SIP.edu & VoIP Security 2nd Workshop on Securing VoIP June 1-2, Washington, DC Ben Teitelbaum <[email protected]> http://people.internet2.edu/~ ben/
Mar 27, 2015
SIP.edu & VoIP SecuritySIP.edu & VoIP Security
2nd Workshop on Securing VoIPJune 1-2, Washington, DC
Ben Teitelbaum <[email protected]>http://people.internet2.edu/~ben/
2nd Workshop on Securing VoIPJune 1-2, Washington, DC
Ben Teitelbaum <[email protected]>http://people.internet2.edu/~ben/
2SIP.edu and VoIP Security—2nd Workshop on Securing VoIP—June 1-2—Washington, DC
OutlineOutline
• Internet2
• SIP.edu• Goal• Architecture• Status• Security Concerns
• Abilene Observatory• VoIP Observatory?
3SIP.edu and VoIP Security—2nd Workshop on Securing VoIP—June 1-2—Washington, DC
Internet2 Who?Internet2 Who?
Elevator Explanation• Internet2's mission is to develop and deploy
advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet
Who we really are• Membership organization of 200+ US research
universities• Parent 501.3c (UCAID) has board of university
presidents• Project supported by numerous partnerships
(government, industry, international)
Goals• Enable new generation of applications• Re-create leading edge R&E network capability• Transfer capability to global production internet
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Internet2 Universities206 University Members, March 2005Internet2 Universities206 University Members, March 2005
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High Performance NetworksHigh Performance Networks
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Internet2 PartnershipsInternet2 Partnerships
• Internet2 universities are recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy• Industry• Government• International
• Additional Participation• Over 60 Internet2 Corporate Members• Over 40 Affiliate Members• New Association Member Category• Over 30 International Partners
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Sponsored Education Group ParticipantsSponsored Education Group Participants
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Internet2 Focus AreasInternet2 Focus Areas
Advanced Network Infrastructure• 10 GB Abilene backbone • Advanced regional networks • 100
MB to the desktop • National fiber-optic facility
Middleware• Directories • Authentication • Authorization
Engineering• Multicast • IPv6 • Measurement • New Arch
Advanced Applications• Gigabit+ file transfer • High-end video • Remote
instrumentation • Distributed computation • Virtual co-laboratories • Distance learning • Integrated Communications
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Advanced Applications (high-end, few users)Advanced Applications (high-end, few users)
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• Many ways VoIP can be better… • Multi-media integration• Integration with campus IT assets• Use of IPv6 and Multicast• Fidelity• Addressing• Mobility • Privacy• Survivability • Emergency services
Advanced Communications(less high-end, many users)Advanced Communications(less high-end, many users)
* Drawings by VoIP user, Louis Teitelbaum (age 6)
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Internet2’s Secret SauceInternet2’s Secret Sauce
• Demographics• ~3.8 million students (tech-savvy, talk a lot, adapt easily)• And, by the way, they graduate (tech-transfer à la email)
• Institutional Commitments• Internet2 members have committed to advance IP communications
and promote collaborative apps• Commitment to advance communication way beyond POTS
• Connectivity• Great networking connectivity and campus middleware
• High-bandwidth, low-loss, low-jitter • End-to-end transparency (few NATs)• Emerging middleware infrastructure for authentication & authorization• IPv6 and multicast too!
• Strong commitment to open standards
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SIP.edu Working GroupSIP.edu Working Group
• Fearless Leader• Dennis Baron, MIT (Chair)
sip:[email protected]• Web Site
• http://www.internet2.edu/sip.edu/
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Ends and MeansEnds and Means
• Ends• Grow SIP connectivity in Internet2• Increase value proposition for end-user SIP adoption• Promote SIP and converged identity• Provide a useful service, while supporting R&D
• Means• Cookbook with various “recipes”• Corporate sponsorship and promotional pricing
• Cisco, Avaya, Pulver.com so far• Build community
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• Users should not be burdened with device addresses, when it’s people they care about
• Addresses should be mnemonic and empower enterprises to manage the identities of their users
• sip:[email protected]
• It’s time to put E.164 numbers behind us!
• A.G. Bell did not say:
“+1-617-252-1232, come here. I need you!”
Why Phone NUMBERS?Why Phone NUMBERS?
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SIP.edu Architecture v0.1SIP.edu Architecture v0.1
SIPProxy
SIP-PBXGateway
PBX
INVITE (sip:[email protected])
INVITE(sip:[email protected])
DNS SRV query sip.udp.bigu.edu
telephoneNumberwhere mail=”bob”
PRI / CASbigu.edu
CampusDirectory Bob's Phone
DNSSRV
SIP User Agent
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INVITE (sip:[email protected])
DNS SRV query sip.udp.bigu.edu
bigu.edu
SIP User Agent
locationDB
REGISTER(Contact: 207.75.164.131)
INVITE (sip:[email protected])
SIPProxy
Bob's SIP PhonesSIP
Registrar
IP Voice, Video, IM, ...
If Bob has registered, ring his SIP UAs; Else, call his extension through the PBX.
