist critique of surrealism was Xaviere Gauthier.Her book,Surrealisme et Sexualiteinspired the importance of scholarship related to marginalization of women in relation to the avant-garde.The criticisms were of women having much more subordinate roles in comparison with the men. 30. Freudian CriticismFreud initiated the psychoanalytic critique of Surrealism that stated that he wasmore interested in the Surrealist conscious rather than the unconscious. In thisview the Surrealists may have created great works but they were products of the conscious, not the unconscious mind. The unconscious cannot express itselfautomatically, but can only be uncovered through the analysis of resistance and transference in the psychoanalytic process. 31. Surrealist Filmhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVbTEVfLksU 32. THIS IS NOT MR. READ!! Applications of Surrealist Techniques