Top Banner
Special Topics Global Warming and Ocean Acidification
23

Special Topics

Feb 23, 2016

Download

Documents

tynice

Special Topics. Global Warming and Ocean Acidification. Global Warming and Ocean Acidification. The Atmosphere. Layer of gases surrounding the planet Troposphere Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon dioxide Methane. The Greenhouse Effect. The Greenhouse Effect. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Special Topics

Special Topics

Global Warming and Ocean Acidification

Page 2: Special Topics

The Atmosphere

• Layer of gases surrounding the planet

• Troposphere– Nitrogen – Oxygen– Carbon dioxide– Methane

Global Warming andOcean Acidification

Page 3: Special Topics

The Greenhouse Effect

Page 4: Special Topics

The Greenhouse Effect

Page 5: Special Topics

Human activity releases greenhouse gases:• Burning of fossil fuels (oil and coal) – releases ¾ of the CO2

• Deforestation• Puts CO2 into the atmosphere by burning• Less CO2 is absorbed by trees

• Methane is released by• Burning fossil fuels• Digestive system of cattle and sheep• Rice paddies

Page 6: Special Topics

The scale of slash and burn agriculture in Western Brazil is almost incomprehensible. During the dry season the forest is put to the torch to make way for unsustainable farming and cattle raising.

Page 7: Special Topics

Madagascar

Page 8: Special Topics

Consequences of Global Warming• Rising sea levels as ice caps of Greenland and

Antarctica melt• Changes in precipitation patterns• Changes in habitat– The Arctic and Antarctic are warming 2-3X the

global rate• Loss of ice results in further warming– Bright white ice reflects solar energy back to space– Dark open water absorbs heat

Global Warming Animation

Page 9: Special Topics

Global Warming and Polar Bears

Page 10: Special Topics

6CO2 + 6H2O + E C6H12O6 + 6O2

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Page 11: Special Topics

Increased CO2 in the ocean results in acidification of theOcean.

Ocean acidification: NRDC

CO2 highly soluble in seawater. The oceans hold morethan 50X more CO2 than the atmosphere.

Page 12: Special Topics
Page 13: Special Topics
Page 14: Special Topics

Baleen WhalesCrabeater SealsLeopard SealsAdelie PenguinsChinstrap PenguinsGentoo Penguins

Light E Food E

The SunPhytoplankton

Krill – Euphausia superba

Photosynthesis

The top predators of the AntarcticPeninsula are seabirds and seals.

Page 15: Special Topics

The Crabeater Seal is a Krill Specialist

Page 16: Special Topics

Crabeater seals are krill specialists.Their entire “terrestrial” existence isspent on ice floes, not land.

Page 17: Special Topics

The distribution of Chinstrap Penguinsis intermediate between the GentooPenguin in the north and the AdeliePenguin in the south.

NorthGentoos

Chinstraps

Adelies

South

Page 18: Special Topics

Adelie Penguins

Adelie penguins breed on shores aroundthe Antarctic continent, South Shetland,South Orkney, and South Sandwich Islands.At sea they are usually found near the edgeof the shelf-ice to the northern extent ofthe pack-ice. They are a krill dependant species.

Page 19: Special Topics
Page 20: Special Topics

On the western sideof the AntarcticPeninsula the ACCupwells and floodsonto the continentalshelf. This bringsnutrients to the coastalwaters leading toblooms of diatomsthat krill feel on.

Upwelling

Page 21: Special Topics

Some of the larval stages of krill feed on algae that grow on the lower surface of sea ice. One of the factors that determines the annual abundance of krill is the extent of sea ice in winter. Along the northern half of theAntarctic Peninsula there has been an 80% decline inkrill abundance in the past 30 years attributed to aloss of sea ice.

Page 22: Special Topics
Page 23: Special Topics