Top Banner
Wireless Sensor Networks
24
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Networks

Page 2: Sensor networks

Summary

Introduction

1. Sensor Networks

2. Architecture

3. Application Domain

4. Protocol

2/24

Conclusion

Page 3: Sensor networks

Introduction

3/24

It was noted that routing data from one sensor to the central controller required a costly and cumbersome cabling

The progress made in microelectronics and wireless communication technologies, have produced a reasonable cost components called micro-sensors

The deployment of several micro-sensors to collect and transmit environmental data to one or more collection points, is a network of wireless sensors.

Page 4: Sensor networks

Summary

Introduction

1. Sensor Networks

2. Architecture

3. Application Domain

4. Protocol

2/24

Conclusion

Page 5: Sensor networks

Wireless Sensor

networks

What’s a Wireless Sensor networks ?

5/24

A special type of ad

hoc networks

Capture and transmit

environmental data

autonomously

A large number of

micro-sensors

Page 6: Sensor networks

What’s the environmental data?

Luminosity

vibration

Environmental data

TemperaturePressure

sound

6/24

Page 7: Sensor networks

How it works the sensor networks

Phase 1Phase 1 Phase 2Phase 2 Phase 3Phase 3

The data are captured by different nodes.

Routing data through a multi-hop to a collection point called “sink”.

This collection of "skin" is connected to the user via web or satellite

7/24

Page 8: Sensor networks

Summary

Introduction

1. Sensor Networks

2. Architecture

3. Application Domain

4. Protocol

2/24

Conclusion

Page 9: Sensor networks

Architecture of a Sensor Network(1/2)

9/24

Page 10: Sensor networks

Architecture of a Sensor Network(2/2)

10/24

Page 11: Sensor networks

Architecture of a mote

Page 12: Sensor networks

The Control Unit of Energy

The Transmission Unit

The Processing Unit

The Control Unit

Architecture of a mote

12/24

Page 13: Sensor networks

Architecture of a micro-sensor (1/2)

The capture unit : generally composed of two sub-units: the sensor and an Analog / Digital. The sensor is responsible for providing analog signals based on the phenomenon observed in Analog / Digital. This converts the signals into a digital signal understood by the processing unit.

The processing unit :includes a processor generally associated with a small storage unit and works using an operating system designed for micro-sensors. This unit is responsible for implementing the communications protocols that allow the node to collaborate with other network nodes. It can also analyze data collected to reduce the workload of the node wells.

13/24

Page 14: Sensor networks

Architecture of a micro-sensor (2/2)

The transmission unit : This unit is responsible for conducting all transmitting and receiving data over a wireless medium. It can be either optical or radio-frequency type.

The control unit of Energy : She is responsible for distributing the energy available to other modules and reduce expenses by pausing the active components for example. This unit can also handle systems of charging energy from the observed environment such as solar cells, to extend the total lifetime of the network.

14/24

Page 15: Sensor networks

Summary

Introduction

1. Sensor Networks

2. Architecture

3. Application Domain

4. Protocol

15/24

Conclusion

Page 16: Sensor networks

www.themegallery.com

2:Securityapplication

4:Medical Application

Applications Domain

1: Military applications

3:Environmental

application

5:Commercial application

Location of combatants, vehicles and weapons on the

battlefield

It may be used to monitor patients from a

distance

• Report a possible outbreak of fire

• Detect dry areas

Detect movements of the earth to predict earthquake

Facilitate stock management

16/24

Page 17: Sensor networks

17/24

Page 18: Sensor networks

18/24

Page 19: Sensor networks

Summary

Introduction

1. Sensor Networks

2. Architecture

3. Application Domain

4. Protocol

19/24

Conclusion

Page 20: Sensor networks

Protocol

The protocol exploited in wireless sensor networks is Zigbee:

ZigBee is a protocol for high-level communications of small radio stations (with reduced consumption), based on the IEEE 802.15.4 networks for personal dimension (Wireless Personal Area Networks: WPAN).

We find this protocol in "embedded systems" where consumption is a criterion of selection. It is known by his reduced consumption.

20/24

Page 21: Sensor networks

ZigBee stack

The PHY layer has been designed for high integration needs at low cost.

The MAC (Media Access Control) has been designed to integrate multiple topologies without complexity.

The NWK layer has been designed to allow the network to expand with transmitters at low power consumption and to manage a large number of nodes with a very low latency.

The ZigBee application layer consists of layers sublayer Application Support (APS), ZigBee Device Object (ZDO) and the Application Framework defined

by the manufacturers.

21/24

Page 22: Sensor networks

Summary

Introduction

1. Sensor Networks

2. Architecture

3. Application Domain

4. Protocol

22/24

Conclusion

Page 23: Sensor networks

Conclusion

A problem related to the location is the placement of nodes in a sensor network, that mean how to position the nodes to each other.

With the new technology, it has found the best way to improve the environment.

23/24

Page 24: Sensor networks

LOGO

Thank you for your attention