SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORTOnTHE TOURISM IN INDIAUNDERAKEN
ATTRAVEL MATE INDIA
SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENT FOR THE
AWARD OF 2 YEAR DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION(MBA) MAHARSHI DAYANAND
UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK
PERIOD OF TRAINING: 15th June 2012 31st July 2012Under the
Guidance of:
External Guide Internal Guide:
Mr. Rajesh Mourya Mrs. Aditi SharmaManager Operations Assistant
Professor Submitted by: Name: Nikunj Kamal Enroll. No: Batch:
2011-2013 DELHI GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT,
JASANAFARIDABAD(2011-2013) SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORTOn
THE TOURISM IN INDIA
UNDERAKEN AT
TRAVEL MATE INDIA
SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENT FOR THE
AWARD OF 2 YEAR DEGREE OFMASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION(MBA)
MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: Name: Mrs.
Aditi Sharma Name:Mr. Rajesh Mourya Designation: Assistant
Professor Designation: Manager operations
Submitted By:Nikunj KamalMBA (IPU) 3rdsem
DELHI GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT,
JASANAFARIDABAD(2011-2013)
DELHI GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENTJASANA, FARIDABAD
To Whom It May Concern
I, Nikunj Kamal Enrolment No. 01299903911 from MBA-III Semester
of the Delhi Global institute of Management, Jasana, Faridabad
hereby declare that the Summer Training Report entitled The Tourism
in India at Travel mate India is an original work and the same has
not been submitted to any other Institute for the award of any
other degree. The suggestions as approved by the faculty were duly
incorporated.
Date: Signature of the Student
Certified that the Summer Training Report submitted in partial
fulfillment of Master of Business Administration (MBA) to be
awarded by MDU University, Rohtak by NIKUNJ KAMAL, and Enrolment
No. has been completed under my guidance and is Satisfactory.
Date: Signature of the Guide: Name of the Guide: Mrs. Aditi
Sharma. Designation: Assistant Professor
(i)(ii)Summer Training Appraisal FormStudents Name: Nikunj
KamalProgram: MBAYou are requested to provide your opinion on the
following parameters.Outstanding Good Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
A B C D
1. Technical knowledge gathered about the industry and the job
he/she was involved. B2. Ability to take initiative C3. Ability to
develop a healthy long term relationship with client B4. Ability to
relate theoretical learning to the practical training B5.
Creativity and ability to innovate with respect to work methods
& procedures A 6. Communication Skills: Oral / Written /
Listening skills B7. Ability to work in a team B8. Ability to grasp
new ideas and knowledge B9. Presentations skills B10. Documentation
skills B11. Sense of Responsibility B12. Acceptability (patience,
pleasing manners, the ability to instill trust, etc.) B13. His/her
ability and willingness to put in hard work B14. Punctuality B15.
Any other comments: Assessors overall rating- B
Name of the Guide: Mr. Rajesh MouryaDesignation: Manager
OperationE-mail:[email protected] (iii)ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I owe a great many thanks to a great many people who helped and
supported me during the making of this project report. However, I
wish to make special mention of the following.
First, my deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Rajesh Mourya (Manager
Operation), Travel mate India Company where the project is
undertaken with support and guidance. I would like to extend my
thanks and appreciation to the helpful Staff of the Travel Mate
India.I would thank to my Head of the collage Mr.Nasir Ali,
Director of Delhi Global Institute of Management, Jasana Faridabad
for extending his support.
I am thankful of project guide Mrs.Aditi Sharma under whose
guidance I am able to complete my project. I am whole heartedly
thankful to him for giving me his valuable time & attention for
providing me a systematic way for completing my project in
time.
Last not the least, I extend my heartfelt thanks to my
Family.
Thanking you,Nikunj Kamal
(iv)Executive Summary
Tourism is the act of travel for the purpose of recreation and
business, and the provision of services for this act. Tourists are
people who are "traveling to and staying in places outside their
usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for
leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of
an activity remunerated from within the place visited" (official
UNWTO definition). The distance between these two places is of no
significance.A more comprehensive definition would be that tourism
is a service industry, comprising a number of tangible and
intangible components. The tangible elements include transport
systems - air, rail, road, water and now, space; hospitality
services - accommodation, foods and beverages, tours, souvenirs;
and related services such as banking, insurance and safety and
security. The intangible elements include: rest and relaxation,
culture, escape, adventure, new and different experiences.Many
countries depend heavily upon travel expenditures by foreigners as
a source of taxation and as a source of income for the enterprises
that sell (export) services to these travelers. Consequently the
development of tourism is often a strategy employed either by a
Non-governmental organization (NGO) or a governmental agency to
promote a particular region for the purpose of increasing commerce
through exporting goods and services to non-locals.Sometimes
Tourism and Travel are used interchangeably. In this context travel
has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful
journey.In 2011, there were over 983 million international tourist
arrivals worldwide, representing a growth of 4.6% when compared to
940 million in 2010. International tourism receipts (the travel
item of the balance of payments) grew to US$1.03 trillion (740
billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of
3.8% from 2010. In 2011, international travel demand continued to
recover from the losses resulting from the late-2000s recession,
where tourism suffered a strong slowdown from the second half of
2008 through the end of 2009.
(v)After a 5% increase in the first half of 2008, growth in
international tourist arrivals moved into negative territory in the
second half of 2008, and ended up only 2% for the year, compared to
a 7% increase in 2007.The negative trend intensified during 2009,
exacerbated in some countries due to the outbreak of the H1N1
influenza virus, resulting in a worldwide decline of 4.2% in 2009
to 880 million international tourists arrivals, and a 5.7% decline
in international tourism receipts.Tourism is important, and in some
cases, vital for many countries. It was recognized in the Manila
Declaration on World Tourism of 1980 as "an activity essential to
the life of nations because of its direct effects on the social,
cultural, educational and economic sectors of national societies
and on their international relations."Tourism brings in large
amounts of income in payment for goods and services available,
accounting for 30% of the world's exports of services, and 6% of
overall exports of goods and services. It also creates
opportunities for employment in the service sector of the economy,
associated with tourism. These service industries include
transportation services, such as airlines, cruise ships and
taxicabs; hospitality services, such as accommodations, including
hotels and resorts; and entertainment venues, such as amusement
parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues and theatres.
INDIA AS A POTENTIAL TOURIST DESTINATION
Indias bounteous heritage includes not just breathtakingly
beautiful architecture, rich traditions and diverse cultures but
also mesmerizing and scenic landscapes. From the Challenging
snow-clad peaks of the Himalayas and the cool hill stations of the
north, to the alluring beaches on the western and eastern coasts
and the ornate temples of the south, India has the variety to
satiate the interests of all those travelling through the
country.In fact so popular is the country as a global tourist hot
spot that the Conde Nast Traveler, one of the ace travel magazines,
profiled India as the most preferred tourist destination in recent
times. It is true then, that tourism is an important and
flourishing industry in the country.(vi)It accounts for one-third
of the foreign exchange earnings of India and also gainfully
employs the easily the highest number of people compared to other
sectors. According to the World Tourism Organization, by the year
2020, it is expected that India will become the leader in the
tourism industry in South Asia, with about 8.9 million arrivals.Of
late the Indian tourism economy has been deemed as the second-most
rapidly increasing(8.8 %) tourism economy in the world, by World
Travel and Tourism.The reason why India has been doing well in all
types of tourism in IndiaIndia has always been known for its
hospitality, uniqueness, and charm attributes thathave been
attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes. Indian history can
be roughly divided into the 6 periods of Ancient India Heritage
Tourism, Ecotourism, Adventure Tourism, Wildlife Tourism,
Pilgrimage Tourism & Medical tourismIn India we have many
policies, the very famous policy of the 7-S MantraThe policy is
built around the 7-S Mantra Swaagat (welcome), Soochanaa
(information), Suvidhaa (facilitation), Surakshaa (security),
Sahyog (cooperation), Sanrachnaa (infrastructure) Safaai
(cleanliness).
Main summery in this project is Indian tourism growing day by
day I came to know withthe help of my seniors and secondary data
that India has everything landscapes, beaches,valley, forest
mountain everything is here in India, thats why India is one of the
famoustourist place in this world.
(vii)
TABLE OF CONTENTSSerial No.TopicPage No.
1.2.3.4.
5. 6.
Certificates Summer Training Appraisal Form Acknowledgements
Executive Summary Chapter I: Introduction
Chapter II: Review of Literature
Chapter III: Research Methodology
Chapter IV: Data Reduction, Presentation & Analysis
Chapter V: Summary & Conclusions
References/ Bibliography
Appendices
- List of Tables
- List of Figures
i- ii iii iv v-vii
1 20 60 65 79
80
81
Chapter I: Introduction
Tourism we see is the origin from the Sanskrit literature.It has
given us three terms derived from the root word ATANA means Going
out.The three terms are : Trirthatana Paryatana Deshatana
ATANA(Going out)ATANA(Going out)
PARYATANA(Going out and Visiting Places forPleasure and
knowledge)DESHATANA(Going out of the country for Economic
gain)TRIRTHATANA(Going out and Visiting Places of different
Religion)
Figure 1. THREE TERMS DERIVED FROM ATANA TRIRTHATANA: Going out
for the religious tripFor example: char dham(Gangotri, Yamunotri,
Kedarnath andBadrinath), amaranth yatra in India etc.
