February 7, 2007 8th IIEE-CSC Annual National Student C onvention 1 SCADA - DISTRIBUTION SCADA - DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION AUTOMATION ENGR. ALEJANDRO G. GUICO, JR. Manager, SCADA Construction Manila Electric Company
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February 7, 2007 8th IIEE-CSC Annual National Student Convention 1
SCADA - DISTRIBUTION SCADA - DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATIONAUTOMATION
ENGR. ALEJANDRO G. GUICO, JR.
Manager, SCADA Construction
Manila Electric Company
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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline1. Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition (SCADA)
• Functions, Benefits, Applications• Master Station• Substation SCADA
2. Feeder SCADA Extension• Design of SCADA• Feeder SCADA
3. Distribution Automation (DA)• DAS Master Station Advance Applications• DAS Master Station Impact on Customer Satisfaction
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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
4. Manpower Competency Requirements to Support Distribution Automation
• Competency Overview
• Distribution Automation Foundational Disciplines
5. Question & Answer
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What is SCADA?What is SCADA?
A SSupervisory CControl aand DData AAcquisition System is a two-way computerized system for real-time control, monitoring and supervision of remote devices; typically from a continuously manned, central location.
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What is SCADA?What is SCADA?• A Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) System performs the traditional supervisory functions such as the gathering of data and performance of control functions.
• SCADA provides system operators with state of the art tools for a well-informed decision in operating remote substations.
• System operators are able to focus-in on problem areas quickly because real time data is summarized in integrated displays.
• The high data security/accuracy inherent in the system, allows operators to make decisions and take corrective action with utmost confidence.
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Basic Functions of SCADABasic Functions of SCADA
• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory and Logging
• Control
• Report Generation
• Disturbance Trend Logging
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Benefits derived from SCADABenefits derived from SCADA
• Reduced Operating Cost
• Improved Quality of System Performance
• Enhanced System Efficiency
• Enhanced System Security
• Complete, timely, accurate and organized surveillance of system conditions
• Reduced costs of system expansion
• Up-to-date reports and statistics
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Applications of SCADAApplications of SCADA
• Power and Energy
- National Power Corporation(NPC) ; MERALCO
• Oil and Gas
- Oil refineries; Gas pipelines
• Railway
- LRT
• Water
- MAYNILAD
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Electric Power Distribution SystemElectric Power Distribution System
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Electric Power Distribution SystemElectric Power Distribution System
Generation – is the process by which Generation – is the process by which fuels (natural gas, coal, oil, nuclear fuel, fuels (natural gas, coal, oil, nuclear fuel, etc.) or renewable sources of energy etc.) or renewable sources of energy (hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, etc.) are (hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, etc.) are converted into electrical energy.converted into electrical energy.
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Electric Power Distribution SystemElectric Power Distribution System
Transmission – is the process by Transmission – is the process by which the generated electricity is which the generated electricity is moved in bulk from the generation moved in bulk from the generation plant to the wholesale purchaser.plant to the wholesale purchaser.
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Electric Power Distribution SystemElectric Power Distribution System
Distribution – is the process of Distribution – is the process of delivering the power from the wholesale delivering the power from the wholesale purchaser to the retail consumer.purchaser to the retail consumer.
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Electric Power Distribution SystemElectric Power Distribution System
Substations – connect the Substations – connect the transmission system to the distribution transmission system to the distribution system. They are critical junctions and system. They are critical junctions and switching points in the electric system.switching points in the electric system.
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Electric Power Distribution SystemElectric Power Distribution System
Individual services or "drops" Individual services or "drops" connect the distribution system to connect the distribution system to the customer--industrial, commercial, the customer--industrial, commercial, agricultural or residential.agricultural or residential.
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SCADA Master Station
SubstationRTU
Substation SCADA
Communication Channel
Design of Existing SCADA SystemDesign of Existing SCADA System
FUNCTIONALITY:
•Control
•Metering
•Basic Alarm Processing
SubstationRTU
Substation SCADA
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• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and Handling
Master Station FunctionalityMaster Station Functionality
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• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and Handling
Monitoring of analog values and status associated with substation equipment
Master Station FunctionalityMaster Station Functionality
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• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and
• Alarm Annunciation Handling
Master Station FunctionalityMaster Station Functionality
Substation Equipment
TransformersCircuit Breakers BusDisconnect Switches
Transmission/Distribution Lines
Remote Reclosers
Capacitor Banks
Intelligent Electronic DevicesSubstation Battery
Communication UPS
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• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and Handling
Remote Control of substation equipment
Master Station FunctionalityMaster Station Functionality
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• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and Handling
Logging of monitored system events and operator actions
Master Station FunctionalityMaster Station Functionality
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• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Record
• Alarm Annunciation and Handling
Audible and visual alarming for abnormal conditions
Master Station FunctionalityMaster Station Functionality
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Substation SCADASubstation SCADA
RTU/Data Concentrator
SwitchgearSwitchgear
Analog(Transducers)
Digital(Relays)
Alarms/Indication(Relays)
IEDs
Substation Equipment
TransformersCircuit Breakers
BusDisconnect Switches
Transmission/Distribution Lines
Remote Reclosers
Capacitor Banks
Intelligent Electronic DevicesSubstation Battery
Communication UPS
Linkage to Electric Facilities
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Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) Components• Processor Module
• Power Supply Module
• Modem
• Analog Input Module
• Digital Input Module
• Control Output Module
• Pulse Counter Module
Substation SCADASubstation SCADA
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Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) Components
• Interposing Relays
Substation SCADASubstation SCADA
• Transducers
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Meter IEDs – Analog Modules & Transducers Equivalent
Substation SCADASubstation SCADA
• Provides a complete harmonic power quality analysis.
