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KRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE “MOBILE TELIVISION” SUBMITTED TO:- PROF. S.B BAJPAYEE SUBMITTED BY:- PRASHANT SINGH GAUTAM() RAHUL MEHROTRA() 4/4/2011
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Page 1: seminar report

KRISHNA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

“MOBILE TELIVISION”

SUBMITTED TO:- PROF. S.B BAJPAYEE

SUBMITTED BY:-PRASHANT SINGH GAUTAM()RAHUL MEHROTRA()

4/4/2011

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This project report could not have

been prepared without the help and encouragement

from various people. Hence for the same reason I

would like to thank my faculties and my seniors

without whom this report would have been a difficult

task .It was for support that I got proper guidelines

preparing my presentation . I would also like to thank

my parents who helped me directly or indirectly…

PRASHANT SINGH GAUTAM (0816131412)

RAHUL MEHROTRA(0816131)

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INDEX

1. OBJECTIVE

2. INTRODUCTION

3. MOTIVATION

4. ISSUES

5. DVB-H

INTRODUCTION

FEATURES

IMPLEMENTATION

MARKET

EXPOSURE

6. MEDIA FLOW

INTRODUCTION

7. DMB-T

8. SUMMARY

9. CONCLUSION

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PREFACE This project report is on the topic mobile television

which sub divided into seven parts each and every

par is bean deeply studied from the standard books

and pages on the web for the simplicity of the reader

each and every part is sub divided into headings with

simple block diagrams and charts .we hope that our

hard work will be appreciated by our teachers .Any

suggestions for the improvement of this project report

will be thankfully appreciated .

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1. OBJECTIVE

Along with the progressive digital TV broadcasting technology, TV viewing is no longer

restricted by time or space; the new trend is to watch digital TV programs through

wireless mobile devices. So in this report we will discuss benefits of the contemporary

mobile television over conventional movement restricted Television.

2. INTRODUCTION

Mobile TV is the wireless transmission and reception of television content – video and

voice – to platforms that are either moving or capable of moving.  Mobile TV allows

viewers to enjoy personalized, interactive television with content specifically adapted to

the mobile medium. The features of mobility and personalized consumption distinguish

mobile TV from traditional television services.  The experience of viewing TV over

mobile platforms differs in a variety of ways from traditional television viewing,

most notably in the size of the viewing screen.

The technologies used to provide mobile TV services are digitally based, the terms

unicast and multicast are used in the same way they are used for IPTV.  That is,

unicasting is transmission to a single subscriber, while multicasting sends content to

multiple users.  These definitions also correspond to those given for similar Internet-

based applications. For network operators, the challenge has become: ‘How can large-

scale delivery of high-quality multimedia to wireless devices be implemented

profitably?’Although delivery of this type of content is technically feasible over today's

existing unicast networks such as 3G, these networks cannot support the volume and type

of traffic required for a fully realized multimedia delivery service (many channels

delivered on a mass market scale). Offloading multicast (one-to-many) multimedia traffic

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to a dedicated broadcast network is more efficient and less costly than deploying similar

services over 3G networks.[1]

Hence, various mobile TV standards can be designed to optimize the delivery of mobile

TV. These systems are either totally terrestrially based, completely satellite based or a

combination of both. Some of the standards include Digital Video Broadcasting-

Handheld (DVB-H), Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB), Integrated Services

Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (ISDB-T) and Media FLO.

The standards employ advanced modulation techniques such as orthogonal frequency

division multiplexing and are interoperable with mobile telecommunication networks.

3. MOTIVATION

The development of multimedia coding technologies and mobile device implementation

technologies makes it possible to serve a new multimedia broadcasting service over a

mobile environment. Digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB), digital video broadcasting-

handheld (DVB-H), and Media FLO were recently proposed for mobile multimedia

broadcasting service The performance targets of these technologies are providing

VCD(video CD) quality video and FM radio quality audio.

There are currently two main ways of delivering mobile TV.  The first is via a two-way

cellular network, and the second is through a one-way, dedicated broadcast network. 

Each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages.  Delivery over an existing

cellular network has the advantage of using an established infrastructure, inherently

reducing deployment costs. At the same time, the operator has ready-made market access

to current cellular subscribers, who can be induced to add mobile TV to the services they

buy.