SIP.edu Architecture v0.2SIP.edu Architecture v0.2
DNSSRV
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Campus DeploymentsCampus Deployments
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SIP.edu Security ConsiderationsSIP.edu Security Considerations
• VoIP is wonderful, but returns us to the bad old days of in-band signaling
• DoS, SPIT, SPIM, Spideo, all concerns• Toll fraud - not so much• SIP.edu community looking seriously at
draft-ietf-sip-identity-05 (Peterson & Jennings) to deter spoofing
• Possible leverage of Shibboleth / InCommon PKI
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Security Should Not Compromise SecuritySecurity Should Not Compromise Security
• CALEA• Tapping boxes could introduce fragility• Tapping boxes could be hacked
• 911• Short-term solutions could delay the deployment of
much better long-term solutions• IP-enabled PSAPs• Better 911: multimedia, testability, low-cost, robustness• Columbia/Texas A&M/Internet2/NENA NG911 project
• Priority and preemption systems• Open new opportunities for DoS attacks• Best-effort is often what you want in a crisis
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SIP.edu Goals RevistedSIP.edu Goals Revisted
• Provide a useful service…• User-to-user connectivity to support mass-
use of new collaborative applications • Eventual evolution of testbed deployments
into production services
• …while supporting R&D• Experimental deployment of new solutions• Access to statistics & measurement data
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Abilene Observatory - SummaryAbilene Observatory - Summary
• History and Motivation• What is the Observatory?
• Collocation Projects• Internet2 and NOC Measurements• Data Collections
• Examples of Research Results• Participation in Research Proposals• Future Directions• Issues• http://abilene.internet2.edu/observatory/
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History and MotivationHistory and Motivation
• Original Abilene racks included measurement devices• Included a single PC• Early OWAMP, surveyor measurements• Optical splitters at some locations
• Motivation was primarily operational• Data collections
• Collected and maintained by the NOC• How is the network performing?• Available to other network operators • Data also proved valuable for research purposes
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History and MotivationHistory and Motivation
• An important decision was made during the last upgrade process (Juniper T-640 routers and OC-192c)• Two racks, one dedicated to measurement platform• Potential for research community to collocate
• Created two components to the Observatory• Collocation - research groups are able to collocate
equipment in the Abilene router nodes• Measurement - data is collected by the NOC, the
Ohio ITEC, and Internet2, and made available to the research community
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Abilene router nodeAbilene router node
Power
Out-of-band
Eth. Switch
T-640
(M-5)
Power (48VDC)
Measurement Machines
(nms)
Space!
Measurement(Observatory)
Rack
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Dedicated servers at each nodeDedicated servers at each node
• Houston Router Node• NMS machines• PlanetLab
machines
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Collocation Research ProjectsCollocation Research Projects
• PlanetLab – Nodes installed in all Abilene Router Nodes• PlanetLab is a global overlay network for
developing and accessing new network services• Goal is deploy 1000 nodes in a variety of
networks• Designed to support both short-term
experiments and long-running services• Larry Peterson, Princeton University is
Research Lead• http://www.planet-lab.org• Potential new direction using MPLS L2VPNs
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Collocation ProjectsCollocation Projects
• The AMP Project – Active Measurement Platform, Deployed in all Abilene Router Nodes• More than 150 nodes deployed worldwide• Measurements include path, round-trip-time,
packet loss and on demand throughput tests• Project of NLANR/MNA• Tony McGregor NLANR/MNA, Waikato
University is Research Lead• http://amp.nlanr.net
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Collocation ProjectsCollocation Projects
• The PMA Project – Passive Measurement and Analysis, Deployed at Abilene Indianapolis Router Node• Analysis of header traces from over 20 sites,
including OC-192 circuits in Abilene• Header traces of all packets in and out of the
Indianapolis Abilene router – A router clamp• Joerg Micheel, NLANR/MNA, San Diego
Supercomputer Center, UCSD, is research lead• http://pma.nlanr.net • http://pma.nlanr.net/Sites/ipls-2004/
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Measurement CapabilitiesMeasurement Capabilities
•One way latency, jitter, loss• IPv4 and IPv6
•Regular TCP/UDP throughput tests – ~1 Gbps• IPv4 and IPv6; On-demand available (see “pipes”)
•SNMP (NOC)• Octets, packets, errors; collected frequently
•“Netflow” (ITEC Ohio)• Addresses anonymized by 0-ing the low order 11 bits
•Multicast beacon with historical data•Routing data
• Both IGP and BGP - Measurement device participates in both• Japanese research techniques on routing research were
implemented
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Databases – Date TypesDatabases – Date Types
• Data is collected locally and stored in a distributed databases
• Databases• Usage Data• Netflow Data • Routing Data • Latency Data • Throughput Data • Router Data • Syslog Data
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Databases - InterfaceDatabases - Interface
•Variety of Interfaces to data•Simple web based for usage data•Rsync for netflow•Simple web based for routing data•SOAP interface for latency data•SOAP interface for throughput data•SOAP interface for Router data•Syslog data still under development
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“SIP.edu Observatory”?“SIP.edu Observatory”?
• Could the Abilene Observatory be leveraged to support VoIP security research?
• Are additional data (e.g. anonymized proxy logs) needed to support VoIP security research?
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