Gangotri Yamunotri Kedarnath
Badrinath
PARYATANA: Going out and Visiting Places for Pleasure and
knowledgeFor example: Ajanta and Ellora, Elephanta caves in
Maharashtra, India. Kailasha temple (cave16), one of the Ajanta
caves Hindu temples of theEllora Caves. Deshatana: Going out of the
country for economic and intellectual gain. For example: For job,
studies etc. In simple words Tourism is act of travel for the three
purposes Leisure, Pleasure and Business. According to the World
tourism m organization:Tourism comprises the activities of the
person traveling and staying in the places outside their usual
environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure,
business and other purpose.The Usual environment is intended to
exclude trip with in the place of residence, work or education and
daily shopping and other day to day activities.
REGIONAL AND LOCAL TOURISM ORGANISATIONS
NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANIZATIONSTOURISM INDUSTRY
COMPONENTS
Lodging HotelsMotelsResortsOther types ofAccommodationTravel
trade organisationTravelAgencyTour operatorsPublic/private services
organisationsHealthInsuranceBankingFinanceTraining and
developmentTourism and hotels
Recreation and entertainments
TransportationRailAirRoadSea/water
Figure 2. SIMPLE STRUCTURE OF TOURISM INDUSTRY
World tourism statistics and rankings:In 2011, there were 983
million international tourist arrivals, with a growth of 4.6% as
compared to 2010.TheWorld Tourism Organizationreports the following
ten countries as the most visited in terms of the number of
international travellers. In 2011,Turkeyovertook theUnited
Kingdomto become the sixth most visited
country.RankCountryUNWTORegionInternationaltouristarrivals(2011)Internationaltouristarrivals(2010)Change2010to
2011
1FranceEurope79.5 million77.1 million+3.0%
2United StatesNorth America62.3 million59.8 million+4.2%
3ChinaAsia57.6 million55.7 million+3.4%
4SpainEurope56.7 million52.7 million+7.6%
5ItalyEurope46.1 million43.6 million+5.7%
6TurkeyEurope29.3 million27.0 million+8.7%
7United KingdomEurope29.2 million28.3 million+3.2%
8GermanyEurope28.4 million26.9 million+5.5%
9MalaysiaAsia24.7 million24.6 million+0.6%
10MexicoNorth America23.4 million23.3 million+0.5%
International tourism receipts
International tourism receipts grew toUS$1.03trillion (740
billion) in 2011, corresponding to an increase in real terms of
3.8% from 2010.TheWorld Tourism Organizationreports the following
countries as the top ten tourism earners for the year 2011, with
theUnited Statesby far the top
earner.RankCountryUNWTORegionInternationaltourismreceipts(2011)
1United StatesNorth America$116.3 billion
2SpainEurope$59.9 billion
3FranceEurope$53.8 billion
4ChinaAsia$48.5 billion
5ItalyEurope$43.0 billion
6GermanyEurope$38.8 billion
7United KingdomEurope$35.9 billion
8AustraliaOceania$31.4 billion
9IndiaAsia$27.8 billion
10Hong Kong(China)Asia$27.2 billion
International tourism expenditure
TheWorld Tourism Organizationreports the following countries as
the top ten biggest spenders on international tourism for the year
2011.RankCountryUNWTORegionInternationaltourismexpenditure(2011)[3]
1GermanyEurope$84.3 billion
2United StatesNorth America$79.1 billion
3ChinaAsia$72.6 billion
4United KingdomEurope$50.6 billion
5FranceEurope$41.7 billion
6CanadaNorth America$33.0 billion
7RussiaEurope$32.5 billion
8ItalyEurope$28.7 billion
9JapanAsia$27.2 billion
10AustraliaOceania$26.9 billion
Most-visited cities by international tourist arrivals
Top 10 most visited cities by estimated number of international
visitors
RankCityCountryInternationalvisitors(millions)YearNotes
1ParisFrance15.62011Extrapolation, excluding outer suburbs
visitors
2LondonUnited Kingdom15.22011
3AntalyaTurkey10.52011May include same-day visitors
4New York CityUnited States10.32011Projection, may include
same-day visitors
5SingaporeSingapore9.22010Excluding Malaysian citizens arriving
by land
6Kuala LumpurMalaysia9.02011Only hotel guests
7Hong KongHong Kong(China)8.72011Excluding Mainland Chinese
visitors
8DubaiUnited Arab Emirates8.12011Only hotel and hotel apartment
guests
9IstanbulTurkey8.12011May include same-day visitors
10BangkokThailand7.22010
INDIAN TOURISM
Figure 3. TOURISM MAP
Tourism emerged as the largest global industry of the 21st
century. In the new millennium global economy will be governed by
Technology, Telecommunication and Tourism. Tourism has a potential
to create the maximum number of jobs. According to an assessment,
in India alone, 100 million additional jobs will be created by the
Tourism industry in the next 25 years. It helps to earn valuable
foreign exchange.Tourism in India is the largest service industry,
with a contribution of 6.23% to the national GDP and 8.78% of the
total employment in India. In 2010, total Foreign Tourist Arrivals
(FTA) in India were 5.78 million and India generated about 200
billion US dollars in 2008 and that is expected to increase to
US$375.5 billion by 2018 at a 9.4% annual growth rate. The majority
of foreign tourists come from USA and UK. Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are the top five states to
receive inbound tourists. Domestic tourism in the same year was 740
million. Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra
received the big share of these visitors. Ministry of Tourism is
the nodal agency to formulate national policies and programmes for
the development and promotion of tourism. In the process, the
Ministry consults and collaborates with other stakeholders in the
sector including various Central Ministries/agencies, the state
governments and union territories and the representatives of the
private sector. Concerted efforts are being made to promote new
forms of tourism such as rural, cruise, medical and eco-tourism.
The Ministry of Tourism also maintains the Incredible India
campaign.In 2011, total Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTA) in India
were 6.18 million and Foreign Exchange Earnings stood at US$ 16.691
billion (Global rank-17) up 17.6% from previous year figure of US$
14.193 billion (5.58 million FTAs in 2010). India's Foreign
Exchange earnings grew by an astonishing 14.1% (CAGR) during
2001-10 out-pacing global average 7.7%. Owing to steady decade-long
growth India's share in world Foreign exchange earnings has gone up
from 0.64% in 2002 to about 1.72% in 2011.According to World Travel
and Tourism Council, India will be a tourism hot-spot from 2009 to
2018, having the highest 10-year growth potential. The Travel &
Tourism Competitiveness Report 2007 ranked tourism in India sixth
in terms of price competitiveness and 39th in terms of safety and
security. Despite short- and medium-term setbacks, such as shortage
of hotel rooms, tourism revenues are expected to surge by 42% from
2007 to 2017. India's rich history and its cultural and
geographical diversity make its international tourism appeal large
and diverse. It presents heritage and cultural tourism along with
medical, business and sports tourism. India has one of the largest
and fastest growing medical tourism sectors.
The tourism industry comprises of the following main and
distinctive sectors:
TransportationTourism industry is heavily dependent on the
transportation industry which comprises of airlines, cruise and
ferry lines, passenger railways, coach and bus travel, car hire.
Thanks to the increase in tourist traffic, over the years, the
range of airline services has considerably, not only in terms of
frequency of flights and number of destinations, but also in terms
of different services, and differing levels of service to meet
different passenger needs. This shows the important role marketing
plays as competition and demand intensifies.Passenger rail services
have also changed, and their role in tourism is as wide as with,
for example, Euro rail tickets allowing extensive international
travel at basic(service) standard for students and budget tourists,
to the luxury of Palace on Wheels where the train voyage is the
holiday.Cruise lines are operating different services tailored to
consumers budgets, and other shipping lines involved in the tourist
industry, especially the ferry operators, are broadening and
upgrading their range of services and facilities to meet consumer
expectations, and to remain competitive.Coach and bus companies
have acted in a similar fashion and so have the car rental
companies. Accommodation
Accommodation includes hotels, ranging from the biggest
international chains recognizable worldwide such as Hilton and
Holiday Inn to small independent establishments. In order to gain
recognition in an increasingly competitive marketplace, many
smaller independent hotels have grouped together, adopting a
consortium approach. Under a central brand name, they can offer
central reservations services, for e.g. and present a recognizable
identity to consumers which enables them to compete against the
larger, more established chains. Other types of accommodations are
also well established in tourist markets, notably self-catering
apartments and club type complexes.With the innumerable dream
destinations India offers the best of the accommodation facilities
to the travelers to the land. There are plenty of hotels and
resorts in India that cater to the needs of tourists of all kinds.
