SEPARATE BUT EQUAL? Legalized Segregation in the US.

SEPARATE BUT EQUAL?

Legalized Segregation in the US

Segregation

Separation of facilities, services, and opportunities along racial lines. Bathrooms Libraries Schools Restaurants Theatres Busses Waiting Rooms Etc.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Homer Plessy was 1/8 African-American

He was denied a seat in a railroad car reserved for white passengers.

He sued the railroad company for discrimination

Supreme Court sided with railroad

“Separate but Equal” is upheld by Supreme Court

Life for African Americans

Jim Crow Laws: local and state laws which created separate facilities for African Americans Bathrooms Schools Housing Public entrances Etc.

Dallas Bus Station, 1950’s

Mississippi Train Station, 1961

North Carolina bus sign, 1956

Segregated Bus in Texas, 1956

Tennessee Rest Stop, 1943

North Carolina Restaurant, 1939

Segregated drinking Fountains, 1950

African American School in Georgia, 1941

All White Classroom, 1950s

African American School Bus in Virginia

White school bus in New York

Typical Georgia Tenant Farmer home, 1941

Model Home by Sears, 1930s

Race Relations

African Americans had to yield the sidewalk to white pedestrians, and black men had to remove their hats for white women.

Voting Restrictions

Voting restrictions: laws which denied legal voting rights to African Americans

NoticeApplications for Registration must be completely filled out without any assistance or suggestions

of any person or memorandum.After 10 days applicants’ names and

addresses are published for two consecutive weeks in the newspaper. They cannot be ruled on for 14 days after the second publication.

Therefore it can take as long as 33 days before we can give you an answer as to your application being accepted or rejected.

Your indulgence is appreciated.The Registrar.

Voting Restrictions

Literacy Tests Poll Tax Grandfather

Clause

Segregation of Schools

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954)

Linda Brown, 9, had to walk to an all black school 21 blocks away instead of going to an all white school 4 blocks from her house.

SEPARATE but EQUAL???

The Supreme Court unanimously struck down segregation as unconstitutional. 2nd emancipation 12 million children

in 21 states

Violence in the South

Lynching: an illegal hanging, without trial, usually carried out by a mob

Between 1865 and 1965 over

2400 African Americans were lynched in the United States

Emmitt Till

Chicago youth, Emmitt Till went to Alabama to visit family in 1955

Till “incorrectly” spoke to a white women, resulting in his lynching

Emmitt Till

Millions showed up at the funeral and witnessed his badly mutilated body

Till’s body, along with the release of the murderers, sparked the civil rights movement all over the country