The main disadvantage of using cellular networks (2G or 3G) is that mobile TV competes

with voice and data services for bandwidth, which can decrease the overall quality of the

mobile operator’s services.  The high data rates that mobile TV demands can severely tax

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an already capacity-limited cellular system.   Also, one cannot assume that existing

mobile handsets can receive mobile TV applications without major redesign and

replacement.  Issues such as screen size, received signal strength, battery power, and

processing capability may well drive the mobile TV market to design hand-held receivers

that provide a higher quality of voice and video than is available on most current cellular

handsets.

Many 2G mobile service operators and most 3G mobile service providers are providing

VOD or streaming video.  These services are mainly unicast, with limited transmission

capacity.  They are built upon the underlying technologies used in the mobile cellular

system itself – GSM, WCDMA, or CDMA2000. An example of a technology designed to

work on a 3G network is Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS), a multicast

distribution system that can operate in a unicast or multicast mode. Mobile TV services

over existing GSM and WCDMA cellular networks operates in the 5 MHz WCDMA

bandwidth, and it supports six parallel, real-time broadcast streaming services of

128 kbit/s each, per 5 MHz radio channel.[1]

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Comparison of Video Services over Mobile Networks [1]

Over 3G Network Over Dedicated

Network

Network

Technology Platform

Receiver device

Status of roll-out

3rd generation mobile

networks

MBMS

Requires a standard 3G

cellular phone

Relatively wide availability

—service is available to any

One way dedicated

broadcast network  .

Media FLO

DVB-H/SH

DMB

Requires a new dual-mode

handset capable of

receiving the broadcast

signal and the cellular

signal for phone calls and

mobile Internet access.

Limited availability in

certain countries; trial

stages elsewhere.

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Relative Limitations

3G subscriber on a network

offering mobile TV

3G network may not be able

to support mobile TV traffic

as the number of 3G voice

and data users grow.

Cost of building a

dedicated network.

Services Live television

VOD, instant messaging

Video Production Professional videos

4. ISSUES

Three issues have been studied regarding the mobile TV system:

(1) TV signal transmission technology and how to enhance TV signal fault-tolerance or

increase signal transport efficiency in order to improve display quality of TV programs;

(2) Mobile TV application developments and provision of personal context aware

services, recommending suitable TV programs according to user habits and preferences

of watching TV;

(3) How to enhance display quality, provide smooth TV programming if delays occur,

and reduce power consumption in mobile TV players

Concerning power-saving issues, two parts are discussed:

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(1) Components of receiving TV signals, how to design receiver startup schedule while

receiving a TV program signal to save receiver power;

(2) Design a power-saving play mechanism according to TV program signal features,

after received TV signal is converted to digital data by the demodulator.

Hence, these issues can be resolved by using special dedicated networks for multimedia

broadcasting on mobile TV.[3]

Few of them are-:

Digital Video Broadcasting-Handheld (DVB-H),

Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB), and

Media FLO

DVB-H has been identified as the mobile TV standard in most of Europe, due to

its compatibility with GSM and WCDMA mobile standards.  T-DMB is being

used in the Republic of Korea, Indonesia and parts of Europe, and a satellite

version of the technology (S-DMB) is operating in the Republic of Korea.[1]

5. DVB-H

5.1 Introduction

DVB-H is a broadcast/multicast technology that is a derivative of the existing DVH-T

(digital terrestrial) standard, but designed for use with mobile devices. [2]Digital Video

Broadcasting-Handheld (DVB-H) is based on Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial

(DVB-T) specification and provides a solution to lower receiver power consumption and

improves mobile receiving performance. The common routes with DVB-T offer a major

advantage as where there are existing DVB-T implementations adding DVB-H is cheaper

than implementing a system from scratch.

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5.2 Features

DVB-H is officially endorsed by the European Union as the "preferred technology for

terrestrial mobile broadcasting or digital terrestrial television with additional features to

meet the specific requirements of handheld, battery-powered receivers. In 2002 four main

requirements of the DVB-H system were agreed: broadcast services for portable and

mobile usage with 'acceptable quality'; a typical user environment, and so geographical

coverage, as mobile radio; access to service while moving in a vehicle at high speed (as

well as imperceptible handover when moving from one cell to another); and as much

compatibility with existing digital terrestrial television (DVB-T), to allow sharing of

network and transmission equipment.