The hotels and resorts in India provide high standards of quality
of accommodation, facilities and comforts to satisfy the clients at
the most reasonable rates. The variety of hotels and resorts in
India ranging from Luxury Hotels, Standard Hotels, Budget Hotels to
the Heritage Hotels In India. Then there are several Indian &
International Hotel Chains in India. The services and the
facilities are such that the hospitability of India gets revealed
always. Throughout the length and the breadth of the country that
is dotted with tourist destinations the hotels and resorts are
available to make your experience of India unique.The incomparable
and incredible land of India offers plenty of accommodation options
such that the visit to the wonderland suits all pockets. The
country where tradition and trends fuse to give you the best the
range of possible accommodations is vast. There are the exclusive
hotels and hotel chains that boast of luxurious amenities and
world-class dcor.Hotels in India have been categorized on different
parameters all of them taking into account the factors such as
service provided, infrastructure, location, heritage value, and
types of guests accommodated. Like many other countries worldwide,
these categorizations help the common travelers zero down on the
accommodation option he can afford or wanted to stay at during
his/her visit.
Tour operators
Tour operators are the firms which specialize in providing the
whole holiday package, incorporating travel and accommodation needs
for the consumer. They range from highly specialized operations
such as Indianvisit.com, who customize every kind of trip that you
can dream of, to large operators offering services at all different
levels to cater for budget, family, or singles holidays to near or
faraway destinations.Thomas Cook and Cox and king are the best
known of such operators; they also offer travel agency and
financial services to their consumers. An independent local coach
firm may also be a tour operator and many transportation companies
also offer holiday packages. Tourism Destination Operators/
Destination Management
This is new category in many senses, as it is an area of the
tourism industry which has seen a massive growth in the development
of theme parks and other types of artificial tourist destinations
in the recent years. However Disneyland and Disneyworld in America
were the forerunners of this development in tourism marketing, and
they have been well established for decades.It is due to the recent
growth, and the continuing trends, which make it area which should
be considered separately as a tourism industry. The new Euro Disney
theme park in France is an example of a tourism destination
operation. On a smaller scale, heritage parks which being developed
from Britains industrial wasteland such as Wigan Pier, which
attracted over half a million tourists in 1991, and similar
attractions now represent a significant amount of tourism
activity.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM INDUSTRY
INFLEXIBILITYThe tourism industry is highly inflexible in terms
of capacity. The number of beds in a hotel or seats on a flight is
fixed so it is not possible to meet sudden upsurges in demand
similarly restaurants tables, hotels beds and flights seats remain
empty and unused in periods of low demand.
PERISHABILITYAn unused hotel bed or empty flight seat represents
an immediate loss of that service as a means of earning profit.
Tourism product is used as a time of availability. It cannot be
preserved. Incase, the tourist cannot visit the place the
opportunity is lost. Hence, this becomes one of its important
characteristics.
FIXED LOCATIONTourism destinations are fixed locations so effort
must be taken in communicating the facility to the potential
consumer. Relatively large financial investment; every modern
tourist establishment and facility requires large investment
frequently over a long time scale.
RELATIVELY LARGE FINANCIAL INVESTMENT Every modern tourist
establishment and facility requires large investment, frequently
over a long time scale. This means that the level of risk and the
rate of return are critically important to tourism management.
PEOPLE ORIENTEDTourism Services are high contact services, as
people interact with people at virtually EVERY stage of the way.
Tourism services are very people-oriented services, and the service
people are plenty and have high contact with the consumers. The
consumer interacts with a myriad of service people starting from
when he books his ticket and throughout the course of his
holiday.
BENEFITS TO CUSTOMERS
Since the economy opened up in 1991, several foreign chains have
entered the Indian market, including Hyatt, Four Seasons, Hilton,
Regent, Radisson and Holiday Inn. The result is that the quality of
service has improved. The overseas players have brought in
efficient systems and service standards from Europe and the US.
Competition has forced Indian hotel groups to improve their
standards. The customer has benefited in many ways. The influx of
foreign players has led to major price wars in the industry. In an
attempt to woo customers, Indian hotels have reduced their tariffs
significantly. According to one hotelier, "India has become a
normal market - like others in the West or in Southeast Asia with
demand and supply determining the price".
CLASSIFICATION
Tourism may be classified into the following types:
1. INBOUND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM: It means visiting to a country
by non-resident of that country.
2. OUTBOUND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM: It means visiting by the
residents of a country to another country.
3. INTERNAL TOURISM: It means visiting by residents of a country
to their own country.
4. DOMESTIC TOURISM: It consists of inbound international
tourism plus internal tourism.
5. NATIONAL TOURISM: It consists of internal tourists plus
outbound international tourism.
1.2 Objective of the study1. To highlight the potential of the
Indian Tourism Industry.2. Learned about the destinations of the
India.3. To know the present scenario of the tourism industry.4.
The future prospective of Indian tourism.
1.3 Company profile
About our Company:Travel agent in Delhi is not just a name, but
it is a commitment. We are a reputed and professionally managed
company which has been in the business of Tour and Travel since
2000, based in New Delhi, India.
TRAVELMATE INDIAis one stop travel house, exploring the world
can be one of the most rewarding experiences in life. However,
planning a trip can be extremely frustrating especially when one
doesnt know where to start. We understand travel needs of all and
deliver the best through meticulous planning.
Traveling withTRAVELMATEis all about escaping the ordinary to
truly appreciate the extraordinary. It's about bringing people
together or taking them away, about discovering the world or
getting lost in it.
TRAVELMATEbrings together a highly trained team of individuals
with over two decades of experience in the travel industry. A team
which has the confidence and the expertise to handle the most
complex and challenging tasks they are faced with.Travel Mate is a
travel agency of repute established in the year 1990, with a
professional outlook in the competitive world of today.
We have numerous certificates of accreditation awarded by all
the major airline carriers such as Swissair, British Airways,
Cathay Pacific and Air India. We are recognized by the Department
of Tourism,Government of India and are members of:
-International Air Transport Association (IATA)-Pacific Asia
Travel Association (PATA)-American Society of Travel Agents
(ASTA)-Indian Association of Tour Operators (IATO)-Travel Agents
Association of India (TAAI)
Our Services Include:1.Domestic and International Air Travel:We
operate Group Tours in all our divisions i.e. Outbound, Inbound and
Domestic. Each tour is different in the number of days and
destinations. All the tours are pre-planned i.e. the dates of
departures and arrivals are fixed in advance for all the
tours.Inbound Group Tours are operated by us ,we organize for
accommodation, air travel, coach, car, guides and excursions for
foreign tourists travelling in groups from the size of 15 to 45
persons on a pre-booked itinerary.We cater to these varied demand s
arising from our clients outside India. Some of these tours handled
by us are theme led tours like gardens of the world, natural
history, art treasures, etc.Under FITs we provide customized
holidays which have flexibility and are designed to suit the
customer needs unlike group tours which are standard in nature. We
believe this product though complex has good demand and requires
better planning and execution to meet individual needs. We have
experience in handling complex requests associated with FITs and
have a unique internet program that allows and facilitates complex
itinerary planning and booking capability. 2.Incentive Travel
Conferences & Seminars(MICE-Meeting,Incentives,Confrenses &
exhibition):Leisure travel is increasingly being used as an
incentive tool by many organizations to convey appreciation for
recognizing achievers. It has dual benefits, one by providing a
holiday that enables an executive to unwind and recharge and the
other serving as a reward for excellence that inspires the team.
Our incentive division works closely with the client to tailor-make
a program best suited to his needs and budgets. The incentive
division amongst other services assists in selection of a
destination, providing a choice of airlines using the most
economical route and complete logistic support on ground. Such
programs are organized within India for foreign clients or domestic
clients or overseas for a domestic client.We cater to all aspects
of conference organizing, business meetings, event management,
seminars, exhibitions, product launches and incentives. Every event
is designed to meet specific requirements right from the pre-event
preparations, during the event itself and through to post-event
settlements. Our expertise in this segment with extensive planning
and considerable research ensures our customers have the most
comprehensive travel experience.
3. Corporate / Business TravelThe Corporate or Business Travel
has witnessed a change from the traditional travel agency mode to
total travel management mode. In this mode the objective is to
minimize the total travel budget for the corporate while
maintaining the service standards. The need has arisen from the
increasing complexities, quality and time effectiveness of business
travels of current times. The Corporate Travel market is a highly
competitive market with presence of both domestic and international
travel companies. We have systems and processes in place to make
urgent and quick bookings for domestic and international flights,
hotels, visas, foreign exchange, travel insurance, car rentals,
etc. We also provide various services related to conference
organizing, meetings, exhibitions, trade fairs for corporate
travellers. This is mainly a fee-based business and involves low
marketing cost. It provides scale to the operations and hence the
buying power and a sense of predictability to the business. 4.
Passport & Visa Facilitation:Visa services are provided in the
categories of Tourist visa, Transit visa, Business visa, Student
visa, Conference visa and Entry and Employment visa. Passport
services include issuance and cancellation of passport, editions in
details, extension of validity, etc. We are involved in all visa
and passport related processes from lodgment of application to
delivery of the passport. All administrative, logistical and
technical tasks related to the processing function, except the
decision making, are undertaken by us.Thus, allowing diplomatic
missions to focus towards the core task of judging an applicants
eligibility as granting of visa remains the prerogative of the
diplomatic mission, we support them for all the rest of the
activities.5.Car Rentals6.Money Exchange Our Clients: We look after
the travel arrangement of Govt. Departments, Public Sector Units,
Multinationals Companies, National Corporate, &
ForeiChapter-II: Review of Literature
Positive Starts To 2012 For Tourist Arrivals Data released by
the Indian Ministry of Tourism in April 2012 showed that tourist
arrivals grew strongly in the first quarter of 2012, building on
positive growth registered in 2011. Between January and March,
visitor arrivals grew by 9.5% year-on-year (y-o-y) to 1.9mn. Growth
was particularly strong in March, when arrivals grew by 13.2%
y-o-y. Foreign exchange earnings grew by an impressive 42% y-o-y in
rupee terms in March, as compared to 6.8% growth over the quarter
as a whole.
