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Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. Sketches are not usually drawn to scale. Neatly drawn sketches with fairly accurate dimensions are usually sufficient for simple projects. Sketches of larger and more complicated projects can serve as the basis for accurate working drawings. Working drawings are complete drawings done in universal graphic language so that the object depicted can be constructed from the drawing alone without additional information. Dimensions - Working drawings use lines scaled to the dimensions of the actual objects. Views - Working drawings show specific views of an object with enough detail to enable project construction.` Most working drawings show three separate sides of an object from three flat, head-on views. Pictorial drawings show three sides of an object together in one view.
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Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Dec 16, 2015

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Mireya Crowell
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Page 1: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Sketches and Working Drawings

• Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper.

– Sketches are not usually drawn to scale.– Neatly drawn sketches with fairly accurate dimensions are usually sufficient

for simple projects.– Sketches of larger and more complicated projects can serve as the basis for

accurate working drawings.

• Working drawings are complete drawings done in universal graphic language so that the object depicted can be constructed from the drawing alone without additional information.

– Dimensions - Working drawings use lines scaled to the dimensions of the actual objects.

– Views - Working drawings show specific views of an object with enough detail to enable project construction.`

• Most working drawings show three separate sides of an object from three flat, head-on views.

• Pictorial drawings show three sides of an object together in one view.

Page 2: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

About Building Plans

• Are like maps• Provide important information

– Dimension– Direction– Heights

• Have standard symbols & signs• Drawn to scale• Give different views & sections

Page 3: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Building Plans Have:• Position of boundary pegs• Boundary lines• Building lines• Walls & fixtures• Heights

– Pegs– Natural ground level (NGL)– Finished ground level (FGL)– Finished floor level (FFL)– Walls & fixtures

• Cardinal direction• Plot number• Other specific information

Page 4: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Drawing to Scale

• Scale drawing permits the size of the object to be reduced proportionally in order for it to be drawn on the size of paper chosen.

• Common scales of a drawing may be 1mm, 10mm, 50mm, 100mm, to represent one metre. For example, 10mm = 1 metre.

• A scale rule is the most common type of scale used for drawing scale projects.

– Its main divisions at the end of the scale, which are in centimetres or millimetres, represent one metre.

– The divisions may be subdivided into smaller parts

Page 5: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Scale:

• Standard scale is– 1 : 100

• Sometimes– 1 : 50

• Site Plans often– 1 : 500

Let’s balance things out

Page 6: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Types of Lines Used in Drawings

a. Border line: a heavy, solid line drawn parallel to the edge of the drawing paper.b. Object line: a solid line representing the visible edges and form of an object.c. Hidden line: a series of dashes which indicate the presence of hidden edges.d. Dimension line: a solid line with arrowheads at both ends to indicate the length, width, or height of an object.e. Extension line: a solid line indicating the exact area specified by a dimension.f. Break line: a solid, zigzag line which indicates that part of the object being drawn is not fully illustrated or has been left out.g. Center line: a long-short-long line used to depict the center of a round object.h. Leader line: a solid line with an arrow pointing from an explanatory note to a specific feature of an object.

Page 7: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Basic Symbols - Walls

Page 8: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Windows

Page 9: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Doors

Page 10: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Showers

Page 11: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Kitchen Sink

STANDARD SIZES

900mm, 1200mm, 1500mm, 1800mm, 2100 mm

Page 12: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Basin

Page 13: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Toilet

Page 14: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

NORTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

EAST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

WEST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

SOUTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

NGLNGL NGL NGL

NGL NGL NGL NGL

Page 15: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

NORTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

EAST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

WEST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

SOUTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

NGLNGL NGL NGL

NGL NGL NGL NGL

Page 16: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

NORTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

EAST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

WEST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

SOUTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

NGLNGL NGL NGL

NGL NGL NGL NGL

Page 17: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

NORTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

EAST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

WEST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

SOUTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

NGLNGL NGL NGL

NGL NGL NGL NGL

Page 18: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Elevations

NORTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

EAST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

WEST ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

SOUTH ELEVATIONSCALE 1:100

NGLNGL NGL NGL

NGL NGL NGL NGL

Page 19: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Floor plan for 6 boys and 6 girls toilets

Page 20: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Cross Section AA

Page 21: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.
Page 22: Sketches and Working Drawings Sketches are freehand drawings of an object for a project done in order to get the idea down on paper. –Sketches are not.

Compiled & developed by

V Govindsamy