Steganography the Art of Hiding Information

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[t`fmhaf|m~bw% tb` m|t ai bgdghf ghia|jmtgah ^mf` = ai =0 Ghia|jmtgah [`kp|gtw Al{`|ymta|w

I|aj tb` F|``c {t`fmha{ "kay`|`d' mhd f|m~ba{ "v|gtghf' {t`fmhaf|m~bw kmh l` d`igh`dm{ tb` bgdghf ai ghia|jmtgah tb|apfb m kay`|t kbmhh`e vgtb tb` ~p|~a{` ai ~|`y`htghf tb`d`t`ktgah ai m bgdd`h j`{{mf`(

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Gjmf` =? H`v{ {ta|g`{? [t`fmhaf|m~bw g{ hat op{t m tb`a|`tgkme ghy`htgah

[ap|k`? GHT@KA

Tbg{ {kg`hk` bm{ m|ap{`d f|`mt ght`|`{t gh |`k`ht w`m|{ {ghk` gt bm{ l``h p{`d lw k|gj`mhd t`||a|g{t a|fmhg{mtgah{( Bav`y`| tbg{ g{ hat m h`v ghy`htgah lpt bm{ l``h `j~eaw`d{ghk` mhkg`ht tgj`{( Tbg{ m|tgke` g{ ght`hd`d ta ght|adpk` tb` |`md`| ta tb` ig`ed ai{t`fmhaf|m~bw kem|giwghf gt{ dgii`|`hk`{ i|aj k|w~taf|m~bw mhd {bavghf `rmj~e`{ ai tb`{aitvm|` p{`d ia| tbg{ t`kbhg}p`(

Gh{tgtpta Hmkgahmed` T`khaeafm{d` em Kajphgkmkgh

AL[@\YMTA\WHat`laac

[T@FMHAF\M^BW% TB@ M\T AI BGDGHF GHIA\JMTGAH

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G Bg{ta|w mhd a|gfgh{

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Gjmf`

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Gt l`kaj`{ ke`m| tbmt {t`fmhaf|m~bw bm{ `rg{t`d gh ap| kgygegzmtgah i|aj tgj` gjj`ja|gmemhd bm{ l``h t|mdgtgahmeew p{`d lw jgegtm|w mhd ght`eegf`hk` mf`hkg`{ k|gjghme{ mhd ~aegk`m{ v`ee m{ lw kgygegmh{ vba vmht ta dg{al`w fay`|hj`ht |`{t|gktgah{( Bav`y`| vb`|`m{t|mdgtgahme {t`fmhaf|m~bw vm{ ahew lm{`d ah gfha|ghf tb` kay`|t kbmhh`e p{`d dgfgtmekbmhh`e{ "gjmf` ygd`a mpdga kajjphgkmtgah ~|atakae{ `tk(' m|` havmdmw{ p{`d tamkbg`y` tbmt tm|f`t( Gh jmhw km{`{ tb` kahtmgh`| alo`kt g{ chavh3 vbmt g{ gfha|`d g{ tb`mefa|gtbj ta gh{`|t ghia|jmtgah ghta tbmt alo`kt(

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Dgii`|`ht mkta|{ m|` ghyaey`d gh tb` ig`ed ai {t`fmhaf|m~bw?

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[t`fmhmew{g{? {kg`hk` tbmt {tpdg`{ tb` d`t`ktgah "~m{{gy` mttmkc{' mhd!a|kmhk`eemtgah "mktgy` mttmkc{' ai ghia|jmtgah bgdd`h l`bghd dgii`|`ht kay`|{ m{ v`eem{ tb` ~a{{glgegtw ai ighdghf tb` p{`ipe ghia|jmtgah gh{gd` tb`j "`rg{t`hk` mhd {gz`'(

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Tb`|`ia|` tb` p{` ai {t`fmhaf|m~bw meah` {tmhd{ gh kaht|mdgktgah ta ah` ai tb` lm{gk{`kp|gtw ~|ghkg~e`{? {`kp|gtw tb|apfb al{kp|gtw "gfha|mhk`' da`{ hat va|c(

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GGG Iphktgahghf mhd `rmj~e`{

Tbg{ m|tgke` iakp{`{ ah tb` ja{t p{`d kay`| alo`kt? dgfgtme gjmf`{ mhd ~m|tgkpem|ewgjmf`{ gh LJ^ ia|jmt ia| gt{ {gj~egkgtw "tbg{ g{ mh phkaj~|`{{`d ige` ia|jmt'( Tb` gd`m{~|`{`ht`d kmh l` m~~eg`d ta atb`| ia|jmt{ "O^F ^HF `tk(' mhd atb`| km||g`| alo`kt{"ygd`a{ dakpj`ht{ `tk(' m{ eahf m{ tb` {~`kgigk kbm|mkt`|g{tgk{ ai `mkb ia|jmt m|`|`{~`kt`d(