Such high levels of growth bode well for performance throughout
the rest of the year and are particularly positive in the context
of mounting global economic uncertainty. With India having
therefore performed well during its traditional high season in the
early months of the year, we maintain our forecast for tourist
arrivals of 6.8mn in 2012, building on 2011s positive
performance.
India Expands Visa On Arrival System Local media reports in
early 2012 suggest that the Indian government is considering
extending the Visa On Arrival (VOA) system to more countries, in
order to bolster the tourism industry. The VOA system was first
introduced in January 2010 and then applied only to Finland, Japan,
Luxembourg, New Zealand and Singapore. In January 2011 it was
extended to Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and the
Philippines. Now, it may be extended to countries such as Thailand,
Spain, Germany, Brunei, Malaysia, Brazil, South Africa, Russia,
France and Sweden. The current visa application system can be
unwieldy and time-consuming, so the Indian government may be
seeking to attract more tourists by streamlining
procedures.Ministry Of Tourism Launches 2012-2017 Development Plan
In early 2012, Indian President Pratibha Patel launched the
countrys 12th five-year tourism development plan, focusing on the
2012-2017 period. During this timeframe, India is targeting average
annual tourist arrivals growth of 12%, aiming to create an extra
5mn jobs. A large part of this plan focused on upgrading Indias
transport infrastructure. In particular, the government assesses
that 30 airports will need to be built or upgraded during the next
five years. Between 2012 and 2017, the government has set an
investmenttarget of US$13.1bn, with approximately 60% to be sourced
from the private sector. Since Q108, we have described numerically
the banking business environment for each of the countries surveyed
by BMI. We do this through our Commercial Banking Business
Environment Rating (CBBER), a measure that ensures we capture the
latest quantitative information available. It also ensures
consistency across all countries and between the inputs to the
CBBER and the Insurance Business Environment Rating, which is
likewise now a feature of our insurance reports. Like the Business
Environment Ratings calculated by BMI for all the other industries
on which it reports, the CBBER takes into account the limits of
potential returns and the risks to the realisation of those
returns. It is weighted 70% to the former and 30% to the
latter.
The evaluation of the Limits of potential returns includes
market elements that are specific to the banking industry of the
country in question and elements that relate to that country in
general. Within the 70% of the CBBER that takes into account the
Limits of potential returns, the market elements have a 60%
weighting and the country elements have a 40% weighting. The
evaluation of the Risks to realisation of returns also includes
banking elements and country elements (specifically, BMIs
assessment of long-term country risk). However, within the 30% of
the CBBER that take into account the risks, these elements are
weighted 40% and 60%, respectively. Further details on how we
calculate the CBBER are provided at the end of this report.
In general, though, three aspects need to be borne in mind in
interpreting the CBBERs. The first is that the market elements of
the Limits of potential returns are by far the most heavily
weighted of the four elements. They account for 60% of 70% (or 42%)
of the overall CBBER. Second, if the market elements are
significantly higher than the country elements of the Limits of
potential returns, it usually implies that the banking sector is
(very) large and/or developed relative to the general wealth,
stability and financial infrastructure in the country. Conversely,
if the market elements are significantly lower than the country
elements, it usually means that the banking sector is small and/or
underdeveloped relative to the general wealth, stability and
financial infrastructure in the country. Third, within the Risks to
the realisation of returns category, the market elements (ie: how
regulations affect the development of the sector, how regulations
affect competition within it, and Moodys Investor Services ratings
for local currency deposits) can be markedly different from BMIs
long-term risk rating.
TYPES OF TOURS IN INDIA1. Medico Treatment (Indias Growing
Medico Tour)2. Natural Heal ink (Ayurveda, Yoga)3. Art &
Culture Tour (Taj Mahal Tour)4. Festive Tour (Diwali, Dasshera)5.
Exploration Tour (Wild Life & Heritage)6. Study Tour
(Specialized Courses)7. Beach Tour (Beach Holiday Destinations In
India)8. Excursion Tour (Mountaineering, River Rafting)9. Golden
Triangle (Cities Of Golden Triangle) 10. Indian Traditional Tour
MEDICO TOUR IN INDIA India is hoping to expand its tourist industry
to include visitors with heart conditions and cataracts. Indeed,
medical tourism, where foreigners travel abroad in search of low
cost, world-class medical treatment, is gaining popularity in
countries like India. The field has such lucrative potential that
Indian finance minister Jaswant Singh called for India to become a
global health destination. And, with prices at a fraction of those
in the US or Britain, the concept will likely have broad consumer
appeal if people can overcome their prejudices about health care in
developing countries. Though the quality of health care for the
poor in countries like India is undeniably low, private facilities
offer advanced technology and procedures on par with hospitals in
developed nations. NATURAL HEALINGAyurveda is a perfect ancient
science of life, the word AYUR literally means life and VEDA the
science or knowledge. Ayurveda briefly explains the knowledge of
the do's and don't one has to follow, which favours the well being
of each individual to lead a healthy, happy, comfortable and
advantageous life both physically, mentally & Socially.
Ayurveda also emphasises that prevention is better than
cure.According to Ayurveda every living and nonliving being in this
universe is a combination of five basic eternal elements, called
Pancha Maha Bhoothas. Human Body is also constituted by these five
eternal elements in various compositions. Hence it can be conceived
that every cell of body is possessed with all the properties of
life. The only difference of Human Body from the external World is
the expression of CHAITHANYA or consciousness of life spark or
spirit or soul. The five basic eternal elements are1. Earth2. Water
3. Fire 4. Air 5.EtherWe take you on a special Ayurveda Tour in
India, which covers the major Ayurveda Centres and Ayurveda resorts
in India. We offer the Ayurveda Tour with an aim of rejuvenating
you mentally as well as physically. Health is not everything, it is
the only thing" - this is what the Ayurveda tours in India stress
on. ART & CULTURE TOUR
India has been the motherland of art, culture and architecture
all across the globe. The historical monuments in India like the
forts, palaces, caves, temples, mosques and churches tell their own
tale. The Art and Culture Tour of India takes you to a
unforgettable odyssey of the ancient monuments in India, the Taj
Mahal in Agra in Uttar Pradesh; Ajanta Ellora caves near Aurangabad
in Maharashtra; Temples of Khajuraho and South India along with
many more structures depicting the art and culture of India.
The most famous monuments are the eighth wonder and the Taj
Mahal, Red fort, Qutab Minar, Agra fort, Fatehpur Sikri and many
more. These monuments made in the golden period when India was
ruled by the Mughals; are excellent examples of art, architecture
and culture of India. The art and culture tour in India reflects
the flexibility and the secular elements inherent in our Indian art
and culture since the bygone days. These architectural marvels of
India not only represent the deep-rooted art and culture of India
but also the mathematical skills and an exceptional aesthetic sense
possessed by the Indian artisans. FESTIVE TOUR
Fairs and Festivals complete the hue and colour in the sketch of
real India. Whether Holi, Gangaur and Pushkar Fair of Rajasthan;
Elephant Festival, Onam or Boat Carnival of Kerala, The great Goan
Carnival; Taj Mahotsav of Agra or Tansen Festival of Gwalior; as a
tourist you witness a distinct feature in every festival reflecting
the culture, customs and traditions that belong to that region of
India. Every year millions of travellers visit India with a purpose
of India Festival Tour, coinciding the date of travel with the
occasion of some Indian Festival. All the festivals pay a tribute
to Indian customs, traditions, culture and climate, which form an
indispensable part of Indian soil. The renowned ones are the
Pushkar Fair, International Kite Festival, Surajkund Fair, Goa
Carnival etc. that pull the whole of the tourist traffic towards
India. The mega size and the cultural diversity inherent in these
festivals are apparent enough to leave a tourist awestruck. There
is perhaps not a single day in the Indian calendar when in some
part of the vast country a festival is not celebrated or a fair
held- some so big that almost the entire country participates, and
some so small that it is confined to a little community in a remote
village. But the spirit is the same - replete with rituals, colour,
music, feasting, pageantry, fun and frolic. And given India's vast
diversity. After the same festival is celebrated differently. In
different parts, all adding to the richness of the Indian way of
life. EXPLORATION TOUR WILDLIFE TOURS IN INDIA Explore the wild
jungles and forests of India on India Wildlife Tours. Feel the
excitement of seeing a majestic tiger prowling in a jungle, or
elephants and rhinos trampling their way through the tall grass of
a National Park in India. See amazing animals on wildlife safari
tours in India. You can see deer, monkeys, bear, squirrels and
mongoose in the forests. Tour a land of natural beauty and wonder,
with exciting India Wildlife Tours. HERITAGE TOURS IN INDIA India
is famous for its forts, palaces and mansions that exude the
cultural legacy of India. Then entire length and breadth of the
country is dotted with the tourist places telling a tale of their
own. The temples, rock cut caves and even the exhibits of the
Indian emperors boast of the royal traditions followed religiously
in ancient India. The Heritage Tours in India are an effort to
familiarise the Indians as well as the foreigners with the wealth
of Indian legacy. The Heritage Tours India by default transports
you to a bygone era where you feel like a Maharaja. Our most
privileged Heritage Tours in India fulfil your dream of attaining
the zenith of luxury and comfort anyhow. STUDY TOUR
Experience life in a rural tribal community, visit social and
economic development projects and tour places of cultural,
historical and religious significance.The two-week Unique Study
Tour to India will bring to life concepts of sustainable,
community-based development through visits to both rural and urban
community development projects and conversations with the different
people involved.