5.3 Implementation

This system is implemented in two major parts: a front-end buffer control mechanism

and a parallel DVB-H TV signal decoding model. When receiving a DVB-H TV program

signal from a base station, signal is demodulated to generate video and audio data. As

video bit rate, quality, and resolution are directly related to content complexity, running

too many buffers will consume power, while too few buffers will cause the program to

fail to be played successfully. The parallel DVB-H TV signal decoding model uses a data

partition processing method to run parallel DSP decoding of DVB-H videos on a

heterogeneous multi-core platform. It also schedules videos according to the DVB-H

video features, in order to reduce data dependency among the frames on a multicore

platform. (refer to figure1).

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Figure 2 shows the outline of the DVB-H/T system specifications for common TV

broadcasting programs using the DVBT signal transfer mode. Senders can use an A/D

converter to convert the analog video and audio signals to a digital signal, respectively,

and use a Moving Picture Experts Group 2 (MPEG-2) codec technique to convert TV

program data into MPEG-2 format. DVB-H service data are compressed

and encapsulated into an IP packet then encapsulated into the transmission stream

through a Multiprotocol Encapsulation (MPE) mechanism. Meanwhile, the time slicing

data stream is added. Along with other DVB-T TV services, the multiplexer multiplexes

it into a larger transmission stream (or multiple program transmission stream) before

sending the data in a DVB wireless network. At the receiver, if a client wants to receive

certain services, the receiver front-end circuit must run continuously in order to obtain the

complete transmission stream. Then, the demultiplexer extracts the video, audio, and data

information streams of the selected programs and delivers this information to the video

decoder, audio decoder, and other applications for processing. The sender Multi-Protocol

Encapsulation-Forward

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Error Correction (MPE-FEC) and time slicing mechanisms are collectively called the

DVB-H IP- Encapsulator, while the receiver reverse recovery portion is called the DVB-

H IP Decapsulator. The IP data container format for each layer of DVB-H has an IP

packet in the MPE section and redundant data in the FEC section. After Section format

encapsulation, the MPE and FEC sections are connected end to end according to the

encapsulating sequence to form a section data string. Then, it begins to slice the first and

all of the other 184 bytes of each section data string. A 4-byte transmission stream header

is added to the front of the 184-byte data length in order to complete a transmission

stream encapsulation or MPEG2 transmission stream packet. Its data length is 188 bytes,

with two major parts. The first is a data front-end header that occupies a 4-byte length

with the available information, including a Sync. Byte = 47 hex for synchronizing the

emitter and receiver, error indications, and stream packet recognition. The second part is

the data transfer payload, which length is 184 bytes.

One ideal parallel process could double the system processing efficiency. As the video

image format contained in the DVB-H TV signal is an H.264 baseline format, In H.264

decoding, pictures are divided into I frame, P frame, and B frame, where P frame is

decoded according to the I frame picture data, and the B frame refers to the picture data

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of the I frame and the P frame. Unless there is good parallel processing, data collision

will occur. When decoding two interdependent pictures, even when both pictures are

simultaneously processed, the other picture must wait for a decoded reference before

decoding. Therefore, how to utilize parallel processing to shorten the operation waiting

time is

the focus of many studies. However, DVB-H does promise significantly better quality

and potentially lower pricing for consumers, while the interactive features, in-built

program guide and recording abilities also promise a much better user experience.[3]

5.4 Market Exposure

DVB-H has a stronger position in the European and Asian markets. Commercial services

have already launched in Italy on three of the major mobile networks and other countries

including Spain, France and Germany are set to follow. Future DVB-H devices may blur

the line between mobile and fixed TV services.[2]

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6. MEDIA FLO

6.1 Introduction

The Media FLO system is an end-to-end mobile broadcasting technology that can deliver

high-quality video to any mobile device. [5]The "FLO" part of the name is an acronym

for Forward Link Only. Forward Link is another term for the downlink connection on a

mobile phone, meaning that the system only sends data to the mobile devices and does

not receive any data back from it.[9] Currently, the only commercially released devices

that can receive the Media FLO signal are mobile phones, but the technology is capable

of sending the signal to any device equipped with a Media FLO receiver. Qualcomm®,

an innovator in wireless technologies, has demonstrated the broadcast of a Media FLO

signal on several mobile devices that are NOT tied to any cellular network.[5] In the US,

Qualcomm will broadcast its service on what used to be UHF Channel 55, which is

roughly the 700MHz frequency band.[9]

FLO technology was designed specifically for the efficient and economical distribution

of the same multimedia content to millions of wireless subscribers simultaneously. It

actually reduces the cost of delivering such content and enhances the user experience,

allowing consumers to “surf” channels of content on the same mobile handsets they use

for traditional cellular voice and data services, also works in concert with existing

cellular data networks, FLO effectively addresses the issues in delivering multimedia

content to a mass consumer audience. Unencumbered by legacy terrestrial or satellite

delivery formats, this technology offers better performance for mobility and spectral

efficiency than other mobile broadcast technologies, offering twice the channel capacity.

