Scabies Dan Demodex

5/26/2018 Scabies Dan Demodex

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Arthropods and diseases :

1. Scabies

2. Demodiciosis

3. Pediculosis & Phthiriasis

4. Myiasis


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Scabies (kudis, gudig,

budug)

diseases that can spread easily in

overcrowded places

Most common environments are:

Orphanage

Pondok pesantren

elderly people in nursing homes

prisoners


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Prevalence

In Indonesia 6 -27 % in general, but

higher in children & teenager (Sungkar,

1997).

Maruf I et al (2003) found 48.81 %

santri in Lamongan , Jawa Timur

In Jakarta 78,70% and Kabupaten

Pasuruan : 66,70% (Kuspriyanto,2002).


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Etiology :

Mites: Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis

Family Sarcoptidae , ordo Acari, ClassArachnida

Rounded body with 4 pair of legs, 2in the front 2 in the posterior.

Size : F: 300X 350 ; M: 150-200


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Life cycle

F: hair at the 3rd and 4thleg ;

Male : hair at 3 rd legs

Anterior legs terminate in stalkeddisc (Ambulacra )


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Incomplete metamorphosis

Life cycle: 1 month, the male diedafter copulation


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Female lays 1-3 eggs daily ( nottreated: lay eggs for about 5 weeks).

The eggs hatch: larvae will travel to

the skin surface and will producesecretions and making a new

burrow


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Live in stratum corneum burrows

Predilection : skin with thin stratum

corneum stratum : between fingers ,wrist, armpit, umbilicus, gluteus


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Pathogenesis and symptoms

Burrows in stratum corneum withvariation of length


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Symptom

Itching and rash (papules) : caused

by toxic secretions and excretions

directly associated with burrowing

process

Itching especially in the night(pruritus nocturne)

Secondary infection: feel pain ,pustule


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Secondary infection


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Diagnosis

Detection of Sarcoptes scabiei : skinscraping or biopsy

Easy to diagnose without secondaryinfection


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Treatment

Sulfur preparation : 5 10 % Not effective for eggs

Gama benzene hexachloride

Effective for all stages Neurotoxic : not save for < 5 years

Benzil benzoat emulsion

Crotamiton topical cream Permethrin

Is safe for use on the head and neck of

children less than two years old


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Epidemiology

Very contagious , transmission:

person to person, clothing and

bedding, towel

Environment factors:

bedroom sanitation, personal

hygiene, room ventilation, unhealthy

behavior, limited water supply,

population density of dormitory


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Prevention : clothing and bedding

should be washed in hot for 10

minutes and dry : kill the scabies

mite and eggs.


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Demodicosis


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Prevalence:

Demodicosis most often associated

with facial skin disease: acne

vulgaris and rosacea

Irina (2010): 12% positive (as in the

group with healthy skin) and patients

with rosacea (64 out of 79) positive

Demodex ( 81% )


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In eye lashes follicle:

Post DF, Juhlin E (1963) observed :

84% of the sample with a

mean age of 61 years and100% of those older than 70

years


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Cause by Demodex folliculorum,Demodex brevis

Family Demodicidae, ordo Acari ,Class Arachnida

Body : long, with striated abdomen

Size : 0.1 0.3 mm

4 pairs of legs


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Estimated 14.5 days & female live 5 days after oviposition


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Pathogenesis and Symptoms

Live in hair follicle

Preferred sites are facial skin,

forehead, cheeks, nose wings,eyelashes and external ear

channels. sometime on the scalp

slowly move on the skin especially

during the night (locomotion at a rate

of 8-16 mm/h).


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Symptom:

Generally asymptomatic

heavy infestations :

Itching lost of lashes /hair loss

skin complaints as acne rosacea.

- Recurrent blepharitis : coulddisturb eye vision

- Eye lid thickening


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Diagnosis

Detection of D. folliculorum


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Epidemiology

No racial predilect

Infestation is equal in males and

females. Infestation is correlated to the

number of sebaceous glands

Scabies Dan Demodex

Documents

scabies kudis

eggs hatch

lay eggs

healthy skin

stratumcorneum stratum

years and100

tothe skin surface

life cycle f