BEACH TOURS
India is a land with a long coastline measuring over 6,700 km,
is washed by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Bay of Bengal to the
east and the Indian Ocean to the south.Explore the magnificent
Indian Beaches stretching over the vast coastline of Indian
Peninsula. Travel the most exclusive Beaches of India spread across
the seashores of the states like: Goa, Kerala (Kovalam, Marari,
Varkala, Poovar), Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar. Have an
unforgettable Trip to Beaches of India at your favorite
destination. The Indian Beaches offer you solitary and special
moments whether for romantic honeymoon, a perfect holiday, an ideal
vacation or even to fulfill your adventurous appetite through water
sports.Indian beaches are just the right place for fun and frolic,
and either a family holiday or a lone excursion. The hospitality of
the people adds to the charm of the beautiful surrounding, as does
the all-pervasive holiday mood. While, some of the beaches are well
prepared for tourists and appointed with every facility, be it
hotels and resorts, beach shacks and small restaurants serving
delicious but affordable food, or beach bazaars with colorful
balloons, the others are sandy and isolated retreats perfect for
unwinding and relaxing. EXCURSION TOUR
MOUNTAINEERING TOURS IN INDIA
Mountaineering as a sport has a history as old as the history of
the evolution of human race itself. Mountaineering started when the
need was felt for people who could climb difficult heights and
terrains to meet people across the border, to trade, or to conquer
new territories. In the course of time, man developed new modes of
transportation and communication and venturing out on these
difficult routes were not needed. Nevertheless, what remained was
his nature to take risks and getting pleasure in conquering
something totally unknown and unexplored. This inner urge to take
up challenges has led man to do things that are quite daring.
MOUNTAINEERING DESTINATIONS IN INDIAHimachal Pradesh, Garhwal and
Kumaon regions of Uttar Pradesh, Ladakh region of Jammu and
Kashmir, Northeast India, and Sikkim are the most important
mountaineering destinations in India. The summits that are quite
popular with the mountaineers are Num and Kun and the Zanskar range
in Jammu and Kashmir. In Kishtawar, there are numerous peaks with
altitudes up to 6,500 m that require technical climbing skills. In
Himachal Pradesh, the areas of Lahaul and Spiti as well as the Kulu
valley have several challenging peaks. The peaks in India have been
classified as 'open', 'virgin', 'border', 'trekking', and 'other
peaks'. Each category offers a number of choices. ADVENTURE
HIMALAYAN SAFARI IN INDIA
India is a thrilling adventure holiday destination. You can
choose from a wide range of adventure tours in India, while on your
Indian Holiday. You can enjoy mountaineering in the Himalayas, and
trekking, camping and rock climbing on various mountain ranges,
while on adventure tours in India. Feel the thrill of white water
rafting and kayaking on the rivers of India. Take off from lofty
cliffs and soar like a bird, while hang gliding or parasailing in
India. If you're a wildlife enthusiast, you're sure to enjoy
wildlife safaris and adventure tours to the National Parks and
wildlife sanctuaries in India. If water sports are what excite you,
then India's long coastline and islands offer plenty of
opportunities for water sports adventure tours in India. You can
enjoy swimming, snorkeling, scuba diving, and surfing, wind surfing
and sailing, on adventure tours in India, when you enjoy an
adventurous Indian Holiday.
RIVER RAFTING TOUR IN INDIA
Be swept along a rushing river in a rubber raft, tumble over
rapids, plunge over waterfalls and feel the icy spray splash on
your face, as your raft races along a mountain river in India.
Experience the thrill of white water rafting in India along
tumbling snow-fed Himalayan Rivers in summer destinations in India.
River rafting in India is an exhilarating experience that you can
enjoy on your Indian Holiday. One of the best regions for river
rafting in India is the stretch up to Rishikesh in Uttaranchal.
White water rafting on the Alaknanda, Bhagirathi and Ganga rivers
is a popular adventure tourism activity in summer in India. For the
more adventurous traveler, white water rafting tours in India can
also be organized on the Indus River in Ladakh and Brahmaputra
River in Arunachal Pradesh GOLDEN TRIANGLE TOUR IN INDIA
Welcome to the golden triangle tour of India. The holiday you
will remember for the rest of your life. If you are keen to take
the picture for the India Gate, The Taj Mahal or the Sand Dunes as
the backdrop for your favorite photograph, which one will, you
pick. Is it difficult to decide? Well at the Indian visit we offer
you all the best of the holidays clubs Royal Rajasthan with the
terrific city of the Taj Mahal besides the dazzling and delightful
Delhi. The golden triangle tour of India is probably the most
captivating holiday that can be spent at India. Over the years the
Golden Triangle (Delhi - Agra - Jaipur) has made a firm footing on
the tourist map of the world. TRADITIONAL TOUR IN
INDIATraditionally, the journey (Yatra) is done from the west to
the east starting from Yamunotri, then proceeding to Gangotri &
finally to Kedarnath & Badrinath. Yamunotri & Gangotri fall
under Uttarkashi district in Garhwal region of Uttaranchal.
Badrinath falls under Chamoli & also house three out of five
Panch Kedar, Panch Badris, Sacred Sikh shrine of Hemkund Sahib,
skiing paradise. Auli & the legendary Valley of Flowers. The
holy pilgrimage of Kedarnath nestles in Rudraprayag.Although
Chardham are accessible through a network of motor able roads,
arduous trails remain the ancient sanctuaries of faith for
fulfilling experience. Marketing mix with tourism industry
The Seven Ps of Tourism Marketing
MixProductPricePlacePromotionPeopleProcessPhysicalEvidence
PRODUCT
ACCOMMODATIONRECREATIONRESTAURANTATTRACTIONTRANSPORTATIONSHOPPINGTourism
ProductProduct is the combination of tangible and intangible
elements. The tourism product, which is mainly the destination, can
only be experienced. The views of the location travel to the
destination, the accommodation and facility as well as the
entertainment at the destination all form the tourism product. Thus
it is a composite product combination of attraction, facilities and
transportation. Each of these components has its own significance
in the product mix and in the absence of even single components,
the product mix is incomplete.
Components of Tourist Product.BENEFITMEANINGWITH RESPECT TO THE
TRAVEL AND TOURIS INDUSTRY
Core BenefitThe fundamental benefit or service that the customer
is buyingTraveling
Basic ProductBasic, functional attributesTicketing, hotel
reservation
Expected ProductSet of attributes/conditions the buyer normally
expectsCustomer friendliness, good food
Augmented ProductThat meets the customers desires beyond
expectationsPrompt services, comfortable and convenient trip,
spectacular sights, music
Potential ProductThe possible evolution to distinguish the
offerTotally customized tour packages, A grade service at every
stage
PRICE
Pricing in tourism is a complex process. Pricing includes the
prices of other services like Air travel, Bus, Railways, Hotels,
etc. All are included in tourism package. Pricing also depends on
the Geographic location of the destination.
Pricing also depends on Seasonality. Seasonality is the most
important factor in pricing. To match demand and supply tourist
managers try to get either discount. E.g. Taj is the tourist
attraction in India. Pricing is also based on competitors pricing.
Pricing is also subject to government regulations. E.g. Air price
changes tourism package also changes, if Hotel charges change then
also tourism package changes.Pricing of the tourist product is a
complex matter because of its composite nature. Geographical
location of the destination affects the pricing decision. At the
same time, seasonality factor and varying demand cannot be
overruled. The objective of pricing in any other firms is to fetch
a target market share, to prevent competition, and to take care of
the price elasticity of demand.A very important way, in which the
travel and tourism business responded to their highly complex
pricing circumstances, is to operate at two levels. The first level
is corresponds with the marketing strategy, which concerns with the
product positioning, value for the money, long run return on
investments etc. The second level corresponds to the marketing
operations or tactics where the prices are manipulated to match the
current demand and competition.
PLACE
Different distribution strategies can be selected for Tourism
marketing. Tourism as a product is distributed as a travel.
