Summer Internship at IIT Hyderabadteqip.iith.ac.in/.../07/Kislay-Kumara_Internship-Report.pdf · 2019-07-17 · Summer Internship at IIT Hyderabad One-month Summer Internship organized

Summer Internship at IIT Hyderabad

One-month Summer Internship organized by

TEQIP – III held at IIT Hyderabad

Name: - Kislay Kumar

Course: - Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech)

Branch: - Mechanical Engineering (M.E)

College Name: - Bhagalpur College of Engineering

Bhagalpur, Bihar - 813210

Faculty Advisor: - Dr. Pankaj S. Kolhe (Associate Professor)

(Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering)

Guide Advisor: - Abinash Biswal (Ph.D. Research Scholar)

(Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering)

Topic: - Testing Performance of SI Engine on Alternative Fuels

and Spray Characterisation for GDI mode.

Topic: - Testing Performance of Spark Ignition(SI) Engine on

Alternative Fuels and Spray characterization for Gasoline Direct

Injection(GDI) mode.

With depleting conventional source of energy, exhausting petroleum

deposits there is an ever increasing demand for alternative sources

of energy which are required to be renewable and less polluting and

at same time more efficient. There is a continuous battle between the

improving technology. So various researches and experiments are

proceeding to check their Spray characterisation and Performance,

Emission & Combustion characteristics of various alternative fuels

for Internal Combustion (IC) Engine.

In Spark Ignition (SI) Engine, fuels such as Lemon Peel Oil (LPO), Iso-

octane, blend of iso-octane & ethanol and blend of LPO & ethanol, etc.

are used for spray characterisation for autonomous. Fuels such as

Methanol, Ethanol, CNG, hydrogen and gaseous fuel, etc. are used for

testing Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristics

should possess certain qualities to run the engine smoothly with

more efficiency.

Alternative Fuels are biodegradable, renewable fuel and their

physical properties are quite more effective for testing performance

and spray characterisation.

With the experiments such as Spray Characterisation for Gasoline

Direct Injection (GDI) mode at Elevated pressure and temperature

conditions with constant volume combustion chamber and Testing

Performance on alternative fuels with PFI Injector, and constant

volume spray chamber to check their various properties which affect

the smooth running of IC engine and their efficiency.

GDI is a new trend in SI engine technology. Charge cooling, lower

oxides of nitrogen, higher compression ratio are the advantages of

GDI over conventional PFI. Fuel Spray understanding of GDI injector

plays an important role in engine operation.

In Spray Characterisation of GDI at elevated pressure and

temperature conditions is carried out through Gasoline Direct

Injection (GDI) Injector with the help of constant volume combustion

chamber and with fuel pump and injection control unit.

Materials and methods which are used in spray characterisation are

as follows: -

Constant volume combustion chamber: -

Idea is to mimic engine like pressure and temperature conditions and

study the behaviour of different fuels.

Elevated pressure and temperature created by using the pre-

combustion of air and acetylene.

Constant volume combustion chamber

Image Capture and Image Processing

Parameters like liquid and vapour penetration are studied.

Schlieren Shadowgraphy detects vapour, Mie Scattering gives liquid.

Image Processing done in MATLAB to detect the boundary of spray.

Phantom Control Camera

Schlieren Shadowgraphy

MATLAB for image processing through liquid penetration programme

For Liquid, Mie Scattering Set up is given below: -

Mie Scattering Setup

Image Processing in MATLAB for both process

In Testing Performance of SI engine on alternative fuels, the

experiments were carried out on conventional Port Fuel

Injection(PFI) Injector using ethanol/butanol – gasoline blend as the

test fuel and gasoline as the base fuel and without any modification

of the engine component.

Here are some diagrams, how the Port Fuel Injection (PFI) mode is

different with Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI). Given below: -

Port Fuel Injection VS Gasoline Direct Injection

The Engine Performance Characteristics with different ethanol/

butanol gasoline blends vary with the blend ratio. The Exhaust Gas

Analyser is used to measure the pollutants present in the fuel

which are injected through PFI injector. The percentage of

impurities decide the performance characteristics of SI engine. The

emission of carbon dioxide indicates the combustion of air fuel

mixture. The availability of carbon monoxide indicates the

incomplete combustion which shows the poor performance

characteristics as it affects the efficiency of engine.

In PFI injection mode for testing performance characteristics of SI

engine, fuel is injected with air mixture during the combustion

stroke of engine. During the exhaust stroke, the emission of

pollutants decides its performance characteristics and efficiency of

engine.

The schematic diagram of Port Fuel Injector and experimental setup

:-

Process of injecting Fuel in Four Stroke Engine

Experimental setup for testing performance characteristics of SI engine