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Gjmf` 4? Yg{pme `ii`kt ai tb` jadgigkmtgah ai tb` e`m{t {gfhgigkmht lgt{ ai tb` \FLkaj~ah`ht{ gh m ~gr`e(

[ap|k`? GHT@KA

@mkb \FL kaj~ah`ht ai tb` ~gr`e bm{ l``h fgy`h m ah`*phgt bgfb`| ymep` mhd tb` `ii`kt g{phhatgk`mle` ia| tb` bpjmh `w`( Gh imkt gi v` tmc` ghta mkkapht tbmt m ~gr`e g{ {p||aphd`dlw atb`| ~gr`e{ tb` yg{pme `ii`kt fa`{ `y`h ja|` phhatgk`d gi gt{ {p||aphdghf{ m|` hatjadgig`d(

Tb` gj~egkmtgah ai tbg{ g{ tbmt lw p{ghf ah`*lgt kbmhf`{ gh `mkb kaj~ah`ht ai m ~gr`e gt g{

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M{ ia| LJ^ gjmf`{ {t`fmhaf|m~bw lw |`~emk`j`ht g{ }pgt` {gj~e`3 tbg{ t`kbhg}p` f`t{ja|` kaj~e`r vb`h d`meghf vgtb atb`| ia|jmt{ lpt tb` lm{gk gd`m g{ tb` {mj`?

Jadgigkmtgah ai tb` ymep`{ ia| tb` kaeap| ~me`tt` gh m FGI ige`(

\`~emk`j`ht ai }pmhtgig`d DKT ka`iigkg`ht gh O^F ige`{(

Tbg{ t`kbhg}p` bm{ mh phd`|ewghf kahk`~tpme `||a|? gt m{{pj`{ tbmt tb` ghia|jmtgaha|gfghmeew {ta|`d gh tb` e`m{t {gfhgigkmht lgt{ g{ |mhdaj mhd tbmt kah{`}p`htew jadgiwghf gtta gh{`|t bgdd`h ghia|jmtgah da`{ hat |`y`me tbmt tb` gjmf` bm{ l``h `dgt`d( Tbg{ g{ hatt|p` mhd jmw {`|y` m{ m lm{g{ ia| m {t`fmhmew{g{ j`kbmhg{j m{ `r~emgh`d emt`| gh {`ktgahGY(

Gh{`|tgah ai lgt{ ghta tb` kay`| alo`kt

Tb` ghia|jmtgah lgt{ m|` mdd`d i|aj m k`|tmgh {t|pktp|me m{~`kt ai tb` ige` "`hd ai ige` @AI* ~mddghf {~mk`{ a| megfhj`ht `tk( '( Tbg{ a~tgah bm{ tb` dg{mdymhtmf` tbmt gi tb`{gz` ai tb` kahtmgh`| alo`kt g{ jadgig`d gt jmw |mg{` {p{~gkgah{(

Gh a|d`| ta `rt|m~aemt` tbg{ gd`m ta tb` `rmj~e` ai LJ^ gjmf`{ v` jp{t ig|{t phd`|{tmhdbav tbg{ ia|jmt g{ {t|pktp|`d( Tb` ig|{t 04 lwt`{ kahtmgh gjmf` j`tmdmtm vbgkb m|`dgygd`d m{ iaeeav{?

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4 lwt`{ ~gr`e{ ~`| ba|gzahtme j`t|`

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Fgy`h tbg{ {t|pktp|` tb` t|gygme vmw ai bgdghf dmtm g{ ta bgd` tb`j op{t mit`| tb` j`tmdmtm"l`tv``h tb` gjmf` j`tmdmtm mhd dmtm' mhd kbmhf` tb` aii{`t ig`ed "dg{tmhk` l`tv``hj`tmdmtm mhd gjmf` ~gr`e{'( Lw daghf tbg{ gt g{ ~a{{gle` ta e`my` {~mk` ia| mee tb`mddgtgahme kaht`ht wap vmht ta ghkepd`(

Gjmf` 9? Dgmf|mj ai tb` |`{pet altmgh`d i|aj {t`fmhaf|m~bw lw gh{`|tgah gh LJ^ gjmf`{(