Internet is also used widely. There is also small agents spread all
over the town who plays a role of place. Large travel companies
like Thomas Cook, Cox & Kings, SOTC, etc they act as a
wholesalers and these wholesalers also act as a retailer.The
tourism marketer may not have adequate choice of the tourist
center, because in most of the case the tourist destinations many
be natural, historical attraction. But, infrastructure facilities,
transportation, communication are important for the development of
the tourist center. The major decision that the tourism marketer
takes regarding distribution is relating to the channel of choice
and channel members. The uniqueness of tourism industry is
predominant position of intermediaries. The two major functions
performed by the distribution system in tourism marketing are:
To extend the number of points of sales or access, away form the
location at which services are performed or delivered To facilitate
the purchase of service in advanceDifferent distribution strategies
may be selected to reflect the companys overall objectives. The
middleman may be tour operators, who buy tourism products in bulk
and make them available to travel agents who are retailers. The
range of tourist products, which are bought by the tour operators
are airline seats, hotel accommodation, bus for local sight seeing,
etc. they may also sell directly to customers. The latest mode of
reaching the tourist is through Internet. Ticket booking can also
be done through the Internet and payment is made with credit
card.
PROMOTIONAdvertising and sales promotion in Tourism can be very
effective when supplemented by publicity and personal selling. They
use electronic, print all sorts of media they use; and it is highly
promoted industry. Public or PR (Public Relation) plays an
important role in tourism. It is also through recommendation of
friends and relatives this is a biggest promotion.Creation of
awareness is an important factor in the formulation of marketing
mix for the tourism industry. The promotion task simplifies the
activities of informing, persuading and influencing the decisions
of potential tourists. The promotion mix plays a vital role as the
users of service feel high degree of involvement and uncertainty
about the product and their role in buying process. Some of the
important aspects of promotion are advertising, publicity, sales
support and public relation.Advertising and sales promotion
activities in tourism can be very effective when supplemented by
publicity and personal selling. Advertising messages may range from
subtly attractive visual messages and symbols designed to appeal
and stimulate travel desire and needs to simple sales announcements
drawing attention to specific product offers.Word-of-mouth is a
very important tool of promotion in tourism. Research shows that
about 80% of the tourist visited different places on the persuasion
of their friends and relatives and also their own judgments.
Brochures are another form of communication provided by tour
operators to stimulate customers and motivate them to buy. They are
used to demonstrate in pictures and words the images and
positioning of the product and the organizations. PEOPLE
It plays a most important part in tourism. In people local
people are very important, that how they treat tourist. The travel
agents, guides, staff of travel companies, sales staff, etc they
are the people. Travel Company also like Railways, Air, etc. is
included in people. Normally a tourist assures a tourism quality
like hotels, Travel Company.The personnel who attend to the needs
of the tourists form an essential ingredient in tourism marketing.
The sales personnel are responsible for dealing with the customer
behind the counter. The airline and transportation crew interact
with customers while traveling. The resort or hotel representatives
enter to the needs of the tourist when they reach the destination.
The tourist guides, who interact with the customers at the tourist
location, all form the people element in tourism marketing. These
contract persons must be trained on interpersonal skills as well as
knowledge of the product. In the tourism industry the travel agents
and the travel guides are the two most important people who speak a
lot about the industry. Hence it is imperative that they have to be
at their best at all times. Travel guides especially, are expected
to have a lot of patience, good sense of humor, tact to transform
the occasional tourists into habitual ones, thorough knowledge of
the places, linguistic skills etc.
PROCESSThe operation process of the tourism firm will depend on
the size of the tourism firm. The sequential steps involved in the
delivery of the tourist products are: Provision of travel
information --- The information regarding the travel is provided at
a convenient location where the potential tourist seeks
clarification about his proposed tour. Preparation of itinerates
----- It is a composition of series of operations that are required
to plan a tour. Liaison with providers of services --- Before any
form of travel is sold over the counter to a customer; contracts
have to be entered with the providers of various services including
transportation companies, hotel accommodation, coaches for local
sightseeing etc. Planning and costing tours ----- Once the
contracts and arrangements are entered into, then the task of
planning and costing the tour, this will depend on the tour
selected as well as individual requirements. `Ticketing ---- The
computerized reservation system has in recent years revolutionized
the reservation system for both rail and air travel. Provision of
foreign currency and insurance --- In case of foreign travel the
final task provide foreign currency as well as insurance PHYSICAL
EVIDENCE
The tourist attraction, which is an expensive for the customer
must be tangibilised with the help of tangible items like,
comfortable seats while traveling, layout, and design of the
resort, natural service scope, etc. the sign posts that indicate
directions, route maps, information regarding rules and regulations
of the tourist spot and the sign regarding the public utilities
like toilets, telephone booth also form a part of the physical
evidence.Printed matters such as brochures also play an important
role in the development of tourism. As the product, in tourism is
intangible. There is a need to describe fully the product, which is
done by providing an elaborate brochure, which shows how different
elements of the programmes are carefully planned to include all
necessary information to make holiday establishes expectation of
quality value for money, product image and status, which must be
matched when the product is delivered. MARKET SEGMENTATION
Holiday As A BaseDemand As A BaseGeography As A basePsychography
As A baseDemography As A baseSocio-economic As A basePurpose As A
baseAge As A baseMarketSegmentationTourism
Though there are a number of bases for segmentation of tourists,
one of the most important is Lifestyle. Traveling decisions are
fantastically influenced by changing lifestyles. They are also
affected by other factors such as level of income, availability of
leisure time, etc.
BASE OF SEGMENTATIONCATEGORIES
HolidayMass market
Popular market
Individual market
DemandPrimary
Secondary
Opportunity
GeographyInternational
On the basis of regions, cities, etc.
PsychographyLifestyle
Personality motive
Knowledge
DemographyAge
Sex
Religion
Socio-economicRich, Poor
Rural, Urban
Literate, Illiterate
PurposeBusiness Travel
Cultural Tourism
Common Interest Convention
AgeTeens
Youth
Seniors
Such segmentation is useful when deciding the offerings to
target a particular segment. For example, The mass market consists
of vacationists that travel in large groups and prefer
all-inclusive tours. They are generally conservative. The popular
market consists of smaller groups going on inclusive or
semi-inclusive tours. This group includes pensioners and retired
people. The individual market consists of chairmen, senior
executives, etc. As the lifestyle changes, consumption of services
might change. For example, a newly married couple might prefer
romantic holidays, but once they have children they would prefer
family vacations where there are plenty of activities to entertain
kids. Teens and youth might prefer adventure holidays whereas
senior citizens would probably prefer more relaxing vacations.
SWOT ANALYSIS OF INDIA
STRENGTHS
Indias geographical location, a culmination of deserts, forests,
mountains and beaches: India is not only a vast country but also a
beautiful country with world famous natural locations, which
attracts lots of foreign tourist everyday. India has all types of
seasons at the same time because of its tropical nature, as you
will find the climate hot, humid, cold and warm all at the same
time in different locations. Also its location is not very out of
reach but easy to travel, as there are many modes of transport to
reach here. Diversity of culture, a blend of various civilizations
and their traditions:Indias diversity is its greatest strength.
There is so much to explore in India. One cannot be tired of
exploring its diverse culture, heritage and locations. The
different languages, dialects and other religious and cultural
customs and traditions are all the sources of attraction in India.
WEAKNESSES Lack of adequate infrastructure:It is a major drawback.
It is not the case of less money but the money is not being
utilized in the right places and in the right manner. The airlines
in India, for example, are inefficient and do not provide basic
facilities at airports. The road condition in India is very bad. An
intolerant attitude among certain sections of people:This is among
the people who do not like the foreigners and their entry into the
Indian Cultures as they feel that they will change the Indian
Culture and attitude and replace it with foreign culture. No proper
marketing of Indias tourism abroad: Foreigners still think of India
as a land of snake, villages, beggars and elephants. The Indians
have not made any efforts to change this image and this has proved
very costly as foreigners still think of Indians as illiterates and
narrow-minded OPPORTUNITIES
More proactive role from the government of India in terms of
framing policies: The government is supporting India tourism
industry with the recent appointment of Mrs. Renuka Chaudhary a
very intelligent and practical woman who would like to develop
India tourism. The Indian tourism industry should take this as an
opportunity and push forward its plans. Allowing entry of more
multinational companies into the country giving us a global
perspective:This is going to develop and build the confidence in
the minds of the foreigners who would like to explore India. Growth
of domestic tourism:Indian tourism will only develop if the roots
are strong. So if the Indians themselves travel around India the
foreigners will feel confident to come to India. For e.g.: Thomas
Cook says Travel Now Pay Latter. Affordable traveling at leisure,
plenty of job opportunities. Threats Economic conditions and
political turmoil in the other countries affects tourism:As a
result of this people are afraid to venture outside their own homes
for fear of terrorist attacks and threats to their lives.
Aggressive strategies adopted by other counties like Australia,
Singapore in promoting tourism:There are hardly any tourists who
confidently come to India and if the other countries offer better
packages and places then there is no reason why the tourists should
visit India The important task is to get tourism accepted as an
instrument of development and national integration. For this it is
necessary to create awareness of Indias charms as a tourist
paradise and simultaneously addressing the important issue of
toning up infrastructure and then getting down to marketing the
product in a pragmatic and result oriented manner. All segments of
the tourism trade should get together ands hammer out a strategy
taking into account the ground realities and demands of the
future.
Major Destinations of India
India is one of the popular tourist destinations in Asia.
