Seminar on Hydrogen powered Technologies

Seminar onHydrogen Powered

Technologies

Submitted To : Submitted By :Dr. Raj Kumar Sahil GargDr. Ajay Kumar 12001004055

Mechanical Engineering

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Introduction Hydrogen cars are basically electric cars. They have electric motors that drive the wheels just like an electric car but the difference lies in the battery. Whereas an electric car stores its electricity in a conventional battery (usually lithium ion or nickel metal hydride), hydrogen cars store their electricity in the form of hydrogen and convert it back to electricity in what’s known as a fuel cell.

What makes a hydrogen car possible is a device called a Fuel cell, which converts hydrogen to electricity, giving off only heat and water as by products. Because it's non-polluting, hydrogen seems like the ideal fuel for the 21st century.

A hydrogen fuel cell creates a chemical reaction with the hydrogen that generates electricity, water and heat. Just like an electric car,

there are no harmful exhaust emissions. 12001004055/ Hydrogen Powered Technologies

312001004055/ Hydrogen Powered Technologies

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Status of development of Hydrogen Energy in India• Hydrogen energy is at present only at the Research, Development and

Demonstration (RD&D) stage. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is supporting a broad based RD&D projects on different aspects of hydrogen energy technologies including hydrogen production, its storage and utilization for stationary, motive and portable power generation applications using internal combustion engines and fuel cell technologies. The focus of RD&D efforts in this area is directed towards development of new materials, processes, components, sub-systems and systems.

• As a result of RD&D efforts made in the area of hydrogen energy, laboratory level prototypes of hydrogen fuelled motorcycles, three wheelers, engine-generator sets, and water/methanol electrolysers for hydrogen production have been developed. About 15 hydrogen fuelled motorcycles are being demonstrated in the campus of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Hydrogen catalytic combustion cookers have been developed. Facilities for dispensing hydrogen blended compressed natural gas fuel have been set up in Faridabad and Delhi.

• The Ministry of Science and Technology, CSIR Laboratories, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Defence Research & Development Organizations, Indian Space Research Organization, Oil & Gas companies, Department of Atomic Energy and private sector automobile companies are also involved in the research, development and demonstration programme related to hydrogen.


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Honda FCX Clarity


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Toyota Mirai



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Fuel Cell


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Differences between Fuel Cell cars and other vehicles

• Battery electric vehicles – drive emissions-free can use existing infrastructure to recharge, but

must be plugged in for extended periods of time• Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles – drive short distances on electricity-only, switching

to liquid fuel for longer trips not as clean as battery electric or fuel cell

vehicles, plug-in hybrids produce significantly less pollution than their conventional counterparts

• Conventional hybrids – derive all their power from gasoline and diesel


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Vehicles based on this Technology

Toyota Mirai in Japan at the end of 2014 Tata Motors and ISRO have already developed a hydrogen bus which is

being tested in India. The bus was expected to get on road in 2015 In March 2015, China South Rail Corporation (CSR) demonstrated the

world's first hydrogen fuel cell-powered tramcar at an assembly facility in Qingdao.

In July 2010 Boeing unveiled its hydrogen powered Phantom Eye UAV, powered by two Ford internal combustion engines that have been converted to run on hydrogen.

Liquid hydrogen and oxygen were also used in the Space Shuttle to run the fuel cells that power the electrical systems . The by product of the fuel cell is water, which is used for drinking and other applications that require water in space


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Hydrogen StorageThe major technological barrier to the development of hydrogen fuel cell cars

Because• Hydrogen has a very low volumetric

energy density at ambient conditions, equal to about one-third that of methane.

• When the fuel is stored as liquid hydrogen in a cryogenic tank the volumetric energy density (mega joules per litre) is small relative to that of gasoline.


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Targets to achieve : The fuel tank system when charged should contain 6%

gravimetric hydrogen density. System should be capable of being recharged at the filling station

in less than 5 min. The hydrogen should be available at the inlet of the fuel cell at a

pressure of a few bar without it being necessary to heat the store to a temperature of more than 50 °C.

Methods analysed • Liquid Hydrogen• High-pressure hydrogen• Solid-state hydride storage• Porous solid adsorption of molecular hydrogen


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• Hydrogen fuel cell cars have no exhaust emissions so they’re great for the kind of local pollutants that contribute to poor air quality in cities around the world.

• Nitrogen oxide, particulates, soot, black carbon, all the nasty stuff churned from the exhausts of petrol and diesel cars that people would rather keep out of their lungs is completely absent from a fuel cell vehicles. You just get a dribble of clean water (that you could drink, if you were absolutely desperate).

Is Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Green


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Couldn’t it be dangerous ?

• The answer is YES. Many motorists do point to with hydrogen is safety and worries about a repeat of the Hindenburg airship disaster from the thirties. However, these are misplaced, as Hayles explained: “The tanks are rated twice as highly [as required] from a safety perspective – you won’t damage one of these in a road accident. It’s an unfair comparison, too, because people get into a petrol car and don’t think about sitting on 50 litres of volatile fuel as they accept this as a danger – hydrogen is no different.”


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Summing Up

Hydrogen Fuel Co - Ballard explains PEM fuel cells - YouTube.MP4


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References• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle• http://

www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042207X06001485

• http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/car-news/93180/hydrogen-cars-can-you-really-live-with-a-fuel-cell-car

• https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fuelcell.shtml• http://www.ucsusa.org/clean-vehicles/electric-vehi

cles/how-do-hydrogen-fuel-cells-work#.VuWvX5x97IV

• http://mnre.gov.in/file-manager/UserFiles/faq_hydrogenenergy.htm


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042207X06001485



http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/car-news/93180/hydrogen-cars-can-you-really-live-with-a-fuel-cell-car



https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fuelcell.shtml

https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fuelcell.shtml

http://www.ucsusa.org/clean-vehicles/electric-vehicles/how-do-hydrogen-fuel-cells-work#.VuWvX5x97IV



http://mnre.gov.in/file-manager/UserFiles/faq_hydrogenenergy.htm



Seminar on Hydrogen powered Technologies

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