The FLO service is designed to provide the user with a viewing experience similar to a

television viewing experience by providing a familiar type of program -guide user

interface. ). One of the key features of this multicasting technology is that it requires

about half as many base stations as in a regular cellular network. Unencumbered by

legacy terrestrial or satellite delivery formats, FLO offers better performance for mobility

and spectral efficiency with minimal power consumption.[7]

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Today’s wireless operator will offer to consumers a service powered ‘behind-the-scenes’

by a Media FLO system based on FLO technology, a FLO-based programming lineup

that utilizes 30 frames-per-second (fps) QVGA (a Quarter Video Graphics Array or

240x320 pixels) with stereo audio includes 14 real-time streaming video channels of

wide-area content (ex: national content) and 5 real-time streaming video channels of local

market-specific content. This can be delivered concurrently with 50 nationwide non-real-

time channels (consisting of pre-recorded content) and 15 local non-real-time channels,

with each channel providing up to 20 minutes of content per day. non-real-time content

can be delivered in the background seamlessly and made available for viewing in

accordance with a provided program guide. The allocation between local and wide-area

content is flexible and may vary during the course of the programming day. The delivery

of non-real-time content allows immediate access to music, weather or news summaries

by topic while real-time streaming services support live events such as sports. In addition

to wide-area and local content, a large number of Internet Protocol (IP) data channels can

be included in the programming line-up. Such channels may include (but are not limited

to) traffic information, financial information or local weather updates.

The ability to change channels quickly is considered a key user requirement. Equally

important is watch time, which is designed to be comparable to talk time, if not longer, so

as not to compromise the functionality of the mobile device. In addition to viewing high-

quality video and audio content and IP data, the user may also have access to related

interactive services, including the option to purchase a music album, ring tone, or

download of a song featured in a music program. The user may also be able to purchase

access to on-demand video programming, above and beyond the content featured on the

program guide. The Media FLO system, based on FLO technology, is able to deliver such

a rich variety of content choice to consumers while efficiently utilizing spectrum as well

as effectively managing capital and operating expenses for the service provider.[6]

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6.2 MediaFLO System Architecture

A Media FLO system is comprised of four sub-systems: the Network Operation Center

(which consists of a National Operations Center and one or more Local Operation

Centers), FLO Transmitters, 3G Network, and FLO-enabled devices (also known as FLO

Handsets).

6.2.1 Network Operation Center

The Network Operation Center consists of the central facility(s) of the FLO network,

including the National Operations Center (NOC) and one or more Local Operation

Centers (LOC). The NOC can include the billing, distribution, and content-management

infrastructure for the network. The NOC manages various elements of the network and

serves as an access point for national and local content providers to distribute wide area

content and program guide information to mobile devices. It also manages user-service

subscriptions, the delivery of access and encryption keys, and provides billing

information to cellular operators. The Network Operation Center may include one or

more LOCs to serve as an access point from which local content providers can distribute

local content to mobile devices in the associated market area.[6]

6.2.2 FLO Transmitters

Each transmitter transmits FLO waveforms to deliver content to mobile devices.[6]

6.2.3 3 G Network

The 3G network belongs to the wireless operator(s) and supports interactive services to

allow mobile devices to communicate with the NOC in order to facilitate service

subscriptions and access key distribution.[6]

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6.2.4 FLO-Enabled Devices

FLO-enabled devices can receive FLO waveforms containing subscribed content services

and program-guide information. FLO-enabled devices are primarily cell phones, which

are actually multipurpose devices that serve as telephones, address books, Internet

portals, gaming consoles, etc.

Of all the various cell phone functions, the most important remains the ability to make

and receive phone calls. Because all applications on a mobile device share common

resources—the most important of which is battery power—a service that wastes that

power will quickly fail. FLO has been designed specifically to optimize power

consumption through intelligent integration on the device and optimized delivery over the

network.[6]

6.3 Media FLO System Overview

6.3.1 Content Acquisition and Distribution

In a FLO network, content that is representative of a linear real-time channel is received

directly from content providers, typically via a C-band satellite in MPEG-21 format (704

or 720 x 480 or 576 pixels), utilizing off-the-shelf infrastructure equipment. This is the

most common format utilized by programmers, making it relatively simple for content

providers to interface with a FLO System. The use of a standard definition as a source

content provides sufficient resolution to allow for efficient transcoding to H.2642 QVGA

resolution supported by the FLO network.