Bounded by the Himalayan ranges in the north, and surrounded on
three sides by water (the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, and the
Indian Ocean), with a long history and diverse culture, India
offers a wide array of places to see and things to do. In 2004,
foreign tourists visiting India spent 15.4 billion USD - the ninth
highest in the world. India is also ranked among the top 3
adventure tourism destinations. One can expect to spend about
$1,750 in 2005 dollars for a two week visit, staying in
accommodations equivalent to Western ones.
DELHI
Delhi,known in India as the "Lotus Temple", the Bah' House of
Worship is one of the most famous landmarks in the Delhi. Delhi,
the capital of the vast, mystic subcontinent that is India. A fine
blend of old and new, ancient and modern in every stream of life is
the soul of Delhi. A melting pot of cultures and traditions,
religions and castes Delhi is true to its democratic nature. Delhi
has ruled always from the mythological days to the present, the
Aravali ridges and the Yamuna river stand a mute witness to it. The
rulers left behind their trade marks in the architecture.
Tughlakabad fort and the Qutab Minar, the Jama Masjid and the Lotus
temple, The Humayun's tomb and the Red Fort, and India Gate and the
Magnificent President's house. Delhi is famous for its wide roads
and crisp winters. One of the few places in India where colours of
nature changes with the seasons. Kerala to Kashmir and from Gujarat
to Assam all the mouth watering delicacies and shopping goods are
found in Delhi. The cosmopolitan nature of the city has only added
to the beauty and glory of it. Big gardens, wide roads, ancient
structures, and power of politics is what Delhi is all about.
AGRA
Perhaps India's best-known site is the Taj Mahal, one of the
world's greatest architectural achievements. It was built between
1631 and 1653 by Emperor Shah Jahan in honor of his wife, Arjumand
Banu, more popularly known as Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal serves as
her tomb.One of the popular tourist circuits is called the Golden
Triangle: the cities Delhi; Agra (site of the Taj Mahal); and
Jaipur. Delhi is approximately 200 kilometers away from Agra, and
250 kilometers from Jaipur.India also has a large variety of
protected wildlife. The country's protected wilderness consists of
75 National Parks of India and 421 Sanctuaries, of which 19 fall
under the purview of Project Tiger. Its climatic and geographic
diversity makes it the home of over 350 mammals and 1200 bird
species, many of which are unique to the subcontinent. Some well
known national wildlife sanctuaries include Corbett, Kanha,
Sariska, Periyar, Ranthambore, and Bharatpur. RAJASTHAN-THE LAND OF
KINGS
Rajasthan has a rich history and culture making it one of the
most popular tourist destinations in India. Shown here is the Hawa
Mahal in Jaipur, Rajathan.Rajasthan, the "Land of the Kings", is
one of the most attractive tourist destinations in Northern India.
The vast sand dunes of the Thar Desert attract millions of tourists
from around the globe every year. Major visitor attractions in
Rajathan include:1. Jaipur - The capital of Rajasthan, famous for
its rich history and royal architecture. 2. Jodhpur, fortress-city
at the edge of the Thar Desert, famous for its blue homes and
architecture. 3. Jaisalmer is famous for its golden fortress.4.
Barmer and surrounding areas offer perfect picture of typical
Rajasthani villages. 5. Bikaner is famous for its medieval history
as a trade route outpost.6. Mount Abu is also one of the world
famous tourist place.
JAMMU AND KASHMIR-THE LAND OF HEAVENS The Manasbal Lake near
Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir is 2000 meters above sea level.Tourist
destinations in Jammu and Kashmir include:1. Srinagar 2. Jammu 3.
Leh 4. Amarnath5. Vaishno Devi
Other cities of interest in Northern India include Gwalior,
Khajuraho, Varanasi, Mathura, and Haridwar.
GOA
The sunny beaches of Goa attracts millions of tourists every
year.Goa is another popular destination, famous for its excellent
beaches, churches, and temples.Goa, a tiny emerald land on the west
coast of India situated between the borders of Maharastra and
Karnataka, is better known to the world at large as the former
Portuguese enclave on the Indian soil. With the rule of the
Portuguese for over 450 years and the consequential influence of
the Latin culture, Goa presents a somewhat different picture to the
foreign visitor than any other part of the country. Not only the
proportion of Christians (almost all of whom are Catholics) in the
total population of Goa much higher than that obtaining in most of
the other States; the general way of living is also markedly
different. Western influence is evident in the dress and food
habits, and the general life of the people is quiet and peaceful. A
striking feature of Goa is the harmonious relationship between the
two principal religious communities, the Hindus and the Catholics,
who have lived together peacefully for generations. ORISSA-SPIRIT
OF BuddhismOrissa has been a preferred destination from ancient
days for people having interest in spirituality, religion, culture,
art and beauty of the nature. Ancient and medieval architecture,
pristine sea beaches, nature at her beautiful best, the classical
and ethnic dance forms and a variety of festivals, all in combine
attract tourists from far off places to explore this state to a
have a divine exposure of love and hospitality. Orissa has kept
alive Buddhism and the Buddha in its ancient womb. The spirit of
Buddhism still haunts the very air of Orissa. Rock-edicts that have
challenged time stand huge and over-powering by the banks of the
river Daya. The silent stones sing out songs of peace and
non-violence. The torch of Buddhism is still ablaze in the sublime
triangle at Udayagiri, Lalitgiri & Ratanagiri, on the banks of
river Birupa. The surrounding hills of Langudi and Kayama stand as
mute witness to the quirks and twists of history. Precious
fragments of a glorious past come alive in the shape of stupas,
rock-cut caves, rock-edicts, excavated monastries, viharas,
chaityas and sacred relics in caskets. Rock-edicts of Ashoka are a
bonus for your eyes. TAMIL NADUTamil Nadu has a rich culture and
offers a wide selection of temples famed for their architectural
beauty. Some of the more popular temple tour destinations
include:1. Chennai - The capital of Tamil Nadu has the second
longest beach in the world, the Marina Beach. 2. Madurai is known
for the beautiful Meenakshi temple. 3. Rameshwaram is famous for
the longest corridor in the world. 4. Kanyakumari, located at the
tip of India, is at the confluence of the Bay of Bengal, Arabian
Sea and the Indian Ocean. Recently a massive statue of
Thiruvalluvar has been installed here. 5. Kumbakonam, known for the
numerous temples in the town. The Mahamaham festival is held here
once in every twelve years and attracts millions of devotees to the
place. 6. Tiruchirapalli known for its Akhilandeshwari temple and
Rockfort temple.7. Thanjavur has the famous Brihadeeswara temple.
8. The famous hillstations Kodaikanal and Nilgiris offer the
visitors a welcome relief from the usually hot climate in the
state. KARNATAKAThe southern state of Karnataka offers:1.
Bangalore, the IT capital of India, is also significant for its
history;2. Mysore, about 140km from Bangalore, has palaces, KRS
Dam, several temples, a Hindu temple atop Chamundi hills; 3.
Srirangapatna, where nearby fortresses can be found (Tipu's); 4.
Hampi the city of ruins (1500's when the Muslim kings destroyed the
prosperous Vijayanagar empire);5. The Belur and Halebid temples are
famed for their sculptural beauty; 6. Sravanabelagola has a Jain
temple dedicated to king Bahubali. The statue is massive and a Maha
Masthaka Abhishekham performed one every year, attracts a huge
number of pilgrims;7. Sringeri, located in the western ghats, has a
wonderful temple dedicated to Sarada devi; 8. The Western Ghats
offer many other places of exceptional beauty like Agumbe, Horanadu
etc.; 9. Madikeri, Kodagu, Talakaveri, Kemmanagundi all places of
immense natural beauty.
KERALA-GOD'S OWN COUNTRY
Kerala, nicknamed as "God's own country", is one of the most
beautiful states in Southern India. Shown here is Munnar, in
Kerala.Kerala is an evergreen lush state, tucked away in the
southern corner of India. It is one of the most haunted visits of
tourists in India. The state has its own tourism brand name -
"God's Own Country", which has super-brand status. Kerala is famous
for its backwaters and lagoons. Kerala is also known for its
Ayurveda. The state was nicked as one of the "10 paradises of the
world" by the National Geographic traveller. The government of
Kerala offers tourism packages related to Ayurveda also. The major
attractions in Kerala include:1. Backwaters, lagoons, tropical
beaches and spice farms. 2. Hill stations at Thekady and Munnar 3.
Enchanting waterfalls at Athirapilly and Vazhachal 4. An exquisite
flora and fauna at its wildlife santuries. 5. Its historical
monuments. 6. The housboats of Alapuzha.
MAHARASHTRA
Maharashtra with its diverse geographical features provides a
range of tourist centres. The state has a 720-km coastline dotted
by rugs standing as mute witnesses down the ages to the march of
warrior kings, foreign trading vessels and invaders from across the
seas.The beauty of Maharashtra is in its forts, caves and temples,
so much so that it is called 'Dagd-Ancha Desh', meaning the Land of
Rocks. It has a lot to offer to a visitor, its features are such
that any tourist will definitely find something of his interest
from among its beaches, forts, caves, temples, cities, wildlife
sanctuaries, bird sanctuaries etc. The intricately carved caves of
Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta highlight the Indian heritage and the
spellbinding Indian Culture. Religious places like Pandharpur,
Nashik, Shirdi, Trimbakeshwar, Tuljapur, Ganapatipule, Bhimashankar
etc are a refreshing experience and make a fascinating
whole.Mumbai, the capital, can well claim to be (after Kolkata) the
second cultural centre of India. Also known as the First city of
India, it is one of the world's truly great cosmopolitan
metropolises. Being the economic powerhouse of India Mumbai is the
most affluent and industrialized city in the country today. Its
tradition of glamour and showbiz makes it the city of dreams.