• It could replace transducers and analog input modules in the RTU
• For real-time measurement of electrical power
• Volts, Amps, Frequency, KW, KVAR, KVA, KWH, KVAH, KVARH, PF, %THD, K-Factor, & min/max demand for every instantaneous value.
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MicrowaveMAS Radio
Telephone CableFiber Optic
CableSatellite
Communications Communications ChannelChannel
Communication FacilitiesCommunication Facilities
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Feeder SCADA ExtensionFeeder SCADA Extension
• Design of SCADA
• Feeder SCADA– Remote Controlled Line Switch– Remote Controlled Circuit Recloser– Remote Controlled Line Capacitor– Outage Detector
• Impact of Feeder SCADA
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SCADA System – With Extended SCADA System – With Extended FunctionalityFunctionality
SCADA Master Station
SubstationRTU/SCS/
Data Concentrator
Substation SCADA DA Devices(RCLS, RCCR, RCLC,
RCVR)
Feeder SCADACommunication Channel
AMR/IED
Customer SCADA (Optional)
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Feeder SCADAFeeder SCADA
Communication & Control Unit :
Feeder SCADA DevicesRemote-Controlled Line Switch
It provides the interface between the switch and the master station computer
Remote-Controlled Line Recloser
Microprocessor-based Recloser Control:
It provides operational intelligence for the line recloser
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Feeder SCADAFeeder SCADA
Feeder SCADA Devices
Capacitor Controller
It provides complete control of single step, switched capacitor racks in the electric power distribution systems.
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A Distribution Automation System enables a utility to monitor, coordinate, operate and control distribution systems (system generation, substations, feeders, and distribution load) in a real-time mode from remote locations.
What is Distribution Automation(DA)?What is Distribution Automation(DA)?
Without DA, utilities will do the same tasks manually through system operators and field crews.
DA functions address inherent needs of the electric system. Thus, they outlive changes in technology.
However, DA devices are affected by changes in technology.
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1. Substation SCADA
2. Feeder SCADA
3. Forced Outage Management
4. Planned Outage Management
5. Real-time Distribution Operation Analysis
6. Voltage/VAR Control
7. Distribution System Alarm Processing
SCADA-DA SystemSCADA-DA System
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Impact on Customer SatisfactionImpact on Customer Satisfaction
DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION
Reliability in Handling Emergencies
Accurate Meter Reading
Safeness of Facilities
Voltage Quality
Service Reliability
Fast Response to Inquiries/Complaints
Ease of Access via telephone
Problems/Complaint Resolved Satisfactorily
Fast Response and Customer Oriented
Communicates Scheduled
Interruptions
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Manpower Competency Manpower Competency RequirementsRequirements
• Competency Overview
• Distribution Automation Foundational Disciplines
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Distribution Automation Distribution Automation Foundational DisciplinesFoundational Disciplines
Information Technology
Telecommunication
Power System Operation
Distribution Automation Core
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ReferencesReferences
1. Utility Consulting International (UCI), “Long-Term Plan on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, and Telecommunication Systems for the Manila Electric Company”, December 1996.
2. SCADA Office, “An Executive Summary of UCI’s Recommendation on MERALCO’s SCADA and DA Systems”, Manila Electric Company, April 1997.
3. M. C. Mendiola, “Distribution Automation: A Strategic Option for Electric Distribution Utilities in the Restructured and Deregulated Environment”, Master of Science in Business Economics (MBE) Thesis, University of Asia & the Pacific (UA&P), Philippines, May 1999.
4. SCADA Office, “Impact of Distribution Automation System (DAS) Master Station Advanced Functions on Technical System Loss, Unserved Energy and System Capacity Requirements”, Manila Electric Company, January 2000.
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Automation is the Future
Automation is the Future
Thank YouThank You