Non-real-time content is received by a content server, typically via an IP link, and then

reformatted into FLO packet streams and redistributed over a Single Frequency Network

(SFN). This distribution of the FLO packet streams is facilitated by the MediaFLO Media

Distribution System (MDS). This non-real-time content is delivered according to a pre-

arranged schedule.

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The transport mechanism for the distribution of this content to the FLO transmitter may

be via satellite, fiber, etc. At one or more locations in the target market, the content is

received and the FLO packets are converted to FLO waveforms and radiated out to the

devices in the market via FLO Transmitters. If any local content is provided, it will be

combined with the wide area content and radiated out to the target market.

Only those devices that have subscribed to the service may receive the content, which in

turn can be stored on the mobile device for future viewing, in accordance with a service

program guide, or as a linear feed of content, delivered in real-time to the device. This

content may consist of high-quality video (QVGA) and audio (MPEG-4 HE-AAC3) as

well as IP data streams. A 3G cellular network is required to provide control functions to

support interactivity and facilitate user authorization to the service. Equally important,

the 3G network provides a basis for interactivity, including purchase and download

transactions.[6]

6.3.2 Power Consumption Optimization

FLO technology simultaneously optimizes power consumption, frequency diversity4, and

time diversity5. Other similar, but less efficient, systems optimize one or two of these

parameters but ultimately compromise the others. FLO has a unique capability that

allows it to access a small fraction of the total signal transmitted without compromising

either frequency or time diversity. As a result of these considerations, it is expected that a

FLO-enabled mobile device can achieve comparable battery life to a conventional

cellular phone; that is, a few hours of viewing and talk time and a few days of stand-by

time per battery charge.

The FLO air interface employs Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) to transmit each

content stream at specific intervals within the FLO waveform. The mobile device

accesses overhead information to determine at which time intervals a desired content

stream is transmitted. The mobile device receiver circuitry only powers up during the

time periods in which the desired content stream is transmitted; at all other times it is

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powered down. The receiver ON/OFF duty cycle is expected to be relatively low or

immaterial, depending on the media content size and data rate used.

FLO technology minimizes program channel acquisition time.[6]

6.3.3 Wide- and Local-Area Content

FLO supports the coexistence of local and wide-area coverage within a single Radio

Frequency (RF) channel.

The content that is of common interest to all the subscribers in a wide-area network is

synchronously transmitted by all of the transmitters. Content of regional or local interest

can be carried in a specific market. This per market control is a key feature, offering the

ability to blackout and retune based on any contractual obligations associated with

specific programming.[6]

6.4 Media FLO Technology Accessories

Qualcomm, an innovator in wireless technologies, has demonstrated the broadcast of a

Media FLO signal on several mobile devices that are NOT tied to any cellular network.

FLO™ technology is an open standard. Various devices compatible to MediaFLO are

there

Personal media player Media FLO Wi-Fi Accessory Mini-USB Accessory and many more.

6.4.1 Mini-USB Accessory

A separate, yet dedicated device such as the Media FLO Mini-USB Accessory with mini-

USB interface has several advantages over a converged device. The ultra portable design

allows users to plug it into any

supported mobile device and watch streaming television and video anywhere the Media

FLO signal can be received.[5]

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7. DMB-T

7.1 Introduction

DMB stands for Digital Multimedia Broadcasting and is a suite of systems used to send

television and similar media programming over the air to mobile devices. DMB provided

the first commercial

digital mobile video broadcasting service of its kind in the world. S-DMB is a version

that makes use of satellites, while T-DMB uses terrestrial (ground based) transmitters..[8]

T-DMB system was technically approved by the World DAB forum in November 2004

and finally published as an ETSI standard in June 2005. The DMB system defines the interactive data service functionality in order to provide

additional information suitable for a display size and to prepare convergent services

between broadcasting and

Telecommunications. To meet the requirements of T-DMB, international standards for

multimedia service and a more robust channel coding scheme were applied to the

traditional DAB system.

One of the key features of this multicasting technology is that it requires about half as

many base stations as in a regular cellular network(of media FLO technology).