Lively and pulsating, Mumbai is India's answer to Hollywood,
producing more films each year than any other county in the world.
It is also the centre of a healthy theatre culture.
Madhya Pradesh-"Heart of India"Madhya Pradesh is called the
"Heart of India" only because of its location in the centre of the
country. It has been home to the cultural heritage of Hinduism,
Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism and Islam. Innumerable monuments,
exquisitely carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces are dotted
all over the State. Madhya Pradesh is also known as Tiger State
because of tiger population in MP (Madhya Pradesh). Many Famous
national parks like Kanha, Banthavgadh and Pench are located in MP.
The natural beauty of Madhya Pradesh is equally varied. Consisting
largely of a plateau, the State has everything. Spectacular
mountain ranges, meandering rivers and miles and miles of dense
forests offering a unique and exciting panorama of wildlife in
sylvan surroundings. SikkimOriginally known as Suk-Heem, which in
the local language means "peaceful home", Sikkim was an independent
kingdom till the year 1974, when it became a part of the Republic
Of India. The capital of Sikkim is Gangtok, located approximately
185 kilometers from New Jalpaiguri, the nearest railway station to
Sikkim. Although, an airport is under construction at Dekiling in
East Sikkim, the nearest airport to Sikkim would be Bagdogra.
Sikkim is considered as the land of Orchids and mystic cultures and
colorful traditions. Sikkim is well known among trekkers and
adventure lovers, as West Sikkim has a lot to give them. Places
near Sikkim include Darjeeling also known as the Queen of hills and
Kalimpong. Darjeeling, other than its world famous "Darjeeling tea"
is also famous for its refined "Prep schools" founded during the
British Raj. Kalimpong is also famous for its Flora cultivation and
is home to many internationally known Nurseries.
UttaranchalUttaranchal is the 27th state of the Republic of India.
Blessed with magnificent glaciers, majestic snow-clad mountains,
gigantic and ecstatic peaks, valley of flowers, skiing slopes and
dense forests, this Abode of Gods includes many shrines and places
of pilgrimage. Char-dhams, the four most sacred and revered Hindu
temples: Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri and Yamunotri are nestled
in the Mighty Himalayas. Haridwar which means Gateway to God is the
only place on the plains.A picturesque state, with a breathtaking
panoramic view of Himalayas, Uttarakhand promises its tourists a
visit full of fun and unforgettable moments. It contains the most
fascinating and beautiful part of the Himalayas and provide
watershed for Gangetic River System spanning 300Km from Satluj in
the west to Kali river in the east. Nanda Devi (25640 Ft) is the
second highest peak in India after Kanchenjunga (28160 Ft).
Dunagiri, Neelkanth, Chukhamba, Panchachuli, Trisul are other peaks
above 23000 Ft. It is considered abode of Devtas, Yakashyas,
Kinners, Fairies and Sages. They all are present here on glittering
peaks, roaring rivers, beautiful hills slopes and valleys in one or
another form.It boasts of some old hill-stations developed during
British era like Mussoorie, Almora and Nainital. Uttar
PradeshSituated in the northern part of India, Uttar Pradesh is
important with its wealth of monuments and religious fervor.
Geographically, Uttar Pradesh is very diverse, with Himalayan
foothills in the extreme north, the Gangetic Plain in the centre,
and the Vindhya Mountain Range towards the South. It is also home
of India's most visited site, the Taj Mahal, and Hinduism's holiest
city, Varanasi. The most populous state of the Indian Union also
has a rich cultural heritage, and at the heart of North India,
Uttar Pradesh has much to offer.Places of interest include
Varanasi, Agra, Mathura, Jhansi, Prayag, Sarnath, Ayodhya, Dudhwa
National Park and Fatehpur Sikri. West BengalKolkata, one of the
many cities in the state of West Bengal has been nicknamed the City
of Palaces. This comes from the numerous palatial mansions built
all over the city. Unlike many north Indian cities, whose
construction stresses minimalism, the layout of much of the
architectural variety in Kolkata owes its origins to European
styles and tastes imported by the British and, to a much lesser
extent, the Portuguese and French. The buildings were designed and
inspired by the tastes of the English gentleman around and the
aspiring Bengali Babu (literally, a nouveau riche Bengali who
aspired to cultivation of English etiquette, manners and custom, as
such practices were favourable to monetary gains from the British).
Today, many of these structures are in various stages of decay.
Some of the major buildings of this period are well maintained and
several buildings have been declared as heritage structures.THE
PRESENT SCENARIO OF INDIAN
FUTURE POTENTIAL
Chapter III: Research Methodology
Research Objective: Study the Consumer Behavior With regards to
Travel And Tourism in India .Research Problem: How Modernize is
Travelling Habits of the people ?Sampling Size: 10 Sampling
techniques: Through Questionnaire
The Survey was conducted over a period of a month June (3-4days)
. In which, I went to tourists places of Delhi like Qutab
minar,India gate etc.Tourist Coming from different countries and
made them aware of the survey, provided them with the questionnaire
and helped them in filling it.The information which was seek from
them was to predict how modernize their way of travelling is. They
were asked, How often they travel? For How long? Where they travel
to? With whom? Objective of their travel. How they plan their Trip?
Where do they stay? Have much familiar they are with online travel
assistance options ? How they like to travel more? Is India is a
favourable destination? All these information was seeked in form of
following questionnaire:
Questionnaire
Please go through the following questionnaire and identify the
appropriate responses for each of them. There is no such thing as a
correct answer, therefore feel free to respond unprohibitively
Disclaimer: Your response via this questionnaire will be used
strictly for academic purposes. There will not be any commercial
solicitation or usage of the response in any kind / form
whatsoever.
Personal InformationName: Gender: Occupation:E-mail id:
Country:
1. How often do you travel outstation? Once in a Year Once in 6
Months Once in 3 Months Every Month Every Week 2. How do you Plan
your Trip? By Yourself Through a Travel Agent3. What is most common
type purpose of your travel? Family Vacation Adventures Business
Spiritual Religious4. What mode of transportation do you opt ? Rate
them on the basis of your preference (most preferred at the top,
Least preferred at the bottom )Car, Bus, Train , Airplane, Ship 1.
5.2.3.4. 5.Where do you go most often ? Hill Stations Beaches
Deserts Historically Significant places Commercially Busy cities6.
Do you travel internationally or domestically? International
Domestic Both
How many times you travel........................ 7. With whom,
Do you travel most often? Family Friends Colleagues Alone8. Where
do you like to stay ? Expensive Hotels Economy Hotels Resorts
9.What is generally the length of the trip ? 1-2 days 3-5 days A
week A fortnight A month
10. Do you think India is favourable destination for the
tourist?
Yes No
11. How many places you have visited till now in India (name
them)?
Ans:___________________________12. Have you used any online
travelling website? If Yes, how often? none sometimes often every
time when I plan a travel NO13. What are the problems faced by you
during travelling to India?Ans:________________________________14.
Which place you like the most? ( From places you have visited
)Ans:________________________________15. Is India has lots of
heritage Sites? Yes No16. India Is rich in culture? Yes No17. Is
India has beautiful natural environment ? Yes No18. Does India have
attractive destinations? Yes NO
Chapter IV: DataReduction,Presentation & Analysis
With data available various analysis where done in order to
study travelling behavior of the sample.
1. To start with Age Group.
The Sample was made of 47% people falling in the age group of
20-25 years. Next trailing Age group was below 20 years with 33 %
of contribution. Age group of 25-30 and Above 30 years had
contribution of 17% and 3% respectively.
2. Sex Ratio
57 of respondents where Male rest were Females .
3. Occupation
72 % of respondents where student pursuing different courses of
graduation level . where a 15 % where engaged in service . Followed
by 11 % engaged in Business while rest two percent were Housewives
.4. No . of Trips
As above data signifies , 36 % went out of their daily
environment only once in year . 21 % went out every month while 20
% went once in 6 months. 13 % went once in 3 months but only 10 %
went every week.
5.Planning
When it comes to planning your Trip 69 % liked to plan their
trip all by themselves where as 31 % rendered the service of Travel
agents .
6. Purpose
When asked about the purpose of the Trips they make , 57%
answered that its mostly Family vacation . Other 18% said that its
Adventure while 18% said that they do it for Business point of
view. While 5 % and 6% people defined their purpose as Spiritual
and religious.
7. Mode of Transportation
People prefer Train over all the others followed by Car,
Airplane, Bus and at the last Ship.
8. Destination
50 % people commented that their preferred and most destination
is Hill Station . for 24 % people its Commercially busy places, for
13% its Deserts. While for 8% and 5% its His