[ap|k`? GHT@KA

Gjmf` 9 ~|ay`{ tbmt tbg{ g{ hat m y`|w {ge`ht t`kbhg}p`( Gi tb` dmtm ta l` bgdd`h bmy``hapfb v`gfbt "{`y`|me j`fmlwt`{' gt g{ {aj`vbmt {p{~gkgap{ ta bmy` m =>r=> ~gr`e gkahtmcghf p~ 0 j`fmlwt`{( Ia| tbg{ |`m{ah tb` ~`|{ah gh kbm|f` ai bgdghf tb` ghia|jmtgahjp{t dg{t|glpt` gt gh dgii`|`ht gjmf`{ gh a|d`| ia| tb` kbmhf` hat ta l` {a alygap{(

Md*bak k|`mtgah ai m kay`| alo`kt i|aj tb` ghia|jmtgah ta l` bgdd`h

Tbg{ a~tgah g{ {gj~ew tb` f`h`|mtgah ai m kahtmgh`| ige` vgtb tb` y`|w ghia|jmtgah ta l`bgdd`h gh{t`md ai altmghghf tb` kahtmgh`| ige` {`~m|mt`ew mhd jmhg~pemtghf gt ta ghkepd` tbmtghia|jmtgah(

Ia| gh{tmhk` fgy`h m {~`kgigk mefa|gtbj ta |`a|d`| tb` lwt`{ ai tb` dmtm ta l` bgdd`h m{t|ghf ai ~gr`e{ ai m LJ^ ige` kmh l` f`h`|mt`d vgtb {aj` yg{pme j`mhghf( Gi tb` |`k`gy`|

chav{ tb` |`a|d`|ghf mefa|gtbj tb` t|mh{jg{{gah ai ghia|jmtgah g{ ~a{{gle`(

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GY [t`fmhmew{g{

M{ j`htgah`d mlay` {t`fmhmew{g{ g{ tb` t`kbhg}p` p{`d ta |`t|g`y` bgdd`h j`{{mf`{ a|

ta ~|`y`ht kajjphgkmtgah ygm {t`fmhaf|m~bw( Tb`|` m|` tva jmgh tw~`{ ai ~m{{gy`{t`fmhmew{g{ vbgkb m|` l|g`iew `r~emgh`d l`eav?

Jmhpme {t`fmhmew{g{

Gt g{ tb` jmhpme {`m|kb ai dgii`|`hk`{ l`tv``h tb` kay`| alo`kt mhd tb` {t`fa*alo`kteaacghf ia| kbmhf`{ gh tb` {t|pktp|` gh a|d`| ta ighd bgdd`h dmtm( Tb` jmgh dg{mdymhtmf`{ai tbg{ t`kbhg}p` m|` tbmt tb` kay`| alo`kt g{ h`k`{{m|w mhd tbmt ah jmhw akkm{gah{ ah`kmh d`t`kt bgdd`h ghia|jmtgah vgtbgh mh alo`kt lpt g{ phmle` ta |`t|g`y` gt(

H`y`|tb`e`{{ vb`h v` da hat bmy` tb` kahtmgh`| ige` gt g{ ~a{{gle` ta eaac ia| g||`fpem|gtg`{gh tb` {t`fmhaf|m~bg`d ige` gh a|d`| ta ighd {gfh{ ai tb` `rg{t`hk` ai bgdd`h dmtm(

Yg{pme mttmkc{ me`|t tb` bpjmh `w` ai tb` ~|`{`hk` ai bgdd`h ghia|jmtgah tbmhc{ ta tb`m~~ewghf ai iget`|{( E`t{ kah{gd`| tb` LJ^ ige` vb`|` tb` e`m{t {gfhgigkmht lgt ai tb`kaj~ah`ht{ ai {aj` ai gt{ ~gr`e{ bm{ l``h |`~emk`d lw bgdd`h ghia|jmtgah( Vgtbgh tbg{{`ttghf tb` jmhpme {t`fmhmew{g{ ghyaey`{ m~~ewghf {pkb m iget`| tbmt ahew tb` e`m{t{gfhgigkmht lgt ai `mkb \FL kaj~ah`ht ai `mkb ~gr`e g{ kah{gd`|`d(

Tbg{ g{ vbmt Gjmf` 6 {bav{? tb` ig|{t gjmf` bgd`{ ghia|jmtgah mhd vb`h m~~ewghf tb`iget`| m {jmee phgia|j ~mtt`|h g{ hatgk`mle` ah tb` ta~ ai tb` gjmf` m~m|t i|aj tb` ay`|meekbmhf` ai {bmd` kaj~m|`d ta tb` iget`|`d gjmf` ai tb` a|gfghme ige`(

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