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SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

Mar 29, 2015

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Page 1: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 2: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS

Marissa Salo Morgan, MSSafety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health BureauSafety Fest 2010 - Missoula

Page 3: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HOW IS YOUR DAY GOING?

• Better than this…I hope

Page 4: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

LEGAL

Page 5: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

OSH Act• Sec 5(a) Each employer…

o (1) shall furnish each of his/her employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or likely to cause, death or serious physical harm to his/her employees;

o (2) shall comply with the occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act.

• (b) Each employee... o shall comply with occupational safety and health

standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his/her own actions and conduct

Page 6: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CFR 1910.22 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• (a) Housekeeping.o All places of employment, shall be kept clean,

orderly and sanitary.o The floor shall be clean and, so far as possible

dryo Every floor shall be kept free from protruding

nails, splinters, holes, or loose boards.

Page 7: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CFR 1910.22 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• (b) Aisles and passageways.o Sufficient safe clearances shall be allowed.

Aisles shall be kept clear and in good repairs

• (c) Covers and guardrails.o Covers and/or guardrails shall be provided to

protect personnel from the hazards of open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc.

Page 8: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

ECONOMICAL

Page 9: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 10: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 11: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

DEFINITIONS

Page 12: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

WHAT ARE SLIPS, TRIPS AND FALLS?

• Slipo Occurs when there is too little traction or friction

between the shoe and walking surface.

• Tripo Occurs when a person’s foot contacts an object in

their way or drops to a lower level unexpectedly.

• Fallo Occurs when you are too far off balance.

Page 13: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HOW DO FALLS HAPPEN?

• Both slops and trips result from some a kind of unintended or unexpected change in the contact between the feet and the ground or walking surface.

Page 14: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

TYPES OF FALLS

• Same Levelo When you fall to the surface you are walking

on. Same level falls are more common.

• From Elevationo When you fall to a level below the one you are

walking on. Falls from elevation are more severe.

Page 15: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 16: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

NATIONAL STATISTICS

Page 17: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

FALLS

According to the U.S. Department of Labor, slips, trips and falls are the most common occupational accident.

• The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 234,840 employees suffered non-fatal injuries in the work environment in 2008.

• The Bureau reported that 579 (preliminary) employees died from a fall in 2009.

Page 18: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

MONTANA STATISTICS

Page 19: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

Reference: Montana Department of Labor and Industry, Employment Relations Division, Worker’s Compensation Annual Report, Fiscal Year 2009 .

Page 20: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS FOR MONTANA

2009

• 22.6% of work injuries were caused by slips, trips, and falls.

2008

• 21.3% of work injuries were caused by slips, trips, and falls.

21.3%

Reference: Montana Department of Labor and Industry, Employment Relations Division, Worker’s Compensation Annual Report, Fiscal Year 2009 and 2008.

Page 21: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 22: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 23: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 24: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 25: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 26: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 27: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 28: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 29: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.
Page 30: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

SLIPS

Page 31: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF SLIPS

• There are many different causes of slips.• Here are just a few examples:

o Wet spills or contamination on floors: Water Mud Oil/grease Food, etc.

o Dry contamination on floors: Dusts Wood, Powders, etc.

Page 32: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF SLIPS

Loose, unanchored mats

Transitioning from one surface to another

Dirty shoes

Highly polished floors

Little traction

Page 33: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF SLIPS

• Environmental factors:o Rain, snow, frost, ice

• Irregular surfaces, such as gravel or bricks

Page 34: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF SLIPS

• Loose tiles or floorboards that can shift• Ramps without skid or slip resistant surfaces• Metal surfaces

Page 35: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

ACTIVITY

• How is your traction…??

Page 36: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

TRIPS

Page 37: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF TRIPS

• There are many factors that contribute to trips.

• Here are a few examples:o Uncovered cables,

wires or extension cords

o Clutter, obstacles in walkways

Page 38: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF TRIPS

• Irregular walking surfaces• Changes in elevation (e.g., unmarked steps)• Damaged steps• Non-uniform or irregular steps:

o Varying tread depth, varying height

Page 39: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF TRIPS

• Carpets or mats that are not lying flat or have rolled up edges

• Missing or uneven floor tiles• Uneven surfaces

Page 40: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CAUSES OF TRIPS

• Objects protruding from walking surfaces• Sidewalk/curb drops• Uneven surfaces

Page 41: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

SLIPS, TRIPS….AND FALLS

Page 42: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

ACTIVITY

• Can you get in your vehicle…?

Page 43: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING SAFELY

• Make sure your shoes are clean of any mud, snow, grease, or any other slippery substance.