7.2 Technical Explanation

The standard is officially called Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast (abbreviated

as DTMB). The standard was formerly named Digital Multimedia Broadcast-

Terrestrial/Handheld (abbreviated as DMB-T/H). The data transmission methodology

implemented by the standard is TDS-OFDM (short for "Time Domain Synchronous-

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing"), which is primarily a multiple-carrier

modulation technology, supporting both single-carrier and dual-carrier modulation

schemes. DMB transmissions can be sent employing S-DMB(satellite Digital Media

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Broadcasting) for outdoor coverage and T-DMB(terrestrial Digital Media Broadcasting)

for urban area and indoor coverage. DMB utilizes H.264 codec for video compression

and BSAC or V2 for audio compression. The compressed audio and video is then

transmitted in an MPEG2 stream as in DVB-H. To overcome the problems mobility

introduced, T-DMB uses Forward Error Correction (FEC) like DVB-T. Time-slicing is

used to achieve burst transmissions and this will enable power saving at the receiver.

Despite the advantages, there are also shortcomings. Because the standard supports both

single-carrier and dual-carrier modulation schemes, and because it does not define default

video encoding standards, the R&D cost and complexity of IC chipsets for this standard

will be higher, leading to more expensive receiver products.[11]

7.3 Market Exposure

While it is running in trials in other countries, including some European ones, it is

primarily used only in South Korea. The key difference between the South Korean and

European standards is the way the video signal is transported.[8]

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8. FUTURE OF MOBILE TELEVISION

The future of mobile television lies in the combination of both unicast and multicast

services available.[2]

9. SUMMARYStandards that form the basis for dedicated mobile television networks are following-:

9.1 DVB-H

It is based on the DVB-T digital broadcast standard and is optimized for handheld

terminals.  DVB-H incorporates time-slicing to reduce power consumption and to allow

time for a smooth handover from one cell to another.  It is designed to operate in

bandwidths of 5 MHz, 6 MHz, 7 MHz, and 8 MHz, which correspond to the bandwidths

used by broadcasting services around the world.

9.2 Terrestrial Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (T-DMB)

It is an enhancement of the T-DAB system to provide multimedia services including

video, audio, and interactive data services for handheld receivers in a mobile

environment. It operates in a channel bandwidth of 1.712 MHz and is completely

backward-compatible with the T-DAB system for audio services.

9.3 Media Forward Link Only (Media FLO)

It is an end-to end system that enables broadcasting of video streams, audio-only streams,

digital multimedia files, and data-casting to mobile devices, including handheld

receivers.  The system is designed to optimize coverage, capacity, and power

consumption for handheld receivers.  It can operate in channel bandwidths of 5 MHz, 6

MHz, 7 MHz, or 8 MHz.[1]

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10. CONCLUSION We can conclude from the above study that deployment of mobile television over

dedicated networks is suitable in most of the cases over 3G networks and moreover

depending upon the requirement of the application various dedicated technologies are

available which can be compared as follows-

Comparison of various technologies.

Mobile TV

Solutions

3G-MBMS

Digital

Video

Streaming

on 3G

T- DMB

Terrestrial – Digital

Multimedia

Broadcasting

MediaFLO

Media

Forward

Link

Only

DVB-H

Digital

Video

Broadcast

to the

Handset’

Transmitter

3G

Network

RepeaterTerrestrial

Transmitter

FLO

Transmitter

Digital

Terrestrial

TV

Transmitter

Data Rate 384 Kbps 1.4 Mbps 11 Mbps 11 Mbps

Coverage(1Tx) Up to 2Km 22-40 Km Up to 25Km Up to

25Km

Primary Use Worldwide Korea/Europe US Europe

REFERENCES

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1. What is mobile TV?- www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/Section.3427.html

2. Nokia N77 Preview - DVB-H Mobile TV Handset-

www.allaboutsymbian.com/.../Nokia_N77_Preview-DVB-

H_Mobile_TV_Handset.php

3. Power-Aware DVB-H Mobile TV System on Heterogeneous Multicore Platform-

www.hindawi.com/journals/wcn/2010/812356.html

4. White Paper - DVB-H Broadcast to Mobile Devives- http://ispa-sat.ru/info/DVB-

H_White_Paper.pdf

5. MediaFLO™ Technology Accessories-

www.qualcomm.com/common/documents/.../MFT_Accessories_MWC09.pdf

6. FLOTM TECHNOLOGY

OVERVIEW-www.mediaflo.com/news/pdf/tech_overview.pdf

7. Creating a Mobile Broadcast Platform - MediaFLO-

www.mediaflo.com/news/.../mft_sys_prod_overview_brochure.pdfs

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