• Make sure the step, foothold or platform that you will be using is also clean, free of defects and properly secured.

• Always face the equipment when mounting or dismounting.

• Have a firm hold with your hands and step up, placing your foothold under the arch.

• Keep three points of contact at all times.

• Do not jump off while dismounting – step down carefully while facing the equipment.

Page 44: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

RISK FACTORS

Page 45: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

RISK FACTORS THAT COULD INCREASE STF

• Age• Body shape, size and mass• Walking dynamics• Physical condition, illness• Psychological factors, stress and

distractions• Medications, alcohol or drug effects• Visual perception

Page 46: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

RISK FACTORS THAT COULD INCREASE STF

• Poor lighting• Glare• Using bulky equipment or awkward clothing, PPE• Loud noise or distraction• Temperature or precipitation• Traffic type or volume• Change in elevation while walking

Page 47: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HUMAN FACTORS

Page 48: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HUMAN FACTORS

• Poor housekeeping• Using improper cleaning processes• Failing to use signs when slip, trip, and fall

hazards are present• Inattentive walking• Taking shortcuts• Being in a hurry

Page 49: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HUMAN FACTORS

• Improper footwear for work environments or environmental conditions.

Page 50: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

ACTIVITY

• What are some solutions…?

Page 51: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

PREVENTION TECHNIQUES

Page 52: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

SLIPS, TRIPS AND FALLS ARE PREVENTABLE!

Here are some prevention techniques:• Mapping• Safety Inspections• Hazard Elimination• Good housekeeping• Proper floor mats• Non-slip materials

Page 53: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

MAPPINGMapping is an excellent method for identifying problem areas. Overtime recording where and when slips, trips, or falls occur will help you identify and reduce the hazards.• First, obtain a drawing of the floor plan including the parking lot.

Page 54: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

MAPPING

• Second, start a log where you can record each slip, trip and/or fall. The log should record the following:o Whoo Whereo Wheno What they were doingo Conditions during the fallo Assign a unique number/letter to each incident

Page 55: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

MAPPING

• Third, mark the map with the identification number to indicate where the slip, trip, and/or fall happened.

Overtime, you will be able to identify the problems. This information can be used to take corrective actions.

Page 56: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

SAFETY INSPECTIONS

• Develop a policy for conducting safety inspections.

• Conduct safety inspections.

• Some areas of the facility may need to be checked more often than others.

• Document when the safety inspections are conducted.

• Eliminate the hazard.

Page 57: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HAZARD ELIMINATION

• Keep all aisles and walkways free of debris • Clean up all spills immediately• Install guard rails around openings • Keep working areas and walkways well lit• Cover cables that cross walkways• Keep stairs free of clutter• Spread sand and/or salt on icy surfaces

Page 58: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

HOUSEKEEPING

Keep the place of employment clean and sanitary.

• Develop cleaning schedules• Assign a spot for everything• Remove garbage, out of service equipment, broken tool, etc.

from the worksite• Install non-slip materials

Page 59: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

FLOOR MATS

• Entry mats should be long enough to clean shoes; 12 steps

• Use open holed mats in wash areas or in font of ice machines

• Removable high friction mats could be used in walk in freezers

• Anti fatigue mats should not be so thick as to pose a tripping hazard

Page 60: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

FLOOR MATS

Entryway

Office/Plant

Cafeteria/Restaurants

Cushion

Page 61: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

NON-SLIP MATERIALS

• Consider non-slip shoes for areas where the floors maybe slick or wet

• Provide a traction device for slippery shoes in winter months

• Apply non-slip material to ramps, steps, etc… o Painto Tapeso Treads

Page 62: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

TIPS

Page 63: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

TIPS TO PREVENT INJURIES

• Exercise daily to improve strength, flexibility and balance

• Stretch daily

• Choose low-impact exercises to help improve balance and reduce stress on joints (e.g., yoga, Pilates)

Page 64: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

IF YOU ARE FALLING…

• Tuck your chin in, turn your head, and throw an arm up.

• While falling, twist or roll your body to the side. • Keep your wrists, elbows and knees bent. Do not try

to break the fall with your hands or elbows. • Don’t move if you think you’ve hurt yourself. Wait for

help.

Page 65: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

ACTIVITY

• A-Z List…

Page 66: SLIPS, TRIPS, AND FALLS Marissa Salo Morgan, MS Safety and Health Specialist Montana Department of Labor and Industry Occupational Safety and Health Bureau.

CONCLUSION

• Slips, trips, and falls can be prevented if you are alert and safety conscious!

• Pay attention to your movements and surroundings. Remove potential hazards from your path so you, and others won’t be injured by slips, trips, and falls.